Stevens, Alex and Agnew-Pauley, Winifred and Bacon, Matthew and Glasspoole-Bird, Helen and Hendrie, Nadine and Hughes, Caitlin Elizabeth and Llyod, Charlie and Monaghan, Mark and Smith, Rivka and Sutton, Charlie and Williams, Emma and Quinton, Paul (2026) Cascading constraint and subsidiary discretion: perspectives on police discretion from police-led drug diversion and stop and search in England. British Journal of Criminology, 66, (2), pp. 448-466. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azaf050.
External website: https://academic.oup.com/bjc/advance-article/doi/1...
This article explores how discretion is managed and exercised across senior, middle, and street levels of policing. It uses qualitative data from two studies in England. The first, a study across three police force areas, involved interviews and focus groups with 221 people who were designers, deliverers, and recipients of police-led drug diversion. The second study used 354 hours of ethnographic observation and 21 interviews to examine stop-and-search practices in one other police force. Rather than a simply expanding scope of discretion at lower levels of the hierarchy, the findings reveal a multi-level process of cascading constraints and subsidiary discretion. At each level, we observe the exercise of occupational professionalism and autonomous judgement, but higher-level constraints shape how discretion is applied in pursuit of organizational professionalism.
J Health care, prevention, harm reduction and treatment > Identification and screening > Identification and screening for substance use
MM-MO Crime and law > Crime > Substance related crime
MM-MO Crime and law > Criminal penalty / sentence
MM-MO Crime and law > Justice and enforcement system
MM-MO Crime and law > Justice system > Justice / enforcement agency > Police (Garda)
T Demographic characteristics > Person who commits a criminal offence (offender)
VA Geographic area > Europe > United Kingdom or Great Britain > England
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