A frequently raised question by addiction medicine practitioners around the world is that how recent advancements in different fields of Brain and Cognition Studies (BCS) - from molecular neuroscience to cognitive science - can help them improve their daily practice in prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of addictive disorders. Indeed, although there is a significant body of evidence from BCS about substance use and non-substance-related addictive disorders, the impact of this evidence on the daily practice of addiction medicine is minimal and yet to be established. The Neuroscience Interest Group of the International Society for Addiction Medicine (ISAM-NIG) believes that we need an orchestrated international effort to bring together pieces of basic and clinical evidence from BCS in order to develop a roadmap from bench to bedside and policy. We also need consensus and guidelines on how to bring currently available evidence to different dimensions of clinical practices ranging from prevention to recovery.