This guidance note is a tool that can be used by UN agencies and development partners that have a role and an interest in health, development and humanitarian support to support mainstreaming and elevating health and well-being into the United Nations Sustainable Development Framework process. It details evidence, explains the reasons why we should prioritize and invest and health and well-being, and outlines what the specific health priorities are and how partners can collaborate better. The leading causes of the main NCDs are known and involve a few common behavioural risk factors, principally tobacco use, alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet and insufficient physical activity. 

P. 20 Box 6. Impact of addressing risk factors: example of tobacco control

The United Nations Development Programme and WHO have worked together extensively through conducting investment cases globally that aim to strengthen a whole-of-government approach to tobacco and its development consequences. Both organizations have worked with the Secretariat of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in the FCTC 2030 project to create investment cases for tobacco control in countries to reduce the social, economic and environment burdens of tobacco. Investing in tobacco control is a stated priority of the Government of Armenia and the investment case for Armenia analysed the health and economic costs of tobacco use and the potential outcomes and impacts from scaling up implementation of the WHO FCTC measures. It measured the costs and benefits in health and economic terms of implementing seven priority tobacco control measures.

• Increase cigarette taxation to reduce the affordability of tobacco products (WHO FCTC Article 6)
• Enforce bans on smoking in all public places to protect people from tobacco smoke (WHO FCTC Article 8)
• Mandate that large graphic health warnings cover at least 50% of tobacco packaging (WHO FCTC Article 11)
• Implement plain packaging (WHO FCTC Article 11 (Guidelines for implementation) and Article 13)
• Promote and strengthen public awareness about tobacco control issues and the harms of tobacco use through mass media information campaigns (WHO FCTC Article 12)
• Enforce a comprehensive ban on all forms of tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (WHO FCTC Article 13)
• Support reducing tobacco dependence and cessation by training health professionals to provide brief advice to quit smoking (WHO FCTC Article 14).....