This miniguide is one of a larger set, which together comprise Health and social responses to drug problems: a European guide. It provides an overview of the most important aspects to consider when planning or delivering health and social responses for older people using drugs, and reviews the availability and effectiveness of the responses. It also considers implications for policy and practice.

Europe overall has an ageing population and people over the age of 40 make up an increasing share of those with an opioid problem. This is reflected in the increasing age of those in drug treatment and those dying from opioid overdoses. The problematic use of other drugs, for example benzodiazepines, is increasingly also causing concern. In older people who use opioids, the physical ageing process may be accelerated by the cumulative effects of polydrug use and poor health over many years. These individuals may also be more susceptible to infection, overdose and suicide. In addition, their social networks may be reduced because of premature death and stigma, which can further increase social exclusion and isolation from families. Stigma may also act as a barrier to help-seeking...