In 2018, a total of 3,865 blood and urine specimens were analysed for alcohol and/or drugs. There was a signifi cant increase in the number of samples being forwarded to the Bureau for analysis for the second year running since the implementation of the Road Traffi c Act 2016, which introduced Preliminary Drug Testing by An Garda Síochána and per se level testing for cannabis, cocaine and heroin. p. 9