This report explores the multifaceted nexus between health and tourism within the WHO European Region, emphasizing the importance of sustainable tourism management for public health. It highlights the significant impacts of the coronavirus disease pandemic on tourism economies and health systems, underscoring the need for resilience, sustainability and inclusivity in future tourism development. The report discusses how tourism can promote health and well-being through stress reduction, physical activity and health tourism, while also addressing health risks such as infectious diseases, injuries and violence. It emphasizes the crucial role of robust health systems, international agreements and emergency preparedness in ensuring the health and well-being of tourists and host communities. The report also advocates inclusive and accessible tourism that removes barriers and promotes equity – particularly for women, Indigenous communities and individuals with disabilities. Ultimately, sustainable tourism development is presented as a driver for health and wellbeing, benefiting both tourists and local communities through nature-based solutions and balanced growth.

P.51 An estimated 80% of NCDs could be prevented or delayed, according to the NCD Alliance (298). Travellers with the pre-existing health conditions listed in report Box 12 are advised to consult a specialist before travel. Preventable, common risk factors underlie many NCDs, including modifiable behaviours such as tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and harmful use of alcohol (Box 13 and Box 14). These lead to physiological changes (such as raised blood pressure, overweight and obesity, raised blood glucose, and raised cholesterol) that increase NCD risk (299–302). In the WHO European Region, NCDs account for nearly 75% of deaths (303). Alongside young and older people, pregnant and breastfeeding women, and people with disabilities, those with underlying health conditions are strongly recommended to prepare before travel (177)....