This paper is based on the analysis of the Probation Service’s Drugs and Alcohol Survey 2011, conducted on 1 April 2011. The survey was completed by supervising Probation Officers based on their own knowledge or the file content of their caseloads. The results demonstrate the significance of drug and alcohol misuse as key criminogenic risk factors and targets for intervention. The study further highlights the need to carry out research consistently on drug and alcohol misuse1 among adult offenders on probation consistently for the purposes of identifying trends to construct evidence-based policies to combat misuse.