Article

Marongiu, Sabrina and van Eijk, Maarten and Gresnigt, Femke M J and Croes, Esther A and Franssen, Eric J F (2025) Rising incidence of recreational ketamine use: clinical cases and management in emergency settings. Toxicology reports , 14 .

HSE drugs.ie. (2025) HSE MDMA update May 2025. drugs.ie .

Ter Laak, Thomas L and Emke, Erik and Dolot, Nicole and van Loon, Emiel E and van der Kooi, Margo M E and van Asten, Arian C and de Voogt, Pim (2025) Mapping consumptions and market size of cocaine, amphetamine and MDMA through wastewater analysis: a Dutch case study. Addiction , 120 , (1) , pp. 116-125.

Coney, Leigh and Peacock, Amy and van der Gouwe, Daan and Smit-Rigter, Laura and Hutten, Nadia and Ventura, Mireia and Quesada, Adrià and Barratt, Monica J (2025) Comparison of strength and adulteration between illicit drugs obtained from cryptomarkets versus off-line. Addiction , 120 , (1) , pp. 128-137.

James, Philip D and Comiskey, Catherine (2024) Informing the cannabis policy debate: a cross-sectional study of current and former cannabis users in Ireland. Journal of Substance Use , Early Online .

Akbariansaravi, Abrisham and Dekhne, Anushka and Dhamelia, Archi and Mekhail, Mario (2024) Exploring the intersection of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and substance use: a comprehensive narrative review. Cureus , 16 , (10) .

Duncan, Zoe and Ward, Bernadette and Kippen, Rebecca and Dietze, Paul and Sutton, Keith (2024) A narrative systematic review of associations and temporality between use of methamphetamine, ecstasy/MDMA, or cocaine with anxiety or depressive symptoms. Addictive Behaviors , 153 .

Lake, Stephanie and Lucas, Philippe (2024) The Global Psychedelic Survey: consumer characteristics, patterns of use, and access in primarily anglophone regions around the world. International Journal of Drug Policy , 130 .

Whelan, Jai and Noller, Geoff and Ward, Ryan D (2024) Harm reduction behaviours and harm experiences of people who use 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in Aotearoa New Zealand. Harm Reduction Journal , 21 .

Killeen, Nicki and Mc Namara, Sinéad and Keenan, Eamon (2024) 'K culture', ketamine's prominent yet overlooked role on the Irish drug scene and implications for health. Irish Journal of Medical Science , 193 , pp. 1557-1559.

Millar, Seán (2024) Injecting trends in Dublin and Midlands regions: results from Syringe Analysis Programme, 2021–2022. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 89, Autumn 2024 , pp. 50-52.

Pezel, Théo and Dillinger, Jean-Guillaume and Trimaille, Antonin and Delmas, Clément and Piliero, Nicolas and Bouleti, Claire and Pommier, Thibaut and El Ouahidi, Amine and Andrieu, Stéphane and Lattuca, Benoit and Rossanaly Vasram, Reza and Fard, Damien and Noirclerc, Nathalie and Bonnet, Guillaume and Goralski, Marc and Elbaz, Meyer and Deney, Antoine and Schurtz, Guillaume and Docq, Clemence and Roubille, Francois and Fauvel, Charles and Bochaton, Thomas and Aboyans, Victor and Boccara, Franck and Puymirat, Etienne and Batisse, Anne and Steg, Gabriel and Vicaut, Eric and Henry, Patrick (2023) Prevalence and impact of recreational drug use in patients with acute cardiovascular events. Heart .

Millar, Sean (2022) Irish findings from the European Web Survey on Drugs. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 83, Winter 2022 , pp. 1-5.

Sumnall, Harry R and Atkinson, A M and Montgomery, Catharine and Maynard, Olivia M and Nicholls, J (2022) Effects of media representations of drug related deaths on public stigma and support for harm reduction. International Journal of Drug Policy , 111 .

Breeksema, Joost J and Kuin, Bouwe W and Kamphuis, Jeanine and van den Brink, Wim and Vermetten, Eric and Schoevers, Robert A (2022) Adverse events in clinical treatments with serotonergic psychedelics and MDMA: A mixed-methods systematic review. Journal of Psychopharmacology , 36 , (10) , pp. 1100-1117.

Condron, Ita (2022) Drug treatment in Ireland, 2015–2021. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 82, Summer 2022 , pp. 18-20.

Ivers, Jo-Hanna and Killeen, Nicki and Keenan, Eamon (2022) Drug use, harm-reduction practices and attitudes toward the utilisation of drug safety testing services in an Irish cohort of festival-goers. Irish Journal of Medical Science , 191 , (4) , pp. 1701-1710.

Adams, Emma Audrey and Spencer, Liam and Addison, Michelle and McGovern, William and Alderson, Hayley and Adley, Mark and McGovern, Ruth and Gilvarry, Eilish and Kaner, Eileen and O'Donnell, Amy (2022) Substance use, health, and adverse life events amongst amphetamine-type stimulant users in North East England: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 19 , (12) .

Pascoe, Michael J and Radley, Sarah and Simmons, HTD and Measham, Fiona (2022) The Cathinone Hydra: increased cathinone and caffeine adulteration in the English MDMA market after Brexit and COVID-19 lockdowns. Drug Science, Policy and Law , 8 .

Lowe, Henry and Toyang, Ngeh and Steele, Blair and Grant, Justin and Ali, Amza and Gordon, Lorenzo and Ngwa, Wilfred (2022) Psychedelics: alternative and potential therapeutic options for treating mood and anxiety disorders. Molecules , 27 , (8) , p. 2520.

Liebregts, Nienke and Rigoni, Rafaela and Petruželka, Benjamin and Barták, Miroslav and Rowicka, Magdalena and Zurhold, Heike and Schiffer, Katrin (2022) Different phases of ATS use call for different interventions: a large qualitative study in Europe. Harm Reduction Journal , 19 .

