BACKGROUND: On January 31, 2023, the Canadian province of British Columbia launched a 3-year pilot initiative decriminalizing the possession of up to 2.5 g of select illegal drugs. This qualitative study explores how police officers understand and perceive the decriminalization policy goals.

METHODS: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 active-duty police officers covering all 5 of BC's regional health authorities. The interview guide encouraged participant-led discussion of policy goals and perceived priorities. Data were analyzed using a hybrid approach combining deductive and inductive thematic analysis.

FINDINGS: Officers generally viewed the policy as conceptually sound but questioned its underlying assumptions and expressed skepticism about the mechanisms through which its goals could be achieved in practice. Participants emphasized the need for concurrent investments in health and social services to meaningfully reduce drug-related deaths. Key policy elements, such as the distribution of health resource cards, were widely perceived as ineffective or tokenistic. Views on stigma reduction were mixed, with some officers expressing concern about the normalization of drug use and endorsing a role for prosocial shame.

CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the need for coordinated health services investments and anti-stigma training. Ongoing engagement between policy makers and police is critical to support policy implementation and mitigate premature conclusions about the policy's effectiveness.