<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . . "Evaluating drug policy: a seven-step guide to support the commissioning and managing of evaluations."^^ . "2017-10" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Evaluating drug policy: a seven-step guide to support the commissioning and managing of evaluations. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_Evaluating_policy.pdf"^^ . . . "Evaluating drug policy: a seven-step guide to support the commissioning and managing of evaluations. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Evaluating drug policy: a seven-step guide to support the commissioning and managing of evaluations. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Evaluating drug policy: a seven-step guide to support the commissioning and managing of evaluations. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Evaluating drug policy: a seven-step guide to support the commissioning and managing of evaluations. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Evaluating drug policy: a seven-step guide to support the commissioning and managing of evaluations. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27536 \n\nEvaluating drug policy: a seven-step guide to support the commissioning and managing of evaluations.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "Research organization and management"@en . . . "Research and evaluation"@en . . . "International aspects"@en . . "Online policy and practice briefings: Older people with problematic opioid use."^^ . "People over the age of 40 make up an increasing share of those with an opioid problem in Europe. This is reflected in the increasing age of those in drug treatment and those dying of opioid overdoses.\r\n\r\nIn this group of older opioid users, the physical ageing process may be accelerated by the cumulative effects of polydrug use, overdose and infections over many years. Older people with opioid problems have higher rates of degenerative disorders, circulatory and respiratory problems, pneumonia, breathlessness, diabetes, hepatitis and liver cirrhosis than their peers and younger people who use drugs. They may also be more susceptible to infection, overdose and suicide.\r\n\r\nIn addition, their social networks may be reduced because of premature death and stigma, which can further increase social exclusion and isolation from families. The stigma and shame of still using drugs may also act as a barrier to help-seeking."^^ . "2017-10" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #28073 \n\nOnline policy and practice briefings: Older people with problematic opioid use.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Elderly / Older person" . . . "Europe"@en . . "Drug treatment expenditure: a methodological overview, EMCDDA Insights 24."^^ . "2017-10" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug treatment expenditure: a methodological overview, EMCDDA Insights 24. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Drug treatment expenditure a methodological overview EMCDDA Insights 24.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug treatment expenditure: a methodological overview, EMCDDA Insights 24. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drug treatment expenditure: a methodological overview, EMCDDA Insights 24. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug treatment expenditure: a methodological overview, EMCDDA Insights 24. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug treatment expenditure: a methodological overview, EMCDDA Insights 24. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug treatment expenditure: a methodological overview, EMCDDA Insights 24. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #28010 \n\nDrug treatment expenditure: a methodological overview, EMCDDA Insights 24.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Economic aspects of drugs and alcohol (cost / pricing)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Health and social responses to drug problems: a European guide."^^ . "2017-10" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Health and social responses to drug problems: a European guide. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "TI_PUBPDF_TD0117699ENN_PDFWEB_20171009153649.pdf"^^ . . . "Health and social responses to drug problems: a European guide. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Health and social responses to drug problems: a European guide. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Health and social responses to drug problems: a European guide. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Health and social responses to drug problems: a European guide. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Health and social responses to drug problems: a European guide. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #28040 \n\nHealth and social responses to drug problems: a European guide.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Research and evaluation"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA)."^^ . "2017-09" . . . "Joint Reports, Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "emcddareport.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27881 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)isobutyramide (4-fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl; 4F-iBF)."^^ . "2017-09" . . . "Joint Reports, Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)isobutyramide (4-fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl; 4F-iBF). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "52017.4967_TDAS17007ENN_PDFWEB.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)isobutyramide (4-fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl; 4F-iBF). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)isobutyramide (4-fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl; 4F-iBF). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)isobutyramide (4-fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl; 4F-iBF). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)isobutyramide (4-fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl; 4F-iBF). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)isobutyramide (4-fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl; 4F-iBF). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27887 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)isobutyramide (4-fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl; 4F-iBF).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide (tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl; THF-F)."^^ . "2017-09" . . . "Joint Reports, Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide (tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl; THF-F). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "32017.4968_TDAS17008ENN_PDFWEB.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide (tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl; THF-F). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide (tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl; THF-F). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide (tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl; THF-F). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide (tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl; THF-F). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide (tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl; THF-F). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27884 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide (tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl; THF-F).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-{[1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-MDMB-PINACA; 5F-ADB)."^^ . "2017-09" . . . "Joint Reports, Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-{[1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-MDMB-PINACA; 5F-ADB). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "62017.4963_TDAS17003ENN_PDFWEB.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-{[1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-MDMB-PINACA; 5F-ADB). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-{[1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-MDMB-PINACA; 5F-ADB). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-{[1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-MDMB-PINACA; 5F-ADB). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-{[1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-MDMB-PINACA; 5F-ADB). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-{[1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-MDMB-PINACA; 5F-ADB). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27888 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-{[1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-MDMB-PINACA; 5F-ADB).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl)."^^ . "2017-07" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "JOINT_REPORT_furanylfentanyl_web.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27514 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Pharmacology and toxicology " . . . "risk factors" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2016 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA."^^ . "2017-07" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2016 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "PDFWEB.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2016 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2016 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2016 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2016 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2016 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27643 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol 2016 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Pharmacology and toxicology " . . . "Public health"@en . . . "Illegal drug possession (seizures)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Ireland, country drug report 2017."