Millar, Sean (2021) Results from the fifth general population survey on illicit drug use in Ireland. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 79, Autumn 2021 , pp. 1-7.

Millar, Sean (2021) Relationships between cannabis and recent use of stimulant drugs. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 79, Autumn 2021 , pp. 21-22.

Davey, Christopher G (2021) Editorial: Out of the night-time and into the day: Ketamine and MDMA as therapies for mental disorders. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry .

Docherty, James R and Alsufyani, Hadeel A (2021) Cardiovascular and temperature adverse actions of stimulants. British Journal of Pharmacology , 178 , (13) , pp. 2551-2568.

Noseda, Roberta and Schmid, Yasmin and Scholz, Irene and Liakoni, Evangelia and Liechti, Matthias E and Dargan, Paul I and Wood, David M and Dines, Alison M and Yates, Christopher and Heyerdahl, Fridtjof and Hovda, Knut E and Giraudon, Isabelle and Ceschi, Alessandro (2021) MDMA-related presentations to the emergency departments of the European Drug Emergencies Network plus (Euro-DEN Plus) over the four-year period 2014-2017. Clinical Toxicology , 59 , (2) , pp. 131-137.

Millar, Seán and Mongan, Deirdre and O'Dwyer, Claire and Smyth, Bobby P and Perry, Ivan J and Galvin, Brian (2021) Relationships between patterns of cannabis use, abuse and dependence and recent stimulant use: evidence from two national surveys in Ireland. PLoS ONE , 16 , (8) .

Southey, Madeleine and Kathirgamalingam, Ashwini and Crawford, Benjamin and Kaul, Rohan and McNamara, Jack and John-Leader, Franklin and Heslop, Jenny and Pit, Sabrina Winona (2020) Patterns of ecstasy use amongst live music event attendees and their opinions on pill testing: a cross sectional study. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy , 15 , (1) , p. 55.

Balbo, Nicoletta and Carpella, Piergiorgio and Toffolutti, Veronica (2020) Trends in the use of mind-altering drugs among European adolescents during the Great Recession. Health Policy , 124 , (5) , pp. 568-574.

Jerome, Lisa and Feduccia, Allison A and Wang, Julie B and Hamilton, Scott and Yazar-Klosinski, Berra and Emerson, Amy and Mithoefer, Michael C and Doblin, Rick (2020) Long-term follow-up outcomes of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of PTSD: a longitudinal pooled analysis of six phase 2 trials. Psychopharmacology , 237 , pp. 2485-2497.

Gibbs, Daisy and Hughes, Caitlin and Barrett, Monica and Ezard, Nadine and Bruno, Raimondo and Sutherland, Rachel and Grigg, Jodie and Salom, Caroline and Hill, Penny and Dietze, Paul and Lenton, Simon R and Degenhardt, Louisa and Peacock, Amy (2019) Illicit drug use and awareness of health and policing initiatives at Australian music festivals among people who regularly use ecstasy and other illicit stimulants. Drug Trends Bulletin Series .

Harada, Takayuki and Tsutomi, Hiroshi and Mori, Rintaro and Wilson, David B (2019) Cognitive‐behavioural treatment for amphetamine‐type stimulants (ATS)‐use disorders. Campbell Systematic Reviews , 15 , (1-2 e1026) .

Drug and Alcohol Findings. (2019) UK’s first pilot of onsite ‘drug checking’ service. Drug and Alcohol Findings Research Analysis , (31 May 2019) .

Millar, Sean (2018) Chemsex, risk behaviours and infection among men who have sex with men in Dublin. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 65, Spring 2018 , p. 8.

Millar, Sean (2017) Results from fourth general population survey on illicit drug use in Ireland. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 60, Winter 2017 , pp. 1-5.

Kuypers, Kim PC and Theunissen, Eef L and van Wel, Janelle HP and de Sousa Fernandes Perna, Elizabeth B and Linssen, Anke and Sambeth, Anke and Schultz, Benjamin G and Ramaekers, Johannes G (2016) Verbal memory impairment in polydrug ecstasy users: a clinical perspective. PLoS ONE , 11 , (2) .

Mounteney, Jane and Griffiths, Paul and Sedefov, Roumen and Noor, Andre and Vicente, Julian and Simon, Roland (2016) The drug situation in Europe: an overview of data available on illicit drugs and new psychoactive substances from European monitoring in 2015. Addiction , 111 , (1) , pp. 34-48.

Brunt, Tibor M and Nagy, Constanze and Bücheli, Alexander and Martins, Daniel and Ugarte, Miren and Beduwe, Cécile and Ventura Vilamala, Mireia (2015) Drug testing in Europe: monitoring results of the Trans European Drug Information (TEDI) project. Drug Testing and Analysis , 9 , (2) , pp. 188-198.

Rouine, J and Kelly, ME and Jennings-Murphy, C and Duffy, P and Gorman, I and Gormley, S and Kerskens, CM and Harkin, Andrew (2014) Investigation of the mechanisms mediating MDMA "Ecstasy"-induced increases in cerebro-cortical perfusion determined by btASL MRI. Psychopharmacology , 232 , (9) , pp. 1501-1513.

McCann, Mark and Higgins, Kathryn and Perra, Oliver and McCartan, Claire and McLaughlin, Aisling (2014) Adolescent ecstasy use and depression: cause and effect, or two outcomes of home environment? European Journal of Public Health , 24 , (5) , pp. 845-850.

Roberts, Gloria and Garavan, Hugh (2013) Neural mechanisms underlying ecstasy-related attentional bias. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging , 213 , (2) , pp. 122-132.

Vanattou-Saïfoudine, Natacha and McNamara, R and Harkin, A (2012) Caffeine provokes adverse interactions with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'ecstasy') and related psychostimulants: mechanisms and mediators. British Journal of Pharmacology , 167 , (5) , pp. 946-959.

