C-EHRN Focal Points. Bellows, C and Rigoni, R (2026) Full spectrum harm reduction in Europe. Specific populations, service integration, and peer involvement. Civil Society Monitoring of Harm Reduction in Europe 2025. Amsterdam: Correlation – European Harm Reduction Network. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21280489.
Full spectrum harm reduction recognises that an individual’s experiences of drug use and drug-related harms are shaped by broader social and structural conditions, and that these conditions affect people differently depending on their lived experiences and social identities. By contrasting the unique risks and barriers experienced by different groups with the availability of various tailored harm reduction services throughout 42 European cities, this report identifies current gaps in care that leave many needs unmet.
B Substances > Substances in general
J Health care, prevention, harm reduction and treatment > Harm reduction > Substance use harm reduction
J Health care, prevention, harm reduction and treatment > Health related issues > Health information and education > Communicable / infectious disease control > Safe sex / sexual health
L Social psychology and related concepts > Interpersonal interaction and group dynamics > Social support > Peer support or coaching
MM-MO Crime and law > Public order offence / social code crime > Prostitution / sex-work
MM-MO Crime and law > Crime and violence > Crime against persons (assault / abuse) > Sexual violence
MP-MR Policy, planning, economics, work and social services > Labour and work > Employment and unemployment
T Demographic characteristics > Homosexual, gay, bisexual, lesbian, transgender, LGBTQ+
T Demographic characteristics > Homeless / unhoused person
VA Geographic area > Europe
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