Article

Nguyen, Hai V and McGinty, Emma E and Mital, Shweta and Alexander, G Caleb (2024) Recreational and medical cannabis legalization and opioid prescriptions and mortality. JAMA Health Forum , 5 , (1) .

Sue, Kimberly L and Hawk, Kathryn (2024) Editorial. Clinical considerations for the management of xylazine overdoses and xylazine-related wounds. Addiction , 119 , (4) , pp. 606-608.

Dahan, Albert and Franko, Thomas S and Carroll, James W and Craig, David S and Crow, Callie and Galinkin, Jeffrey L and Garrity, Justin C and Peterson, Joanne and Rausch, David B (2024) Fact vs. fiction: naloxone in the treatment of opioid-induced respiratory depression in the current era of synthetic opioids. Frontiers in Public Health , 12 .

Casillas, Shannon M and Pickens, Cassandra M and Tanz, Lauren J and Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M (2024) Estimating the ratio of fatal to non-fatal overdoses involving all drugs, all opioids, synthetic opioids, heroin or stimulants, USA, 2010-2020. Injury Prevention , 30 , (2) , pp. 114-124.

Salgueiro-Gonzalez, Noelia and Béen, Frederic and Bijlsma, Lubertus and Boogaerts, Tim and Covaci, Adrian and Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio and Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara and Matias, João and Ort, Christoph and Bodík, Igor and Heath, Ester and Styszko, Katarzyna and Emke, Erik and Hernández, Félix and van Nuijs, Alexander L N and Castiglioni, Sara (2024) Influent wastewater analysis to investigate emerging trends of new psychoactive substances use in Europe. Water Research , 254 .

Griffiths, Paul N and Seyler, Thomas and De Morais, Joanna M and Mounteney, Jane E and Sedefov, Roumen S (2023) Editorial. Opioid problems are changing in Europe with worrying signals that synthetic opioids may play a more significant role in the future. Addiction , Early online .

Eastwood, Niamh and Schlossenberg, Shayla S (2023) The illegal drugs market is changing-is the UK prepared? BMJ , 383 , p. 2421.

O'Donnell, Julie and Tanz, Lauren J and Miller, Kimberly D and Dinwiddie, Amanda T and Wolff, Jessica and Mital, Sasha and Obiekwe, Rochelle (2023) Drug overdose deaths with evidence of counterfeit pill use — United States, July 2019–December 2021. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 72 , (35) , pp. 949-956.

van Amsterdam, Jan and Burgess, Nicholas and van den Brink, Wim (2023) Legal approaches to new psychoactive substances: first empirical findings. European Addiction Research , 29 , (5) , pp. 363-372.

Gagnon, Marilou and Rudzinski, Katherine and Guta, Adrian and Schmidt, Rose A and Kryszajtys, David T and Kolla, Gillian and Strike, Carol (2023) Impact of safer supply programs on injection practices: client and provider experiences in Ontario, Canada. Harm Reduction Journal , 20 .

Russell, Cayley and Law, Justine and Bonn, Matthew and Rehm, Jürgen and Ali, Farihah (2022) The increase in benzodiazepine-laced drugs and related risks in Canada: the urgent need for effective and sustainable solutions. International Journal of Drug Policy , 111 .

Shafi, Abu and Berry, Alex J and Sumnall, Harry and Wood, David M and Tracy, Derek K (2022) Synthetic opioids: a review and clinical update. Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology , 12 .

Di Trana, Annagiulia and Berardinelli, Diletta and Montanari, Eva and Berretta, Paolo and Basile, Giuseppe and Huestis, Marilyn A and Busardò, Francesco Paolo (2022) Molecular insights and clinical outcomes of drugs of abuse adulteration: new trends and new psychoactive substances. International Journal of Molecular Sciences , 23 , (23) .

Mohr, Amanda L A and Logan, Barry K and Fogarty, Melissa F and Krotulski, Alex J and Papsun, Donna M and Kacinko, Sherri L and Huestis, Marilyn A and Ropero-Miller, Jeri D (2022) Reports of adverse events associated with use of novel psychoactive substances, 2017–2020: a review. Journal of Analytical Toxicology , 46 , (6) , e116-e185.

Dasgupta, Nabarun and Figgatt, Mary C (2022) Invited commentary: Drug checking for novel insights into the unregulated drug supply. American Journal of Epidemiology , 191 , (2) , pp. 248-252.