^^ . "This report presents the top-level overview of the drug phenomenon in Ireland, covering drug supply, use and public health problems as well as drug policy and responses. The statistical data reported relate to 2015 (or most recent year) and are provided to the EMCDDA by the national focal point, unless stated otherwise."^^ . "2017-07" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Ireland, country drug report 2017. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Ireland, Country Drug Report 2017.pdf"^^ . . . "Ireland, country drug report 2017. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Ireland, country drug report 2017. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland, country drug report 2017. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland, country drug report 2017. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland, country drug report 2017. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27404 \n\nIreland, country drug report 2017.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol poisoning (overdose)"@en . . . "Communicable disease"@en . . . "risk factors" . . . "Needle distribution and exchange"@en . . . "Prison-based health service"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "European drug report 2017 trends and developments."^^ . "2017-06" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European drug report 2017 trends and developments. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "European_Drug_Report_2017_FINAL.pdf"^^ . . . "European drug report 2017 trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2017 trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2017 trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2017 trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2017 trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27401 \n\nEuropean drug report 2017 trends and developments.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "risk-taking behaviour" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "risk factors" . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe."^^ . "2017-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "POD_Synthetic cannabinoids_0.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27398 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study."^^ . "2017-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "POD_Wastewater analysis.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27397 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Identification and screening" . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis resin market."^^ . "2017-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis resin market. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "POD_Cannabis resin market.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis resin market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis resin market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis resin market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis resin market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis resin market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27400 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis resin market.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: preventing overdose deaths in Europe."^^ . "2017-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "POD_Preventing overdose deaths.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27399 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: preventing overdose deaths in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol poisoning (overdose)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA Best practice portal."^^ . "The Best practice portal is a resource for professionals, policymakers and researchers in the areas of drug-related prevention, treatment, harm reduction and social reintegration. The portal concentrates on illicit drugs and polydrug use and has a clear European focus. It is continuously updated as information and research on interventions emerges.\r\n\r\nYou can find the latest evidence (what works and what doesn't work) - guidelines, standards and tools (instruments and questionnaires).\r\n\r\n‘Best practice is the best application of available evidence to current activities in the drugs field.\r\n•\tunderlying evidence should be relevant to the problems and issues affecting those involved(professionals, policymakers, drug users, their families);\r\n•\tmethods should be transparent, reliable and transferable and all appropriate evidence should be considered in the classification process;\r\n•\texperience in implementation, adaptation and training should be systematically collected and made available;\r\n•\tcontextual factors should be studied by modelling different prevalence levels so as to assess the impact of an intervention on the population; and\r\n•\tevidence of effectiveness and feasibility of implementation should both be considered for the broader decision-making process.'"^^ . "2017-05" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #15311 \n\nEMCDDA Best practice portal.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Treatment outcome"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Prevention outcome" . . . "Prevention approach"@en . . . "Health care delivery" . . . "Health care quality control" . . . "Information transfer from research to practice"@en . . . "Recommendations or guidelines"@en . . . "Research outcome"@en . . . "Drug or health care worker"@en . . . "Doctor" . . . "Nurse" . . . "Prevention worker" . . . "Social worker" . . "Legal approaches to drugs and driving."^^ . "Drug use can reduce the ability to drive a motor vehicle safely on the public road. European countries have developed various legal mechanisms to address this issue, using laws on road traffic or on drug control. This topic overview briefly describes the national laws in EU Member States and Norway, along with EU legislation, on drugs and driving. Here you can find out for each country whether the legal provisions exist in drug control laws or road traffic laws, the substances addressed, the levels of penalties, any blood-drug or impairment levels established, and whether drivers can be stopped and tested at any time or if the police require some form of suspicion beforehand."^^ . "2017-05" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #27293 \n\nLegal approaches to drugs and driving.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drug use and driving"@en . . . "Transportation safety laws (driving)"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . "Monitoring hospital emergencies and acute drug toxicity in Europe: Euro-DEN Plus network expands reach by welcoming eight new centres"^^ . "Data from hospital emergency departments show that every year in Europe thousands of individuals experience drug-related toxicity and other harms, resulting in emergency presentations to hospital (1). Supported by the EU drugs agency (EMCDDA), the European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN Plus) monitors drug-related emergency presentations across Europe to provide unique insight into acute health harms related to drug use (2). In the course of 2017, the network will be expanding its reach by collecting data from new hospital ‘sentinel’ centres in eight European cities........."^^ . "2017-03-09" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #26990 \n\nMonitoring hospital emergencies and acute drug toxicity in Europe: Euro-DEN Plus network expands reach by welcoming eight new centres\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol poisoning (overdose)"@en . . . "emergency care" . . . "Hospital"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Communities That Care (CTC): a comprehensive prevention approach for communities."^^ . "Community coalitions are a strategy to coordinate activities and resources to prevent adolescent substance use and delinquent behaviour. They can help mobilise communities in prevention and health promotion initiatives.\r\n\r\nThe Communities That Care (CTC) approach sets out to reduce adolescent health and behaviour problems. It does so by identifying strong risk factors and weak protective factors experienced by this group and then selecting tested and effective prevention and early intervention programmes to address them.\r\n\r\nIn this EMCDDA Paper we make an analysis of five studies evaluating the effectiveness of CTC, mainly from outside the EU. The results of our analysis lead us to conclude that further investigation of this prevention model within the European context appears to be merited."^^ . "2017-03" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Communities That Care (CTC): a comprehensive prevention approach for communities. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCCDA_Communities_That_Care.pdf"^^ . . . "Communities That Care (CTC): a comprehensive prevention approach for communities. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Communities That Care (CTC): a comprehensive prevention approach for communities. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Communities That Care (CTC): a comprehensive prevention approach for communities. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Communities That Care (CTC): a comprehensive prevention approach for communities. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Communities That Care (CTC): a comprehensive prevention approach for communities. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #26931 \n\nCommunities That Care (CTC): a comprehensive prevention approach for communities.