BACKGROUND: The treatment of alcohol and other drugs (AOD)-related issues is an essential skill for all general practitioners (GPs). The ongoing harm and significant burden of disease experienced by people who use AOD, as well as the impact of this on their families and communities, displays the need for engagement and upskilling in this clinical area.

OBJECTIVE: Provide GPs with a clear and practical approach to supporting patients who use AOD.

DISCUSSION: Historically, AOD use has been associated with shame, societal judgement and a punitive treatment approach. These factors have been shown to adversely affect treatment outcomes, including a significant delay to, and low engagement with, treatment. An approach focusing on rapport and the therapeutic alliance is best practice and incorporates a strengths-based approach of whole-person, trauma-informed care and motivational interviewing to support behaviour change.