Mixed RCT evidence generally supports the use of psychosocial interventions for people who misuse alcohol or drugs.

Moderate‐certainty evidence shows that psychosocial interventions probably result in a small reduction in frequency of alcohol misuse at both 6 and 12 months, compared with less intensive or usual care.

Moderate‐certainty evidence does not support the use of psychosocial interventions for reducing the frequency of drug misuse at 6 months but shows small benefit at 12 months, compared with less intensive or usual care. Low‐certainty evidence suggests that integrated parenting interventions may result in a small to moderate reduction in frequency of drug misuse at both 6 and 12 months, compared with less intensive or usual care.