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Prevention outcome" . . . "Prevention programme or service"@en . . . "Community-based prevention"@en . . . "Community involvement"@en . . . "Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person)"@en . . . "Prevention worker" . . "Report on the risk assessment of methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "This publication presents the data and findings of the risk assessment on methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA), carried out by the extended Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA on 22 July 2016. MDMB-CHMICA is the first synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist to be risk-assessed by the EMCDDA. On the basis of the Risk Assessment Report — and on the initiative of the European Commission — on 27 February 2017, the Council decided that MDMB-CHMICA should be subject to control measures across the Member States.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tForeword\r\n•\tEMCDDA actions on monitoring and responding to new drugs\r\n•\tEMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on MDMB-CHMICA — a summary\r\n•\tRisk Assessment Report on a new psychoactive substance: MDMB-CHMICA\r\n•\tAnnex 1: Technical report on MDMB-CHMICA\r\n•\tCouncil Decision on subjecting MDMB-CHMICA to control measures\r\n•\tParticipants of the risk assessment meeting"^^ . "2017-03" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_risk_assessment_of_methyl 2.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27035 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Cannabis legislation in Europe: an overview."^^ . "2017-03" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Cannabis legislation in Europe: an overview. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "TD0217210ENN.pdf"^^ . . . "Cannabis legislation in Europe: an overview. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Cannabis legislation in Europe: an overview. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Cannabis legislation in Europe: an overview. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Cannabis legislation in Europe: an overview. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Cannabis legislation in Europe: an overview. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27071 \n\nCannabis legislation in Europe: an overview.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package."^^ . "2017-03" . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Survey-EFSQ.pdf"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Manual-EFSQ.pdf"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Limesurvey-manual-online-EFSQ.pdf"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27079 \n\nEuropean Facility Survey Questionnaire (EFSQ) package.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health care programme or facility"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment unit"@en . . . "Community-based treatment (primary care)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA Programming document 2017–19."^^ . "The EMCDDA Single Programming Document (SPD) for the period 2017–19, which includes the 2017 work programme, is the first work programme to be implemented under the new EMCDDA Strategy 2025. Priority in 2017 will be given to improving core monitoring tasks and to operating the EU Early Warning System under a new regulation on new psychoactive substances, which is expected to enter into force in the course of the year.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tForeword by the Director\r\n•\tMission statement\r\n•\tSection I: General context\r\n•\tSection II: Multiannual programming 2017–19\r\n•\tSection III: Work programme 2017\r\n•\tAnnexes"^^ . "2017-02" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA Programming document 2017–19. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Programming document 2017.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Programming document 2017–19. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Programming document 2017–19. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Programming document 2017–19. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Programming document 2017–19. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Programming document 2017–19. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #26919 \n\nEMCDDA Programming document 2017–19.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Information use and impact"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl)."^^ . "2017-02" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "PUBPDF_TDAS17001ENN_PDFWEB_20170221105322.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #26890 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol substance by legal status"@en . . . "Illegal drug possession (seizures)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . "Healthy nightlife toolbox."^^ . "Hosted by the EMCDDA (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction), the Healthy Nightlife Toolbox (HNT) is an international initiative that focuses on the reduction of harm from alcohol and drug use among young people. Alcohol and drug use are linked to health and safety problems. Commonly this substance use takes place in recreational settings, which makes nightlife an important setting for prevention measures.\r\n\r\nThe Healthy Nightlife Toolbox is a website designed for local, regional and national policy makers and prevention workers, to help reduce harm from alcohol and drug use in nightlife settings. The core of the online Toolbox is comprised of three databases: evaluated interventions, literature on these interventions, and other literature within the field of nightlife alcohol and drug prevention. The HNT Info sheet summarises the available knowledge on creating a healthy and safe nightlife."^^ . "2017-01" . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Healthy nightlife toolbox. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Nightlife--Infosheet.pdf"^^ . . . "Healthy nightlife toolbox. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Healthy nightlife toolbox. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Healthy nightlife toolbox. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Healthy nightlife toolbox. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Healthy nightlife toolbox. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #26725 \n\nHealthy nightlife toolbox.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Social context"@en . . . "Context of initiation of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Context encouraging drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "International aspects"@en . . . "Drug supply reduction: an overview of EU policies and measures."^^ . "2017-01" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug supply reduction: an overview of EU policies and measures. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Emcdda.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug supply reduction: an overview of EU policies and measures. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug supply reduction: an overview of EU policies and measures. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug supply reduction: an overview of EU policies and measures. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug supply reduction: an overview of EU policies and measures. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug supply reduction: an overview of EU policies and measures. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #26686 \n\nDrug supply reduction: an overview of EU policies and measures.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Organised crime"@en . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Supply reduction policy"@en . . . "International aspects"@en . . . "Drug trafficking penalties across the European Union: a survey of expert opinion. Technical report."^^ . "The results of a study on national drug trafficking laws and their application in the Member States of the European Union are presented in this report. It is based on an analysis of the national laws and on the opinions of legal practitioners — judges, prosecutors and defence lawyers — from 26 countries. The penalties set out in national laws for trafficking cannabis, amphetamine, cocaine and heroin are compared with the sentencing outcomes expected by the legal practitioners, including penalties imposed and the estimated time likely to be spent in prison.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tDrug trafficking penalties — an introduction\r\n•\tNational legislative context\r\n•\tExpected practice in drug trafficking scenarios\r\n•\tDiscussion\r\n•\tConclusion"^^ . "2017-01" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug trafficking penalties across the European Union: a survey of expert opinion. Technical report. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_Trafficking-penalties.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug trafficking penalties across the European Union: a survey of expert opinion. Technical report. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drug trafficking penalties across the European Union: a survey of expert opinion. Technical report. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug trafficking penalties across the European Union: a survey of expert opinion. Technical report. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug trafficking penalties across the European Union: a survey of expert opinion. Technical report. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug trafficking penalties across the European Union: a survey of expert opinion. Technical report. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #26668 \n\nDrug trafficking penalties across the European Union: a survey of expert opinion. Technical report.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Drug offence"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Criminal penalty"@en . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA strategy 2025."