Behavioral prevention interventions such as in‐person or telephone counseling do not appear to improve continued abstinence at or before delivery and for variable periods after delivery when compared with treatment as usual, advice, or self‐help booklets among women who quit smoking when they became pregnant or were not smoking at four weeks postpartum. However, we cannot draw firm conclusions as trial quality is uncertain due to failure to report information on blinding and randomization.

For effects of relapse prevention in other populations, see CCA 2614 (for hospitalized patients), 2615 (for adults who quit smoking alone), and 2616 (for adults who quit smoking after receiving assistance).