Long, Jean (2012) Results from the third general population survey in Ireland. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 40, Winter 2011 , pp. 6-8.

Long, Jean and Horgan, Justine (2012) Drug use among the general population, by regional drugs task force area. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 43, Autumn 2012 , pp. 24-27.

Vanattou-Saïfoudine, Natacha and Gossen, Anna and Harkin, Andrew (2011) A role for adenosine A1 receptor blockade in the ability of caffeine to promote MDMA “Ecstasy”-induced striatal dopamine release. European Journal of Pharmacology , 650 , (1) , pp. 220-228.

Cahill, E and Byrne, M (2010) Alcohol and drug use in students attending a student health centre. Irish Medical Journal , 103 , (8) , pp. 230-233.

Roberts, Gloria and Garavan, Hugh (2010) Evidence of increased activation underlying cognitive control in ecstasy and cannabis users. NeuroImage , 52 , (2) , pp. 429-435.

McCrystal, Patrick and Percy, Andrew (2009) Factors associated with teenage ecstasy use. Drugs: Education Prevention and Policy , 10 , (17) , pp. 507-527.

Rogers, G and Elston, J and Garside, R and Roome, C and Taylor, R and Younger, P and Zawada, A and Somerville, M (2009) The harmful health effects of recreational ecstasy: a systematic review of observational evidence. Health Technology Assessment , 13 , (6) , xii-338.

Roberts, Gloria and Nestor, Liam and Garavan, Hugh (2009) Learning and memory deficits in ecstasy users and their neural correlates during a face-learning task. Brain Research , 1292 , pp. 71-81.

Cassidy, N and Casey, PB and Tracey, JA (2009) Accidental ecstasy ingestion in a two year old. Irish Medical Journal , 102 , (2) , p. 62.

Galvin, Brian (2008) 2008 report on the drugs problem in Europe. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 28, Winter 2008 , pp. 6-7.

Akinlabi, LO and Al-Assaf, N and Donnelly, J and Nicholson, AJ (2008) Accidental ecstasy ingestion in a two year old. Irish Medical Journal , 101 , (5) , pp. 156-157.

McElrath, Karen (2005) MDMA and sexual behavior: ecstasy users' perceptions about sexuality and sexual risk. Substance Use & Misuse , 40 , (9/10) , pp. 1461-1477.

Kernan, Kathy and Keenan, Eamon (2004) Ecstasy abuse: an Irish perspective. Irish Psychiatrist , 6 , (5) , p. 31.

Connor, TJ (2004) Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'Ecstasy'): a stressor on the immune system. Immunology , 111 , (4) , pp. 357-367.

McElrath, Karen and McEvoy, Kieran (2002) Negative experiences on Ecstasy: the role of drug, set and setting. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs , 34 , (2) , pp. 199-208.

Gervin, Maurice and Hughes, Rita and Bamford, L and Smyth, Bobby P and Keenan, Eamon (2001) Heroin smoking by 'chasing the dragon' in young opiate users in Ireland. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 20 , (4) , pp. 297-300.

McElrath, Karen and McEvoy, Kieran (2001) Fact, fiction, and function: mythmaking and the social construction of ecstasy use. Substance Use & Misuse , 36 , (1&2) , pp. 1-22.

McElrath, Karen and McEvoy, Kieran (2001) Heroin as Evil: ecstasy users' perceptions about heroin. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy , 8 , (2) , pp. 177-189.

Lavelle, Aishling and Honner, Valerie and Docherty, JR (1999) Investigation of the prejunctional alpha(2) adrenoceptor mediated actions of MDMA in rat atrium and vas deferens. British Journal of Pharmacology , 128 , (5) , pp. 975-980.

Harding, Steve (1999) E. types and Saturday night fevers - the 'staying alive' campaign. Journal of Health Gain , 3 , (3) , pp. 23-24.

Gervin, Maurice and Smith, Robert and Bamford, L and Keenan, Eamon (1998) Chasing the Dragon: experience in Ireland and associations with ecstasy. Addiction , 93 , (4) , pp. 601-602.

Keenan, Eamon and Gervin, Maurice and Dorman, Arthur and O'Connor, John J (1993) Psychosis and recreational use of MDMA ("ecstasy"). Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine , 10 , (3) , pp. 162-163.

Cregg, MT and Tracey, JA (1993) Ecstasy abuse in Ireland. Irish Medical Journal , 86 , (4) , pp. 118-120.

Williams, H and Meagher, D and Galligan, P (1993) M.D.M.A. (Ecstasy); a case of possible drug-induced psychosis. Irish Journal of Medical Science , 162 , (2) , pp. 43-44.

Report

European Union Drugs Agency. (2025) Understanding Europe’s drug situation in 2024 – key developments (European Drug Report 2025). Lisbon: EUDA.

European Union Drugs Agency. (2025) MDMA – the current situation in Europe (European Drug Report 2025). Lisbon: EUDA.

European Union Drugs Agency. (2025) Drug supply, production and precursors – the current situation in Europe (European Drug Report 2025). Lisbon: EUDA.

European Union Drugs Agency. (2025) European drug report 2025: trends and developments. Lisbon: European Union Drugs Agency.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2025) Synthetic drugs in East and Southeast Asia: latest developments and challenges. Bangkok: UNODC.

Lynch, Tiina and Tierney, Paula and Lyons, Suzi (2025) National Drug Treatment Reporting System: 2024 drug treatment demand. Dublin: Health Research Board.

Ireland. Revenue Commissioners. (2025) Revenue Commissioners annual report 2024. Dublin: Revenue Commissioners.

European Drugs Agency. (2025) Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. Lisbon: European Drugs Agency.

United Kingdom. Home Office. (2025) Wastewater analysis: measuring illicit drug consumption in 2023 and 2024. London: Home Office.

Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Union Drugs Agency. (2025) Ireland: national report for 2024 – drugs. Dublin: Health Research Board.

Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Union Drugs Agency. (2025) Ireland: national report for 2024 - drug markets and crime. Dublin: Health Research Board.

TEDI members. Jones, G and Ventura, Mireia and Rigoni, Rafaela and Schiffer, Katrin (2025) European drug checking trends 2018 - 2024. Amsterdam: Correlation – European Harm Reduction Network.

Central Statistics Office. (2025) Growing Up in Ireland: Cohort '98 at age 25 main results. Cork: Central Statistics Office.

WEDINOS. (2024) PHILTRE August 2024. Cardiff: WEDINOS.

European Union Drugs Agency. (2024) The impact of economic recessions on the use of illicit drugs: findings from a scoping literature review. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Sutherland, Rachel and Chandrasena, Udesha and Karlsson, Antonia and Uporova, Julia and Tayeb, Haniene and Price, Olivia and Salom, Caroline and Bruno, Raimondo and Paul Dietze, Simon and Lenton, Catherine and Daly, Natalie and Thomas, Sophie and Degenhardt, Louisa and Farrell, Michael and Peacock, Amy (2024) Australian drug trends 2024: key findings from the National Ecstasy and Related Drugs Reporting System (EDRS) interviews. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2024) European drug report 2024: trends and developments. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

European Union Drugs Agency. (2024) MDMA – the current situation in Europe (European Drug Report 2024). Lisbon: EUDA.

European Union Drugs Agency. (2024) Drug supply, production and precursors – the current situation in Europe (European Drug Report 2024). Lisbon: EUDA.

TEDI members. Jones, G and Ventura, Mireia and Rigoni, Rafaela and Schiffer, Katrin (2024) European drug checking trends 2018-2023. Amsterdam: Correlation – European Harm Reduction Network.

Ireland. Revenue Commissioners. (2024) Revenue annual report 2023. Dublin: Revenue Commissioners.

Ireland. Revenue Commissioners. (2024) Revenue headline results 2023. Dublin: Revenue Commissioners.

National Poisons Information Centre. (2024) National Poisons Information Centre annual report 2023. Dublin: National Poisons Information Centre.

Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission. (2024) National wastewater drug monitoring program. Sydney: Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission.

National Poisons Information Centre. (2023) National Poisons Information Centre annual report 2022. Dublin: National Poisons Information Centre.

McNamara, Sinéad and Killeen, Nicki and Eagleton, Marie and Keenan, Eamon (2023) HSE emerging drug trend monitoring. Year 2 results from the Syringe Analysis Programme 2022. The identification of injecting trends in the Dublin and Midland Region through the application of syringe analysis methodology. Dublin: Health Service Executive.

National Poisons Information Service. (2023) National Poisons Information Service report 2022 to 2023. London: UK Health Security Agency.

Sutherland, Rachel and Karlsson, Antonia and King, Cate and Uporova, Julia and Chandrasena, Udesha and Jones, Fiona and Gibbs, Daisy and Price, Olivia and Dietze, Paul and Lenton, Simon R and Salom, Caroline and Bruno, Raimondo and Wilson, Joanna and Grigg, Jodie and Daly, Catherine and Thomas, Natalie and Radke, Sophie and Stafford, Lauren and Degenhardt, Louisa and Farrell, Michael and Peacock, Amy (2023) Australian drug trends 2023: key findings from the National Ecstasy and Related Drugs Reporting System (EDRS) interviews. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney.

Patrick, Megan E and Miech, Richard A and Johnston, Lloyd D and O’Malley, Patrick M (2023) Monitoring the future panel study annual report. National data on substance use among adults ages 19 to 60, 1976-2022. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Institute for Social Research.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2023) World drug report 2023. New York: United Nations.

New Zealand Drug Foundation. (2023) Drug checking data report 2022. Wellington: New Zealand Drug Foundation.

Sutherland, Rachel and King, Cate and Karlsson, Antonia and Treloar, Carla and Broady, Timothy R and Chandrasena, Udesha and Salom, Caroline and Peacock, Amy (2023) Experiences of stigma while visiting healthcare services among people who use drugs in Australia, 2022. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre.

Ygram Peters, Gjalt-Jorn and Noijen, Judith (2023) Party Panel: developing theory- and evidence-based health promotion in nightlife settings. Monitoring drug use in the digital age: studies in web surveys. EMCDDA Insights. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2023) UN convention decisions 1961 - 2022. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

Killeen, Nicki and McNamara, Sinéad and Stokes, Siobhán and Keenan, Eamon (2022) Safer nightlife programme 2022: results from ‘back of house’ drug testing. Dublin: HSE National Social Inclusion Office.

Mackey, Katherine M and Anderson, Johanna K and Williams, Beth E and Ward, Rachel M and Parr, Nicholas J (2022) Evidence brief: psychedelic medications for mental health and substance use disorders. Washington, DC: Evidence Synthesis Program, Health Services Research and Development Service, Office of Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs.

Sutherland, Rachel and Karlsson, Antonia and King, Cate and Jones, Fiona and Uporova, Julia and Price, Olivia and Gibbs, Daisy and Bruno, Raimondo and Dietze, Paul and Lenton, Simon R and Salom, Caroline and Grigg, Jodie and Wilson, Yalei and Wilson, Joanna and Daly, Catherine and Thomas, Natalie and Juckel, Jennifer and Degenhardt, Louisa and Farrell, Michael and Peacock, Amy (2022) Australian drug trends 2022: key findings from the National Ecstasy and Related Drugs Reporting System (EDRS) interviews. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney.

Mongan, Deirdre and Killeen, Nicki and Evans, David and Millar, Seán and Keenan, Eamon and Galvin, Brian (2022) European web survey on drugs 2021: Irish results. Dublin: Health Research Board.

Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation. (2022) What’s contaminating Toronto’s drug supply? insights from samples checked by Toronto’s drug checking service January 1 - December 31, 2021. Toronto: Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation.

Revenue Commissioners. (2022) Revenue annual report 2021. Ninety-ninth annual report of the Revenue Commissioners for the year ended 31 December 2021, including progress on the implementation of Revenue’s Statement of Strategy, in accordance with the Public Service Management Act 1997, presented to the Minister for Finance. Dublin: Revenue Commissioners.

Krotulski, Alex J and Fogarty, Melissa F and Papsun, Donna M and Lamb, Michael and Walton, Sara E and Logan, Barry K (2022) Synthetic stimulant market rapidly changing as N,N-Dimethylpentylone replaces Eutylone in drug supply typically sold as “ecstasy” or “molly”. United States: Center for Forensic Science Research and Education.

Witzel, T Charles and Shanley, Adam and Weatherburn, Peter (2022) EMERGE report. Effect of COVID-19 and government restriction on the sexual health and well-being of gay and bisexual men in Ireland. Dublin: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine ; MPower programme at HIV Ireland.

Byrne, Michael and Dick, Samantha and Ryan, L and Dockray, Samantha and Davoren, Martin P and Heavin, Ciara and Ivers, Jo-Hanna and Linehan, Conor and Vasiliou, Vasilis S (2022) The Drug Use in Higher Education in Ireland (DUHEI) survey 2021: main findings. Cork: University College Cork.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2021) European Web Survey on Drugs 2021: top level findings, 21 EU countries and Switzerland. Lisbon: EMCDDA.

O’Mahony, Desmond and McNamara, Eoin and McClintock, Rebecca and Murray, Aisling and Smyth, Emer and Watson, Dorothy (2021) Growing Up in Ireland: The lives of 20-year-olds: making the transition to adulthood. Dublin: ESRI; Trinity College Dublin; Department of Children Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth.

National Poisons Information Centre. (2021) National Poisons Information Centre annual report 2020. Dublin: National Poisons Information Centre.

Sutherland, Rachel and Karlsson, Antonia and Price, Olivia and Uporova, Julia and Chandrasena, Udesha and Swanton, Rosie and Gibbs, Daisy and Bruno, Raimondo and Dietze, Paul and Lenton, Simon R and Salom, Caroline and Grigg, Jodie and Wilson, Yalei and Eddy, Sarah and Hall, Cristal and Daly, Catherine and Thomas, Natalie and Juckel, Jennifer and Degenhardt, Louisa and Farrell, Michael and Peacock, Amy (2021) Australian drug trends 2021: key findings from the national Ecstasy and Related Drugs Reporting System (EDRS) interviews. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2021) Stimulants: health and social responses. Lisbon: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction.

HSE National Social Inclusion Office. (2021) Report of the Emerging Drug Trends and Drug Checking Working Group 2021. Dublin: Health Service Executive.

Mongan, Deirdre and Millar, Seán and Galvin, Brian (2021) The 2019–20 Irish National Drug and Alcohol Survey: main findings. Dublin: Health Research Board.

Rigoni, Rafaela and Liebregts, Nienke and Schiffer, Katrin (2021) Briefing paper. Treatment, prevention and harm reduction interventions for different forms of ATS use. Amsterdam: De Regenboog Groep; Correlation-European Harm Reduction Network.

Public Health England. (2021) Drug Harms Assessment and Response Team. Quarterly summary for professionals: May 2021. London: Public Health England.

Toronto's Drug Checking Service. (2021) What's in Toronto's drug supply? Results from samples checked by Toronto's drug checking service January 1 - December 31, 2020. Toronto: Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation.

Western Region Drug and Alcohol Task Force, Planet Youth. (2021) Growing up in the West. Planet Youth county report Roscommon 2020. Galway: WRDATF.

Winstock, Adam R and Timmerman, C and Davies, E and Maier, LJ and Zhuparris, A and Ferris, JA and Barratt, Monica J and Kuypers, KPC (2021) Global drug survey (GDS) 2020 psychedelics key findings report. London: Global Drug Survey.

GDS core Research Team. (2021) Global drug survey annual report. Executive summary. London: Global Drug Survey.

Western Region Drug and Alcohol Task Force, Planet Youth. (2021) Growing up in the West. Planet Youth county report Galway 2020. Galway: WRDATF.

Western Region Drug and Alcohol Task Force, Planet Youth. (2021) Growing up in the West. Planet Youth county report Mayo 2020. Galway: WRDATF.

Quinlan, Mick and McCartney, Daniel (2020) EMIS-2017. Ireland community report - part four: key findings for the 514 respondents not born in the republic of Ireland. Dublin: Gay Health Network.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2020) Global synthetic drugs assessment 2020. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2020) European drug report 2020: key issues summary. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Peacock, Amy and Price, Olivia and Dietze, Paul and Bruno, Raimondo and Salom, Caroline and Lenton, Simon R and Swanton, Rosie and Uporova, Julia and Karlsson, A and Chan, Roanna and Gibbs, Daisy and Grigg, Jodie and Daly, Catherine and Hall, Cristal and Wilson, Tanya and Degenhardt, Louisa and Farrell, Michael (2020) Impacts of COVID-19 and associated restrictions on people who use illicit stimulants in Australia: findings from the Ecstasy and Related Drugs Reporting System 2020. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2020) European drug report 2020: trends and developments. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Foster, Cyrss and Scarlett, Mary and Stewart, Bill (2020) Young persons’ behaviour and attitudes survey 2019: substance use - (smoking, alcohol & drugs). Belfast: Department of Health.

