Recommendations:

• Considering the rapidly changing regulatory landscape, emerging research, and continued controversy, the American Society of Addiction Medicine recommends:
• That all substances and behaviors involved with addiction, including nicotine, be included in the medical care plan of treatment in all treatment settings.
• That the FDA accelerate and intensify the regulation of e-cigarettes and e-fluids as tobacco products including ingredients and delivery systems to include specified nicotine concentration and standardized manufacturing techniques. 
• That the FDA's enforcement of the 21-year-old minimum age for purchase of e-cigarettes be closely monitored to ensure compliance.  Advertising campaigns discouraging e-cigarette use by youth should be disseminated to complement the FDA’s efforts to enforce this age requirement.
• That taxes be applied to e-cigarettes comparable to other tobacco products. Tax revenue obtained from these sources should be earmarked for public health prevention and treatment efforts.
• That e-cigarette flavors be prohibited unless a flavor has been demonstrated to help current tobacco users to stop smoking, will not lead non-tobacco users to start, and does not increase risk of harm from using the product.
• That the FDA create specific rules to continuously monitor and limit marketing tactics, particularly those that target children and young people, including flavors and cartoon themes, etc.
• That the use of e-cigarettes be prohibited in places defined by statute or regulation as tobacco-free environments.
  That there be continued and increased research into the long-term potential for harms from the use of e-cigarettes and the component parts of their delivery system.
• That research be expanded and accelerated on the potential for e-cigarettes, in particular  for those who have not been able to quit or not interested in quitting, to be used as a potential tool in the treatment for nicotine/tobacco use and especially addiction involving nicotine, or as a component of a comprehensive harm reduction strategy.