European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2019) Drugs in syringes from six European cities: results from the ESCAPE project 2017. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
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This report presents the results of an innovative method for gathering information on the substances used by people who inject drugs. In this pilot study, chemical analysis of the contents of used syringes collected from exchange sites reveals the drugs and drug combinations injected in the six participating European cities (Amsterdam, Budapest, Glasgow, Helsinki, Lausanne and Paris). This approach can provide local and timely information that can be used for city-level monitoring and interventions.
Table of contents
◦ESCAPE at a glance
◦Study rationale and methods
◦Detected drugs
◦Polydrug use
◦Reuse and sharing of syringes
◦Adulteration
◦Limitations
◦Key issues
◦Conclusion
◦ESCAPE network
◦References
◦Appendices
B Substances > Sedatives, hypnotics or tranquillisers (CNS depressants) > Benzodiazepine
B Substances > CNS stimulants > Amphetamines
B Substances > CNS stimulants > MDMA / Ecstasy > Ecstasy
B Substances > Cocaine
B Substances > Opioids (opiates)
B Substances > Opioids (opiates) > Heroin
G Health and disease > Substance use disorder > Multiple substance use (Poly-drug /Poly-substance)
G Health and disease > Substance use disorder > Drug use disorder
T Demographic characteristics > Person who injects drugs (Intravenous / injecting)
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