The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the EMCDDA released a joint risk assessment on wound botulism among people who inject heroin in Norway and the United Kingdom in February 2015. At the time of publication, a total of 23 cases of wound botulism had been reported in the two countries. The source of infection was thought to be a batch of contaminated heroin.

Table of contents
• Main conclusions and options for action
• Disease background information
• Event background information
• ECDC/EMCDDA joint threat assessment for the EU/EEA
• Conclusions and options for action