CREW 2000. (2020) MDMA: information guide on use, effects, safety and help. Edinburgh: CREW.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2020) Impact of COVID-19 on patterns drug use and drug-related harms in Europe. Lisbon: EMCDDA.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Europol. (2020) EU drug markets: impact of COVID-19. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Global SMART Programme. (2020) Synthetic drugs in East and Southeast Asia. Latest developments and challenges. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

Trimbos Instituut: Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction. (2020) National drug monitor 2019. English summary. Amsterdam: Trimbos-instituut.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2020) Drug-related hospital emergency presentations in Europe: update from the Euro-DEN Plus expert network. Luxembourg: Office of the European Union.

Drug Enforcement Administration, U.S. Department of Justice. (2020) Drugs of abuse: a DEA resource guide. Washington DC: Drug Enforcement Administration, U.S. Department of Justice.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Europol. (2019) EU drug markets report 2019. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2019) Drug precursor developments in the European Union. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Gay Health Network. (2019) EMIS-2017. Ireland community report - part two: key findings for the 2,083 respondents in Ireland. Dublin: Gay Health Network.

Western Region Drug and Alcohol Task Force, Planet Youth. (2019) Growing up in the west: county report Galway. WRDATF.

Western Region Drug and Alcohol Task Force, Planet Youth. (2019) Growing up in the west: county report Mayo. Galway: WRDATF.

Western Region Drug and Alcohol Task Force, Planet Youth. (2019) Growing up in the west: county report Roscommon. Galway: WRDATF.

Kelly, Georgia and Bruno, Raimondo and Peacock, Amy (2019) Recent use of ‘capsules contents unknown’ among a sample of people who frequently use ecstasy and other illicit stimulants in Australia. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2019) Drugs in syringes from six European cities: results from the ESCAPE project 2017. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

National Advisory Committee on Drugs and Alcohol, Northern Ireland. Department of Health. (2018) Prevalence of drug use and gambling in Ireland & drug use in Northern Ireland. 2014/15 drug prevalence survey: polydrug and new psychoactive substances results. Bulletin 4. Dublin: Department of Health.

Mentor, Adfam. (2017) Talking to your children about new psychoactive substances and club drugs. A handbook for parents and carers. London: Mentor and Adfam.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2016) Recent changes in Europe’s MDMA/ecstasy market. EMCDDA rapid communication. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2016) Terminology and information on drugs. New York: United Nations.

Bingham, Tim and O'Driscoll, Colin and De Barra, Graham (2015) National student drug survey 2015. Dublin: .

Novel Psychoactive Treatment UK Network. Abdulrahim, D and Bowden-Jones, O (2015) Guidance on the clinical management of acute and chronic harms of club drugs and novel psychoactive substances. London: NEPTUNE.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Europol. (2013) EU drug markets report: a strategic analysis. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Campus.ie. (2013) The National student survey 2013. Dublin: Campus.ie.

O'Gorman, Aileen and Piggott, Kevin and Napier, Kristina and Driscoll, Alan and Emerson, Darren and Mooney, Robert and Fennelly, Cara and Gately, Pamela and Foley, Mary (2013) An analysis of current licit and illicit drug use patterns in the Finglas-Cabra local drugs task force area. Dublin: Finglas/Cabra Local Drugs Task Force.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2011) 2011 Global ATS assessment. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. (2009) MDMA (‘ecstasy’): a review of its harms and classification under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. London: Home Office.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2008) European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2008: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.

Health Promotion Unit, Department of Health and Children. (2008) Know the facts about drugs. Dublin: Health Service Executive.

Reaper-Reynolds, Sheilagh and Williams, James and Wolfe, Esther and Keane, Rory (2005) Understanding substances and substance use: a handbook for teachers. Kildare: South Western Area Health Board.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2003) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime ecstasy and amphetamines global survey 2003. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

Merchants Quay Project. (2001) The situation concerning drug use and drug prevention in Dublin and what was done within the European Project: final report. Dublin: Merchants Quay Project.

McEvoy, Kieran and McElrath, Karen (1999) Ecstasy use in Northern Ireland: a qualitative study. Belfast: Stationery Office.

Murphy, Tim and O'Mahony, Paul and O'Shea, Marie (1998) Ecstasy use among young Irish people: a comparative and interdisciplinary study. (Unpublished) Cork: National University of Ireland, Cork. Centre for European Social Research and Department of Law.

Bissett, Fran (1997) Ecstasy and young people. Dublin: National Youth Council of Ireland & Health Promotion Unit, Department of Health.

Webpage

HSE drugs.ie. (2025) Drug trend updates and warnings. URL: https://www.drugs.ie/drugs_info/drug_trend_updates...

European Union Drugs Agency. (2025) Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. URL: https://www.euda.europa.eu/publications/html/pods/...

European Union Drugs Agency. (2025) EU drug market: MDMA. URL: https://www.euda.europa.eu/publications/eu-drug-ma...

European Union Drugs Agency. (2024) European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN Plus): data and analysis. URL: https://www.euda.europa.eu/publications/data-facts...

European Union Drugs Agency. (2024) Frequently asked questions (FAQ): therapeutic use of psychedelic substances. URL: https://www.euda.europa.eu/publications/frequently...

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre. (2024) The Ecstasy and Related Drugs Reporting System (EDRS). URL: https://ndarc.med.unsw.edu.au/project/ecstasy-and-...

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2023) Most recent data from the European Syringe Collection and Analysis Project Enterprise (ESCAPE): data explorer, analysis and key findings. URL: https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/data-fac...

HSE drugs.ie. (2023) Harm reduction for different types of drugs. URL: https://www.drugs.ie/drugs_info/campaign/

FactSheet

HRB National Drugs Library. (2025) Factsheet: MDMA/ecstasy - the Irish situation. Dublin: HRB National Drugs Library.

Simon Community Scotland, Public Health Scotland. (2025) How to save a life: emergency response to a drug overdose, and harm reduction advice. Edinburgh: Public Health Scotland.

Trans-European Drug Information Network. (2024) Drug checking data from the Trans-European Drug Information (TEDI) network. Lisbon: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction.