^^ . "2017" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA strategy 2025. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_STRATEGY_2025_web-1.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA strategy 2025. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA strategy 2025. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA strategy 2025. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA strategy 2025. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA strategy 2025. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27111 \n\nEMCDDA strategy 2025.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Programme planning (strategy)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "High-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances."^^ . "2017" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "High-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "High-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances.pdf"^^ . . . "High-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "High-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "High-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "High-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "High-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27407 \n\nHigh-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "CNS stimulants"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence."^^ . "2017" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "POD_Drug consumption rooms.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #27396 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Needle sharing"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Needle distribution and exchange"@en . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drug markets and crime."^^ . "2017" . . . "Health Research Board"^^ . . . . "Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drug markets and crime. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRdrug market_crime2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drug markets and crime. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drug markets and crime. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drug markets and crime. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drug markets and crime. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drug markets and crime. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25286 \n\nIreland: national report for 2016 - drug markets and crime.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Crime"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Supply reduction policy"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drugs."^^ . "2017" . . . "Health Research Board"^^ . . . . "Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRDrugsworkbook2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25521 \n\nIreland: national report for 2016 - drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - harms and harm reduction."^^ . "2017" . . . "Health Research Board"^^ . . . . "Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - harms and harm reduction. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRHarms and harmreduction2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - harms and harm reduction. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - harms and harm reduction. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - harms and harm reduction. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - harms and harm reduction. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - harms and harm reduction. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25259 \n\nIreland: national report for 2016 - harms and harm reduction.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol poisoning (overdose)"@en . . . "Communicable disease"@en . . . "HIV infection"@en . . . "Hepatitis C"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "HIV prevention"@en . . . "Harm reduction policy"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prevention."^^ . "2017" . . . "Health Research Board"^^ . . . . "Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prevention. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRprevention2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25264 \n\nIreland: national report for 2016 - prevention.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Tobacco smoke (cigarette law / policy)"@en . . . "Universal prevention"@en . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Prevention approach"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prison."^^ . "2017" . . . "Health Research Board"^^ . . . . "Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prison. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRPrison2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prison. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prison. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prison. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prison. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - prison. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25265 \n\nIreland: national report for 2016 - prison.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "risk-taking behaviour" . . . "Drug use"@en . . . "Health care delivery" . . . "Prison-based health service"@en . . . "Prison"@en . . . "Prison Inmate (prisoner)"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - treatment."^^ . "2017" . . . "Health Research Board"^^ . . . . "Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - treatment. (PDF)"^^ . . . "NRTreatment2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 - treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25261 \n\nIreland: national report for 2016 - treatment.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol replacement method (substitution)"@en . . . "Residential facility"@en . . . "Community-based treatment (primary care)"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – drug policy."^^ . "2017" . . . "Health Research Board"^^ . . . . "Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – drug policy. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRDrug policy2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – drug policy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – drug policy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – drug policy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – drug policy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – drug policy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25262 \n\nIreland: national report for 2016 – drug policy.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Government and politics"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Financial management"@en . . . "Programme planning (strategy)"@en . . . "Economic policy"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – legal framework."^^ . "2017" . . . "Health Research Board"^^ . . . . "Health Research Board. Irish National Focal Point to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – legal framework. (PDF)"^^ . . . "NRLegal framework.pdf"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – legal framework. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – legal framework. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – legal framework. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – legal framework. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Ireland: national report for 2016 – legal framework. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25263 \n\nIreland: national report for 2016 – legal framework.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol substance by legal status"@en . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol laws"@en . . . "Criminal penalty"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . "National drug-related public expenditure online resource."^^ . "This is the first set of national profiles that the EMCDDA has produced on drug-related public expenditure. The profiles are based on the sections on public expenditure provided by the 27 EU Member States, Croatia, Turkey and Norway in the national reports. Information given in the replies to the 2011 structured questionnaire on ‘Drug policy, evaluation and coordination’ and the available literature on this topic have also been reviewed and incorporated.\r\n\r\nThese profiles aim to provide information on four main topics for each country. First, whether governments have allocated specific budgets to drug policy documents; second, the latest and most comprehensive estimate of national public spending on drug-related activities as a percentage of GDP; third, the evolution of drug-related public expenditure over time; and fourth, what can be expected from national estimates of drug-related public expenditure in the near future."^^ . "2016-12" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #18983 \n\nNational drug-related public expenditure online resource.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Health care economics"@en . . . "Economic policy"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network."^^ . "2016-11" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Drug related infectious diseases.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #26418 \n\nDrug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Disease transmission factor"@en . . . "Communicable disease"@en . . . "HIV infection"@en . . . "Hepatitis C"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: legislation and prosecution — current challenges and solutions."^^ . "2016-11" . . . . "EMCDDA–Eurojust joint publication, Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction and Eurojust"^^ . . . . . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: legislation and prosecution — current challenges and solutions. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NPS.pdf"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: legislation and prosecution — current challenges and solutions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: legislation and prosecution — current challenges and solutions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: legislation and prosecution — current challenges and solutions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: legislation and prosecution — current challenges and solutions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: legislation and prosecution — current challenges and solutions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #26385 \n\nNew psychoactive substances in Europe: legislation and prosecution — current challenges and solutions.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "How can contingency management support treatment for substance use disorders? A systematic review."^^ . "2016-10" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "How can contingency management support treatment for substance use disorders? A systematic review. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Treatment.pdf"^^ . . . "How can contingency management support treatment for substance use disorders? A systematic review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "How can contingency management support treatment for substance use disorders? A systematic review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "How can contingency management support treatment for substance use disorders? A systematic review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "How can contingency management support treatment for substance use disorders? A systematic review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "How can contingency management support treatment for substance use disorders? A systematic review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #26213 \n\nHow can contingency management support treatment for substance use disorders? A systematic review.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "International aspects"@en . . "Hospital emergency presentations and acute drug toxicity in Europe — update from the Euro-DEN Plus research group and the EMCDDA."^^ . "This rapid communication provides an update on drug related hospital emergency presentations in Europe with a specific focus on the latest results for acute drug toxicity presentations to the European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN). \r\n\r\nThis report is primarily based on presentations and discussions at a two-day meeting of the Euro-DEN Plus network in Lisbon on 7 and 8 April 2016. The meeting provided a platform for the presentation of new analyses from the Euro-DEN dataset, and further development and analyses of the Euro-DEN project were also discussed. Data presented here relate to analysis of acute drug toxicity presentations to the 16 original sentinel centres in the Euro-DEN network for the first two years of data collection (October 2013 to September 2015). This review also includes highlights from the new findings discussed during the meeting and consideration of the further development of the work of the Euro-DEN network and the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) in this field."^^ . "2016-08" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Hospital emergency presentations and acute drug toxicity in Europe — update from the Euro-DEN Plus research group and the EMCDDA. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_Hospital_emergency.pdf"^^ . . . "Hospital emergency presentations and acute drug toxicity in Europe — update from the Euro-DEN Plus research group and the EMCDDA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Hospital emergency presentations and acute drug toxicity in Europe — update from the Euro-DEN Plus research group and the EMCDDA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Hospital emergency presentations and acute drug toxicity in Europe — update from the Euro-DEN Plus research group and the EMCDDA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Hospital emergency presentations and acute drug toxicity in Europe — update from the Euro-DEN Plus research group and the EMCDDA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Hospital emergency presentations and acute drug toxicity in Europe — update from the Euro-DEN Plus research group and the EMCDDA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25938 \n\nHospital emergency presentations and acute drug toxicity in Europe — update from the Euro-DEN Plus research group and the EMCDDA.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol poisoning (overdose)"@en . . . "emergency care" . . . "Hospital"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2015 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA."^^ . "This report presents the key activities performed by the EMCDDA and Europol in 2015, with details on all the relevant activities in support of the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA on the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new psychoactive substances, including new psychoactive substances notified in 2015, Joint Reports produced, risk assessments conducted and public health alerts and advisories issued.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n◦Overview\r\n◦Implementation arrangements and cooperation with the European Union Pharmacovigilance system\r\n◦Core activities\r\n◦Conclusions \r\n◦Publications \r\n◦Annex 1\r\n◦Annex 2"^^ . "2016-07" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2015 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol_2015_Decision_2005387JHA.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2015 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2015 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2015 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2015 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2015 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25780 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol 2015 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Prevention through information and education"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Hepatitis C among drug users in Europe: epidemiology, treatment and prevention."^^ . "Hepatitis C among drug users in Europe: epidemiology, treatment and prevention provides a timely contribution to raising awareness of the hepatitis C epidemic in Europe and the opportunities now opening up to tackle this problem decisively. A state of the art review of the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Europe and an overview of the way preventive measures are currently implemented in European countries set the scene. International experts address the treatment of HCV infection among people who inject drugs, with an emphasis on how we encourage uptake and deliver effective outcomes. Implementation issues are also explored, as are the complementary roles of treatment and prevention. The new medicines and treatment regimens driving the transformation in the HCV treatment landscape are reviewed in detail. The challenges of scaling up HCV treatment and successfully involving drug using patients is explored from different viewpoints, including that of the drug user.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tForeword\r\n•\tExecutive summary\r\n•\tAcknowledgements\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tChapter 1: Hepatitis C virus infection among people who inject drugs\r\n•\tChapter 2: Treatment of hepatitis C virus infection among people who inject drugs\r\n•\tChapter 3: Strategies to improve hepatitis C care and to enhance treatment uptake and adherence\r\n•\tChapter 4: Hepatitis C prevention among people who inject drugs\r\n•\tChapter 5: Antiviral medications for hepatitis C virus infection\r\n•\tChapter 6: Scaling up hepatitis C treatment\r\n•\tChapter 7: A framework for evaluating scale up of hepatitis C virus treatment as prevention for people who inject drugs\r\n•\tConclusions"^^ . "2016-07" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Hepatitis C among drug users in Europe: epidemiology, treatment and prevention. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_Hepatitis_C_among_drug_users.pdf"^^ . . . "Hepatitis C among drug users in Europe: epidemiology, treatment and prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Hepatitis C among drug users in Europe: epidemiology, treatment and prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Hepatitis C among drug users in Europe: epidemiology, treatment and prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Hepatitis C among drug users in Europe: epidemiology, treatment and prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Hepatitis C among drug users in Europe: epidemiology, treatment and prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25896 \n\nHepatitis C among drug users in Europe: epidemiology, treatment and prevention.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Viral disease"@en . . . "Hepatitis C"@en . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP)."^^ . "2016-07" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP). (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_risk_assessment_a-pvp.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25849 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA)."^^ . "2016-07" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "joint report.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25763 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Organised crime"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Health responses to new psychoactive substances."^^ . "While prevalence levels of NPS use remain low in the general European population, there are important concerns with more problematic forms of use and harms. This short report provides an overview of the current situation in terms of NPS use and harms across Europe and reviews the available health- and drug-related interventions in that area.