Home > Minimization of childhood maltreatment is common and consequential: results from a large, multinational sample using the childhood trauma questionnaire.

MacDonald, Kai and Thomas, Michael L and Sciolla, Andres F and Schneider, Beacher and Pappas, Katherine and Bleijenberg, Gijs and Bohus, Martin and Bekh, Bradley and Carpenter, Linda and Carr, Alan and Dannlowski, Udo and Dorahy, Martin and Fahlke, Claudia and Finzi-Dottan, Ricky and Karu, Tobi and Gerdner, Arne and Glaesmer, Heide and Grabe, Hans Jörgen and Heins, Marianne and Kenny, Dianna T and Kim, Daeho and Knoop, Hans and Lobbestael, Jill and Lochner, Christine and Lauritzen, Grethe and Ravndal, Edle and Riggs, Shelley and Sar, Vedat and Schäfer, Ingo and Schlosser, Nicole and Schwandt, Melanie L and Stein, Murray B and Subic-Wrana, Claudia and Vogel, Mark and Wingenfeld, Katja (2016) Minimization of childhood maltreatment is common and consequential: results from a large, multinational sample using the childhood trauma questionnaire. PLoS ONE, 11, (1), e0146058.

External website: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.137...

Childhood maltreatment has diverse, lifelong impact on morbidity and mortality. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) is one of the most commonly used scales to assess and quantify these experiences and their impact. Curiously, despite very widespread use of the CTQ, scores on its Minimization-Denial (MD) subscale-originally designed to assess a positive response bias-are rarely reported. Hence, little is known about this measure. If response biases are either common or consequential, current practices of ignoring the MD scale deserve revision.

Therewith, we designed a study to investigate 3 aspects of minimization, as defined by the CTQ's MD scale: 1) its prevalence; 2) its latent structure; and finally 3) whether minimization moderates the CTQ's discriminative validity in terms of distinguishing between psychiatric patients and community volunteers. Archival, item-level CTQ data from 24 multinational samples were combined for a total of 19,652 participants. Analyses indicated: 1) minimization is common; 2) minimization functions as a continuous construct; and 3) high MD scores attenuate the ability of the CTQ to distinguish between psychiatric patients and community volunteers.

Overall, results suggest that a minimizing response bias-as detected by the MD subscale-has a small but significant moderating effect on the CTQ's discriminative validity. Results also may suggest that some prior analyses of maltreatment rates or the effects of early maltreatment that have used the CTQ may have underestimated its incidence and impact. We caution researchers and clinicians about the widespread practice of using the CTQ without the MD or collecting MD data but failing to assess and control for its effects on outcomes or dependent variables.


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