Jordan, Deborah (2024) Ecstasy: what is it? Wicklow: East Coast Regional Drug and Alcohol Task Force.

Organization of Teratology Information Specialists. (2023) Mother to baby: fact sheets [Internet]. Brentwood (TN): Organization of Teratology Information Specialists.

UK Teratology Information Service. (2016) BUMPS: Best use of medicines in pregnancy - Ecstasy. London: UK Teratology Information Service.

Ana Liffey Drug Project. (2014) What is PMA / PMMA? Dublin: drugs.ie.

Dail Debates

[Oireachtas] Dáil Éireann debate. Questions 589 – illicit trade [19908/25]. (29 Apr 2025)

[Oireachtas] Dáil Éireann debate. Questions 153 & 154 - Revenue Commissioners [30540/24 & 30541/24]. (11 Jul 2024)

[Oireachtas] Dáil Éireann debate. Question 468 - Departmental data [drug seizures] [38593/23]. (11 Sep 2023)

[Oireachtas] Dail Eireann debate. Written answer 930 - Drugs crime [Ecstasy & the internet] [35486/13]. (16 Jul 2013)

[Oireachtas] Dail Eireann debate. Written answers 141, 143, 144 - National Drugs Strategy [44249/10, 44357/10, 44377/10]. (24 Nov 2010)

[Oireachtas] Dail Eireann debate. Written answer 65 - Substance abuse [Herbal ecstasy] [32596/07]. (05 Dec 2007)

[Oireachtas] Dail Eireann debate. Written answer 225 - Medicinal Products [Herbal ecstasy] [20962/07]. (02 Oct 2007)

Book

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre. (2017) Quick guide to drugs & alcohol. New South Wales: Drug Info. State Library of NSW .

Shapiro, Harry (2010) The media guide to drugs: key facts and figures for journalists. London: Drugscope .

Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna. (2003) Ecstasy and Amphetamines - Global Survey 2003. New York: United Nations .

Conference or Workshop Item

Corrigan, Desmond (2004) Drugs: mood, memory and mayhem. In: Drug Treatment Centre Board Evening Seminar Series, 4 November 2004.

Corrigan, Desmond (1997) Dispelling drug myths. In: Drugs in Dublin: Working Together We Can Make a Difference, 5th February 1997, Dublin Castle.

Thesis

McCarthy, Muireann (2017) Recreational drug use being normalised amongst the young people of Ireland. Other thesis, University College Cork.

Maguire, Richard (2001) The development, validation and application of analytical methods for the analysis of drugs of abuse. PhD thesis, Trinity College Dublin.

O'Brien, Aoife (1998) The ecstasy of agony? Moral panic in the print media. MSc thesis, Trinity College Dublin.

Video

Darke, Shane (2023) Drugs and the body video series. National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre.

Dataset

European Union Drugs Agency. (2025) EUDA statistical bulletin - data and statistics on the drug situation in Europe.

Health Research Board. (2021) National Drug and Alcohol Survey [Ireland].

News

Health Service Executive. [Health Service Executive] HSE warns of dangers of new 'designer drugs' in circulation ahead of festival season. (30 May 2025)

[Sunday World] , Fetherstonhaugh, Neil How ‘pink cocaine' – the drug that killed Liam Payne – is taking a grip in Ireland. (24 Oct 2024)

[Health Service Executive] Supporting act: HSE drug harm reduction teams and lab at Electric Picnic 2024. (15 Aug 2024)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Revenue confirms risk checks 'from time to time' at private airfields. (09 Jul 2024)

[Health Service Executive] HSE Safer Nightlife Programme hosts harm reduction services at Mother Pride Block Party 2024. (28 Jun 2024)

[Health Service Executive] ‘Reduce Drug Harm’ at events and festivals this weekend. (07 Jun 2024)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac HSE prepares for arrival of killer synthetic drugs following Taliban opium crop crackdown. (01 Sep 2023)

[HSE press office] HSE drug trends update following ‘back of house’ drug checking at festival. (06 Jun 2023)

[Irish Times] , Gleeson, Colin Three alerts issued at Life Festival on back of drug-checking scheme. (03 Jun 2023)

[Irish Independent] , Coyne, Ellen Addicts caught with cocaine or ecstasy ‘should be cautioned and not charged’ says drugs strategy minister. (04 Nov 2022)

[Health Research Board] New European survey sheds light on how Irish people are using drugs. (04 Aug 2022)

[Health Research Board] European drug report 2022. HRB press release. (14 Jun 2022)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Use of ecstasy and cocaine drops during pandemic. (21 Jan 2022)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Drug trends under scrutiny after third seizure of new synthetic stimulant. (12 Jan 2022)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Experts want pilot project to test drugs at music festivals. (17 Sep 2021)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Rourke, Ryan HSE issues warning about strength of MDMA and cocaine. (08 Aug 2021)

[Department of Health] Minister Feighan says HRB Drug Treatment Data for 2020 highlights importance of health-led response to drug and alcohol use. (20 Jul 2021)

Health Research Board. New HRB report examines drug use in Ireland. (01 Jul 2021)

[Department of Health] Minister Feighan welcomes publication of the National Drug and Alcohol Survey 2019/20 by the Health Research Board. (01 Jul 2021)

[Irish Examiner] , Dunphy, Liz Deadly synthetic drugs 'now mixed with cocaine and ecstasy', addiction therapists warn. (27 Aug 2020)

[Irish Times] , Mullally, Una When ecstasy was dealt openly on the Dublin rave scene. (13 Oct 2019)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Electric Picnic festival goers warned of high strength drugs. (29 Aug 2019)

[Independent.ie] , Kelly, Aoife 'Bad batch is a red herring' - Irish doctor dispels drug myths and warns festival-goers about high potency MDMA. (29 Aug 2019)