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tExecutive summary\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tSchool and family settings\r\n•\tNightlife settings\r\n•\tSexual health settings\r\n•\tEmergency and clinical services\r\n•\tSpecialised treatment settings\r\n•\tLow-threshold settings\r\n•\tPrisons and custodial settings\r\n•\tInternet and digital devices as platforms for the delivery of health responses and interventions\r\n•\tConclusion\r\n•\tConsultation participants\r\n•\tProject examples"^^ . "2016-06" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Health responses to new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_Health_responses_to_new_psychoactive_drugs.pdf"^^ . . . "Health responses to new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Health responses to new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Health responses to new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Health responses to new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Health responses to new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25726 \n\nHealth responses to new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "State of health"@en . . . "Health care delivery" . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence."^^ . "Supervised drug consumption facilities, where illicit drugs can be used under the supervision of trained staff, have been operating in Europe for the last three decades. These facilities primarily aim to reduce the acute risks of disease transmission through unhygienic injecting, prevent drug-related overdose deaths and connect high-risk drug users with addiction treatment and other health and social services.\r\n\r\nPart of the Perspectives on Drugs (PODs) series, launched as part of the European Drug Report package, these designed-for-the-web interactive analyses provide deeper insights into a selection of important issues."^^ . "2016-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMDDDA_Drug consumption rooms_update 2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24050 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Needle sharing"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Needle distribution and exchange"@en . . . "Harm reduction policy"@en . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: health responses to new psychoactive substances."^^ . "The emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) over the last decade has posed a major challenge to drug policy. While the limited available data indicates that prevalence levels of NPS use are relatively low in the general European population, there are concerns around more problematic forms of use and harms in particular drug using populations. A number of public health concerns have arisen as a consequence of their use, although the real extent of these harms across Europe remains unknown. Initial responses to NPS availability in Europe have largely been regulatory, focusing on their supply using legislative tools but, as the phenomenon evolves, it has increasingly become a priority to formulate and implement effective public health responses. This analysis takes a look at some of the key risk groups among which NPS are being used and the health responses currently being employed across various intervention settings.\r\n\r\nPart of the Perspectives on Drugs (PODs) series and launched to mark the International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking on June 26 2016, these designed-for-the-web interactive analyses provide deeper insights into a selection of important issues. This POD is based on an in-depth EMCDDA report on ‘Health responses to new psychoactive substances’."^^ . "2016-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: health responses to new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_NPS health responses_POD2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: health responses to new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: health responses to new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: health responses to new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: health responses to new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: health responses to new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25851 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: health responses to new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "State of health"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-l]acetamide (acetylfentanyl),"^^ . "Acetylfentanyl belongs to the phenylpiperidine class of synthetic opioids. This class also includes fentanyl which is controlled under the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 (Schedule I). Structurally, acetylfentanyl differs from fentanyl by one methyl group (-CH3). Commonly used names: acetylfentanyl or acetyl fentanyl.\r\n\r\nIn total, 78 seizures (15) have been reported to the EMCDDA by seven Member States and Norway: Belgium (4 seizures), Finland (5), France (2), Germany (1), Poland (2), Sweden (62), the United Kingdom (1), and Norway (1).\r\n\r\nCase-level data for 40 serious adverse events (19) associated with acetylfentanyl were reported to the EMCDDA by four Member States (Germany, Poland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom). These cases comprised 8 acute intoxications and 32 deaths."^^ . "2016-06" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-l]acetamide (acetylfentanyl), (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_Acetylfentanyl.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-l]acetamide (acetylfentanyl), (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-l]acetamide (acetylfentanyl), (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-l]acetamide (acetylfentanyl), (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-l]acetamide (acetylfentanyl), (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-l]acetamide (acetylfentanyl), (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25646 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-l]acetamide (acetylfentanyl),\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "General report of activities 2015 — Key achievements and governance: a year in review."^^ . "2016-06" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "General report of activities 2015 — Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "General Report of Activities.pdf"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2015 — Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2015 — Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2015 — Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2015 — Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2015 — Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25669 \n\nGeneral report of activities 2015 — Key achievements and governance: a year in review.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "European drug report 2016: trends and developments."^^ . "2016-05" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European drug report 2016: trends and developments. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Final_EDR_report.pdf"^^ . . . "European drug report 2016: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European drug report 2016: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2016: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2016: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2016: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25579 \n\nEuropean drug report 2016: trends and developments.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "risk-taking behaviour" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "risk factors" . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis\r\nresin market."^^ . "2016-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis\r\nresin market. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Cannabis resin market_POD2016 (2).pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis\r\nresin market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis\r\nresin market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis\r\nresin market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis\r\nresin market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis\r\nresin market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25582 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: changes in Europe’s cannabis \nresin market.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: cocaine trafficking to Europe."^^ . "2016-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: cocaine trafficking to Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Cocaine trafficking_POD2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: cocaine trafficking to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: cocaine trafficking to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: cocaine trafficking to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: cocaine trafficking to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: cocaine trafficking to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25583 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: cocaine trafficking to Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: strategies to prevent diversion of opioid substitution treatment medications."^^ . "2016-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: strategies to prevent diversion of opioid substitution treatment medications. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "OST medications_POD2016.