The Task Force on Fiscal Policy for Health came together in 2018 to draw attention to the role that fiscal policies can play in the global dialogue on development, health, and domestic revenue mobilization. In particular, we find that large excise taxes on tobacco, alcohol, and sugary beverages are essential to reaching the targets set by the Sustainable Development Goals related to ensuring healthy lives, ending poverty, and promoting full and productive employment. Such taxes can also contribute to domestic revenue mobilization as highlighted for the case of tobacco taxes in theAddis Ababa Action Agenda.