[thejournal.ie] , McCrave, Conor`` Cork hospital warns festival-goers of 'bad batch' of ecstasy tablets causing 'severe illness'. (03 Aug 2019)

[Irish Examiner] , Leogue, Joe Drug harm-reduction campaign for music festivals. (20 Jun 2019)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Concerns at trends with cannabis, ecstasy and heroin. (07 Jun 2019)

[Independent.ie] , Dillon, Fiona Improving economy leads to rise in demand for 'party drugs' in Ireland - new report. (08 Nov 2018)

[thejournal.ie] , Mcgrath, Dominic 'People tend to start doing cocaine because it's so much more socially acceptable'. (10 Sep 2018)

[Independent.ie] , McCrave, Conor Doctor who treated unconscious teen warns Irish people are playing 'Russian roulette' with drugs. (11 Jul 2018)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Fears at revival in stronger cocaine and ecstasy. (08 Jun 2018)

[thejournal.ie] , Fitzgerald, Cormac Young adults in Ireland are taking more MDMA and cannabis than they used to. (07 Jun 2018)

[Independent.ie] HSE 'closely monitoring' rogue batch of deadly UFO pills after teen dies of suspected overdose. (28 Oct 2017)

[Belfast Telegraph] , Leonard, Victoria Drug Fentanyl 100 times more powerful than morphine is killer, warns Northern Ireland coroner. (22 Sep 2017)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Drug treatment centres shut due to user incidents. (14 Jun 2017)

[Irish Medical Times] , Shannon, June Is that really ecstasy? (09 Jun 2017)

[Irish Times] , McMahon, Aine MDMA use among young Irish adults rising – drugs report. (07 Jun 2017)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Sharp rise in ecstasy and cannabis use as alcohol sales increase. (26 Feb 2017)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Irish teen drinking at a low in European table for alcohol use. (21 Sep 2016)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Cases of drug addiction treatment continue to rise. (01 Jun 2016)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac EU report Ireland had fourth highest quantity of ecstasy seized. (01 Jun 2016)

[Independent.ie] , Phelan, Shane Even before they're teenagers, children are trying drugs. (24 Jan 2016)

[thejournal.ie] Drug-using students urged to be more careful when taking pills. (23 Oct 2015)

[Irish Examiner] , Shanahan, Catherine Third of students use legal drugs to ‘get high’. (28 Aug 2015)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Half of students have used cannabis. (29 Jun 2015)

[thejournal.ie] Of 23,000 who say they took MDMA, 202 ended up in hospital. (18 Jun 2015)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Irish drug users near top for problems caused by ecstasy and alcohol. (15 Jun 2015)

[thejournal.ie] , Ryan, Orla Irish recreational drug users reveal cocaine and MDMA use – and talk ‘mystery white powders’. (08 Jun 2015)

[Independent.ie] , Schiller, Robin Six others hospitalised on night tragic teen collapsed. (21 May 2015)

[Independent.ie] , Hade, Emma Jane and Cullen, Adam and Schiller, Robin Teenage girl dies after collapsing outside nightclub. (18 May 2015)

[thejournal.ie] , O'Faolain, Aodhan Three men tell High Court they should be let out of jail because of the ecstasy loophole. (25 Apr 2015)

[thejournal.ie] The judge who allowed ecstasy and ketamine to be legalised explains why he did it. (11 Mar 2015)

[Irish Examiner] , McDonald, Brian Coroner issues ecstasy warning after two drownings. (13 Dec 2014)

[Independent.ie] , Naughton, Gareth Coroner in warning about 'super-ecstasy' following inquests. (18 Jul 2014)

[Irish Examiner] , Ring, Evelyn Ecstasy abuse linked to spinal artery rupture. (04 Jul 2014)

[independent.ie] , Brady, Tom Death toll from lethal ecstasy tablets rises to 11. (09 Jun 2014)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Ireland has third highest drug-related fatalities. (28 May 2014)

[independent.ie] , Cusack, Jim Home-made drugs are 'driving students to self-harm'. (25 May 2014)

[independent.ie] , Hogan, Louise and Brady, Tom Ten deaths in two years linked to lethal ecstasy, gardai fear. (24 May 2014)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Halloran, Georgina Coroner warns against ‘deadly poison’ ecstasy after fatalities. (09 Apr 2014)

[Irish Examiner] New synthetic ecstasy tablet puts five in hospital. (24 Mar 2014)

[Independent.ie] , Murray, Alan and Reilly, Jerome Cross-border alert over lethal batch of ecstasy after man's death. (29 Dec 2013)

[Independent.ie] , Brady, Tom Explosion in new 'designer drugs' sparks fears for safety of users. (25 Dec 2013)

[Irish Examiner] , Keogh, Elaine ‘Super-ecstasy’ killed young woman. (12 Dec 2013)

[Irish Examiner] , Cahill, Ann Keeping up with legal high market ‘impossible’. (18 Sep 2013)

[Irish Independent] , Cusack, Jim Republicans and loyalists linked to deadly drug. (07 Jul 2013)

[Belfast Telegraph] , Alexander, Stephen Warning over contaminated Ecstasy. (04 Jul 2013)

[Irish Examiner] , Lally, Conor Seizure of banned synthetic drugs in post reaches all-time high. (01 Jul 2013)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Revellers warned of new drug’s dangers. (24 Jun 2013)

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac €3m ecstasy haul is the biggest in nine years. (06 Jun 2013)

[Irish Examiner] , Moore, Ollie Irish scientists leading street drug research. (30 Apr 2013)

[rte.ie] HSE in warning to drug users over powder form of ecstasy. (12 Sep 2012)

[RTE News] Sinn Féin wants refocus on drugs crisis. (16 Nov 2011)

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. [United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime] UNODC: Amphetamine-type stimulants ranked world's second most used drug after cannabis. (13 Sep 2011)