Herlinger, Katherine and Lingford-Hughes, Anne (2022) Opioid use disorder and the brain: a clinical perspective. Addiction , 17 , (2) , pp. 495-505.

Barenholtz, Elan and Krotulski, Alex J and Morris, Paul and Fitzgerald, Nicole D and Le, Austin and Papsun, Donna M and Logan, Barry K and Hahn, William E and Goldberger, Bruce A and Cottler, Linda B and Palamar, Joseph J (2021) Online surveillance of novel psychoactive substances (NPS): monitoring Reddit discussions as a predictor of increased NPS-related exposures. International Journal of Drug Policy , 98 .

Seyler, Thomas and Giraudon, Isabelle and Noor, André and Mounteney, Jane and Griffiths, Paul (2021) Is Europe facing an opioid epidemic: what does European monitoring data tell us? European Journal of Pain , 25 , (5) , pp. 1072-1080.

Fattore, Liana and Marti, Matteo and Mostallino, Rafaela and Castelli, Maria Paola (2020) Sex and gender differences in the effects of novel psychoactive substances. Brain Sciences , 10 , (9) .

Strang, John and McDonald, Rebecca and Campbell, Gabrielle and Degenhardt, Louisa and Nielsen, Suzanne and Ritter, Alison and Dale, Ola (2019) Take-home naloxone for the emergency interim management of opioid overdose: the public health application of an emergency medicine. Drugs , 79 , (13) .

Millar, Sean (2018) New estimates of problem opiate use in Ireland. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 64, Winter 2018 .

Morton, Sarah and O'Brien Green, Sioban (2017) Club Health Dublin 2017: conference overview and highlights. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 63, Autumn 2017 , pp. 15-16.

Galvin, Brian (2013) Annual review of the drug situation in Europe. Drugnet Ireland , Issue 46, Summer 2013 , pp. 5-6.

Report

Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. (2024) Acyl piperazine opioids, Including 2-Methyl-AP-237. London: Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs.

Spencer, Merianne Rose and Garnett, Matthew F and Miniño, Arialdi M (2024) Drug overdose deaths in the United States, 2002–2022. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.

United Kingdom. Home Office. (2024) 001/2024: The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2024 and The Misuse of Drugs and Misuse of Drugs (Designation) (England and Wales and Scotland) (Amendment and Revocation) Regulations 2024. London: Home Office.

Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2024) Ireland: national report for 2023 – drugs. Dublin: Health Research Board.

HSE National Clinical Lead for Addiction Services, National Red Alert Group. (2024) Synthetic opioid preparedness. Fact sheet for medical care providers. Dublin: HSE drugs.ie.

Piot, Alexandre (2024) Naloxone: legal challenges and opportunities for life saving intervention. Oregan: Centre for Evidence Based Policy.

Harm Reduction International. (2023) Global state of harm reduction: 2023 update to key data. London: Harm Reduction International.

National Poisons Information Service. (2023) National Poisons Information Service report 2022 to 2023. London: UK Health Security Agency.

Cranstoun. (2023) Synthetic opioids: a whole system response to a public health emergency. Esher: Cranstoun.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2023) Current NPS threats volume VI. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2023) European drug report 2023: trends and developments. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Greater Manchester Combined Authority, Manchester Metropolitan University. (2023) Greater Manchester: testing and research on emergent and new drugs no.2. 2022 monitoring cycle full report. Manchester: Manchester Metropolitan University.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2023) World drug report 2023. New York: United Nations.

WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. (2023) WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence forty-fifth report. Geneva: World Health Organization.

Gibbs, Blair and Workman, Ryan and Kiefer, Jake and Canlas, Chosen (2023) Canada’s health crisis: profiling opioid addiction in Alberta & British Columbia. Stanford: Stanford Network on Addiction Policy.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2023) Manufacture of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors 2021. New York: United Nations.

Viskari, Inari and Tammi, Tuukka (2023) Guidelines and recommendations on national synthetic opioid preparedness in European countries. The Netherlands: SO-PREP.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2023) UN convention decisions 1961 - 2022. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

RADAR. (2022) A guide to common drug names in Scotland. Edinburgh: Public Health Scotland.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2022) Current NPS threats: volume V. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2022) New psychoactive substances: 25 years of early warning and response in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

International Narcotics Control Board. (2022) Precursors and chemicals frequently used in the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances 2021. Vienna: United Nations.

World Health Organization. (2022) WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence: forty-fourth report. Geneva: World Health Organization.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2021) UNODC Synthetic drug strategy 2021-2025. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

Public Health England. (2021) Drug Harms Assessment and Response Team. Quarterly summary for professionals: May 2021. London: Public Health England.

Toronto's Drug Checking Service. (2021) What's in Toronto's drug supply? Results from samples checked by Toronto's drug checking service January 1 - December 31, 2020. Toronto: Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation.

International Narcotics Control Board. (2021) Narcotic drugs: estimated world requirements for 2021. New York: United Nations.

Viskari, Inari and Tammi, Tuukka (2021) An assessment of national synthetic opioid preparedness in five countries: Belgium, Estonia, Finland, Germany, and the Netherlands. The Netherlands: SO-PREP.

Viskari, Inari and Tammi, Tuukka (2021) Report on good practices of synthetic opioid preparedness, and needs and challenges in EU Member States. The Netherlands: SO-PREP.

Viskari, Inari and Tammi, Tuukka (2021) Report on EU good practices of generic health emergency preparedness protocols. The Netherlands: SO-PREP.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2020) Global synthetic drugs assessment 2020. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2020) European drug report 2020: key issues summary. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Drug Enforcement Administration, U.S. Department of Justice. (2020) Drugs of abuse: a DEA resource guide. Washington DC: Drug Enforcement Administration, U.S. Department of Justice.

Pardo, Bryce and Jirka, Taylor and Caulkins, Jonathan P and Kilmer, Beau and Reuter, Peter and Stein, Bradley D (2019) The future of fentanyl and other synthetic opioids. Santa Monica: RAND Corporation.

Public Health England. (2018) Guidance for local areas on planning to deal with fentanyl or another potent opioid. London: Public Health England.

Abdulrahim, Dima and Bowden-Jones, Owen (2018) The misuse of synthetic opioids: harms and clinical management of fentanyl, fentanyl analogues and other novel synthetic opioids. Information for clinicians. London: NEPTUNE.

Laboratory and Scientific Section, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2013) The challenge of new psychoactive substances. A report from the Global SMART Programme. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

Webpage

Center for Forensic Science Research & Education. (2024) Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) trend reports. URL: https://www.cfsre.org/nps-discovery/trend-reports

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Europol. (2024) EU drug markets analysis: key insights for policy and practice. URL: https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/eu-drug-...

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2023) UNODC Early warning advisory (EWA) on new psychoactive substances (NPS). URL: https://www.unodc.org/LSS/Home/NPS

International Narcotics Control Board. (2023) Global Opioids Project: Fentanyl, opioids and benzodiazepines with no known legitimate uses. URL: https://www.incb.org/incb/en/opioids_project/fenta...

WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. (2023) Expert Committee on Drug Dependence information repository. URL: https://ecddrepository.org/en

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2023) Spotlight on… Fentanils and other new opioids. URL: https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/spotlights/fentanils-...

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2023) United Nations toolkit on synthetic drugs. URL: https://syntheticdrugs.unodc.org/

Trimbos Instituut. (2022) SO-PREP project. URL: https://so-prep-project.eu/

Public Health England. (2021) Preventing and reducing drug-related harm collection. URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/preventi...

FactSheet

HRB National Drugs Library. (2023) Factsheet: New psychoactive substances (NPS) - the Irish situation. Dublin: HRB National Drugs Library.

Audio

Society for the Study of Addiction. Calder, Robert (2024) Addiction audio. Season 2, 2024. London: Society for the Study of Addiction.

Dataset

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2024) Data from the UNODC early warning advisory on new psychoactive substances.

News

[Irish Examiner] , O'Keeffe, Cormac Irish drug gangs among 800 groups threatening EU security. (08 Mar 2024)

[Irish Times] , Gallagher, Conor Frontline gardaí to be equipped with overdose reversal drug as part of pilot project. (05 Jan 2024)

[RTE News] , Burnhill, Eleanor Increase in synthetic drugs led to multiple overdoses last year, says HSE. (04 Jan 2024)

The Centre for Forensic Science Research & Education. [CSFRE] US public alerts: synthetic opioids. (22 Dec 2021)

[RTE Brainstorm] , Windle, James How a Taliban ban on opium could affect the Irish drugs market. (19 Aug 2021)

[EMCDDA] EMCDDA: resurgence of cocaine in a dynamic drug market. (07 Jun 2018)

[Irish Times] , Gallagher, Conor Forensic scientists detect 27 new recreational drugs. (17 May 2017)