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: strategies to prevent diversion of opioid substitution treatment medications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: strategies to prevent diversion of opioid substitution treatment medications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: strategies to prevent diversion of opioid substitution treatment medications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: strategies to prevent diversion of opioid substitution treatment medications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: strategies to prevent diversion of opioid substitution treatment medications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25585 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: strategies to prevent diversion of opioid substitution treatment medications.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Methadone"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol replacement method (substitution)"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Recent changes in Europe’s MDMA/ecstasy market. EMCDDA rapid communication."^^ . "2016-05" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Recent changes in Europe’s MDMA/ecstasy market. EMCDDA rapid communication. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "RecentchangesinEuropeMDMA.pdf"^^ . . . "Recent changes in Europe’s MDMA/ecstasy market. EMCDDA rapid communication. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Recent changes in Europe’s MDMA/ecstasy market. EMCDDA rapid communication. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Recent changes in Europe’s MDMA/ecstasy market. EMCDDA rapid communication. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Recent changes in Europe’s MDMA/ecstasy market. EMCDDA rapid communication. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Recent changes in Europe’s MDMA/ecstasy market. EMCDDA rapid communication. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25469 \n\nRecent changes in Europe’s MDMA/ecstasy market. EMCDDA rapid communication.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "MDMA"@en . . . "Ecstasy"@en . . . "Risk and protective factors"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Drugnet Europe 94."^^ . "Contents:\r\n•\t2016 EU Drug Markets Report \r\n•\tMonitoring illicit drugs in wastewater \r\n•\tUNGASS 2016 \r\n•\tStrengthening early warning on new synthetic opioids \r\n•\tNew EMCDDA products and services \r\n•\tUpcoming ESPAD report \r\n•\tEMCDDA scientific paper award"^^ . "2016-04" . . "April–June" . . "EMCDDA"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drugnet Europe 94. (PDF)"^^ . . . "Drugnet_Europe_94.pdf"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 94. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 94. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 94. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 94. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 94. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25441 \n\nDrugnet Europe 94.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis."^^ . "2016-04" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction and Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EUdrugmarketsreport.pdf"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (PDF)"^^ . . . . "EUStrategic Overview.pdf"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: in-depth analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25357 \n\nEU drug markets report: in-depth analysis.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Organised crime"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Internet retailing (online sales)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater: advances in wastewater-based drug epidemiology."^^ . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater: advances in wastewater-based drug epidemiology reviews a new approach to estimating drug use in populations, based on the detection and quantification of drugs and their metabolic products in community wastewater. Strengths of the wastewater-based approach include avoiding the problems associated with questionnaire-based research, better identification of the drugs being used and being able to provide near-real-time results, with the power to identify trends in drug use patterns, over time and geographically. Novel uses of the approach are explored, such as the early detection of new psychoactive substances on the drug market. The report also looks at the limitations to the approach and how these can be overcome for this new tool to take its place in the drug epidemiologist’s toolkit."^^ . "2016-03" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater: advances in wastewater-based drug epidemiology. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_Insights_22_Wastewater.pdf"^^ . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater: advances in wastewater-based drug epidemiology. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater: advances in wastewater-based drug epidemiology. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater: advances in wastewater-based drug epidemiology. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater: advances in wastewater-based drug epidemiology. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater: advances in wastewater-based drug epidemiology. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25301 \n\nAssessing illicit drugs in wastewater: advances in wastewater-based drug epidemiology.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Identification and screening for drugs and alcohol use" . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "The Internet and drug markets."^^ . "The last decade has seen the emergence of new internet technologies that have acted as important facilitators of online drug markets. The internet now hosts a range of virtual marketplaces (both on the surface and deep web) for selling and buying illicit substances, as well as representing a new arena for health and law enforcement interventions. This first EMCDDA investigation into the world of online drug markets brings together state-of-the-art input from over 20 experts — from academia, journalism and frontline practice — and contributes to the knowledge base on this part of the supply chain.\r\n\r\nThis 2.5 minute video gives a short introduction to the internet and drug markets. The related 'organisation' link below leads to the EMCDDA utube channel, with related videos about drugs and the internet."^^ . "2016-03" . . "EMCDDA"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #25255 \n\nThe Internet and drug markets.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Internet retailing (online sales)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "The internet and drug markets."^^ . "The last decade has seen the emergence of new internet technologies that have acted as important facilitators of online drug markets. The internet now hosts a range of virtual marketplaces (both on the surface and deep web) for selling and buying illicit substances, as well as representing a new arena for health and law enforcement interventions. This first EMCDDA investigation into the world of online drug markets brings together state-of-the-art input from over 20 experts — from academia, journalism and frontline practice — and contributes to the knowledge base on this part of the supply chain."^^ . "2016-02" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "The internet and drug markets. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "drug markets.pdf"^^ . . . "The internet and drug markets. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "The internet and drug markets. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "The internet and drug markets. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "The internet and drug markets. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "The internet and drug markets. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25187 \n\nThe internet and drug markets.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Organised crime"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Internet retailing (online sales)"@en . . . "International aspects"@en . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone."^^ . "2016-01" . . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . "John"^^ . "Strang"^^ . "John Strang"^^ . . "Rebecca"^^ . "McDonald"^^ . "Rebecca McDonald"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Naloxone.pdf"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (PDF)"^^ . . . . "Summary_of_Strang_J_32_findings.pdf"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25045 \n\nPreventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Naloxone"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol poisoning (overdose)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA Strategy and work programme 2016–18: annual work programme 2016."^^ . "The EMCDDA strategy and work programme for 2016–18 and the 2016 annual work programme is based on the EMCDDA’s vision to contribute to a more secure and a healthier Europe. A more proactive approach, combined with a greater emphasis to knowledge transfer, strategic analysis and threat assessment will be the main drivers to achieve this goal.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tForeword by the EMCDDA Director\r\n•\tMission statement \r\n•\tGeneral context: setting the scene \r\n•\tChapter 1: 2016–18 strategy and work programme \r\n•\tChapter 2: 2016 annual work programme \r\n•\tAnnexes"^^ . "2016-01" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA Strategy and work programme 2016–18: annual work programme 2016. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_Work_Programme_2016.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Strategy and work programme 2016–18: annual work programme 2016. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Strategy and work programme 2016–18: annual work programme 2016. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Strategy and work programme 2016–18: annual work programme 2016. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Strategy and work programme 2016–18: annual work programme 2016. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Strategy and work programme 2016–18: annual work programme 2016. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25062 \n\nEMCDDA Strategy and work programme 2016–18: annual work programme 2016.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Programme planning (strategy)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness."^^ . "2016-01" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "ED brief interventions.pdf"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (PDF)"^^ . . . "Fountain_J_6_findings.pdf"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25032 \n\nEmergency department-based brief interventions for individuals with substance-related problems: a review of effectiveness.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Brief intervention"@en . . . "Hospital"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015."^^ . "2016" . . . . . . . . . . "Health Research Board"^^ . . . . "Health Research Board"^^ . . . "Irish National Focal Point to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRDrug policy2015.pdf"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRDrugsworkbook2015.pdf"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRdrug market_crime2015.pdf"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRHarms and harmreduction2015.pdf"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRLegal framework2015.pdf"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRprevention2015.pdf"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRPrison2015.pdf"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NRTreatment2015.pdf"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Focal Point Ireland: national report for 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #26690 \n\nFocal Point Ireland: national report for 2015.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Communicable disease"@en . . . "Universal prevention"@en . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related crime"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Drug offence"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . "Best practice in drug interventions: prescription medicines."^^ . "2015-09-15" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #24510 \n\nBest practice in drug interventions: prescription medicines.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Benzodiazepine"@en . . . "Prescription drug (medicine / medication)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone (α-PVP)."^^ . "In May 2015, the EMCDDA and Europol examined the available information on a new psychoactive substance 1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone, commonly known as α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (α-PVP), through a joint assessment. The two organisations concluded that sufficient information had been accumulated to merit the production of a Joint Report on α-PVP as stipulated by Article 5.1 of the Council Decision.\r\n\r\nα-PVP is a synthetic derivative of the naturally occurring substance cathinone, which is internationally controlled (5), and one of the psychoactive principles in khat (Catha edulis Forsk)."^^ . "2015-09" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone (α-PVP). (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_a_pvp.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone (α-PVP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone (α-PVP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone (α-PVP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone (α-PVP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone (α-PVP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24553 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone (α-PVP).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "CNS stimulants"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Prevention of addictive behaviours."^^ . "This publication is an update of Prevention of substance abuse, published in 2007. Like the previous analysis, it is a translation of a German study that presents a state-of-the-art review of prevention science. Although originally targeted at the German audience, the evidence base addressed is global in its scope. The review is broad in its considerations, covering not only the main topic of drug abuse but also alcohol and tobacco, as well as behavioural addictions, such as gambling.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tForeword to the English version\r\n•\tSummary\r\n•\tChapter 1: Introduction\r\n•\tChapter 2: Methodology\r\n•\tChapter 3: Results\r\n•\tChapter 4: Discussion\r\n•\tReferences / Glossary"^^ . "2015-09" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Johannes"^^ . "Thrul"^^ . "Johannes Thrul"^^ . . "Anneke"^^ . "Buhler"^^ . "Anneke Buhler"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Prevention of addictive behaviours. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Prevention of addictive behaviours.pdf"^^ . . . "Prevention of addictive behaviours. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Prevention of addictive behaviours. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Prevention of addictive behaviours. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Prevention of addictive behaviours. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Prevention of addictive behaviours. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24540 \n\nPrevention of addictive behaviours.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Alcohol"@en . . . "Tobacco smoke (cigarette law / policy)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder relapse prevention method"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Prevention outcome" . . . "Universal prevention"@en . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Prevention programme or service"@en . . . "School-based prevention"@en . . . "Youth-club / cafe based prevention"@en . . . "Sports-based prevention"@en . . . "Community-based prevention"@en . . . "Family-focused prevention"@en . . . "Prevention through information and education"@en . . . "gambling" . . . "Prevention worker" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Germany" . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network."^^ . "2015-09" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "drugrelatedinfectious.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24529 \n\nDrug-related infectious diseases in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Communicable disease"@en . . . "HIV infection"@en . . . "Hepatitis C"@en . . . "risk factors" . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Alternatives to punishment for drug-using offenders."^^ . "Based on the options provided by the international drug control legal framework, this paper considers the rehabilitative measures of treating, educating or reintegrating drug users as alternatives or additions to conviction or punishment that are established in the laws of many countries in Europe today.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tContext and definitions\r\n•\tOverview\r\n•\tCoverage, implementation and common issues\r\n•\tEvaluation\r\n•\tConclusions\r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2015-07" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Alternatives to punishment for drug-using offenders. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_Alternatives_to_punishment.pdf"^^ . . . "Alternatives to punishment for drug-using offenders. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Alternatives to punishment for drug-using offenders. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Alternatives to punishment for drug-using offenders. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Alternatives to punishment for drug-using offenders. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Alternatives to punishment for drug-using offenders. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24320 \n\nAlternatives to punishment for drug-using offenders.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Criminal penalty"@en . . . "Probation or parole"@en . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Court system"@en . . . "Offender" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2014 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA."^^ . "This report presents the key activities performed by the EMCDDA and Europol in 2014, with details on all the relevant activities in support of the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA on the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new psychoactive substances, including new psychoactive substances notified in 2014, Joint Reports produced, risk assessments conducted and public health alerts and advisories issued."^^ . "2015-07" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2014 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "patience.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2014 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2014 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2014 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2014 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2014 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24199 \n\nEMCDDA-Europol 2014 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Drugs policy and the city in Europe."^^ . "Illicit drug problems and responses and the different forms they can take in the city environment are explored in this paper. It addresses four areas: urban spaces and drug use, responses to city-level drug problems, city-level drugs strategies, and the coordination and funding of city-level policies.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tSummary\r\n•\tDrug problems at city level: an introduction\r\n•\tUrban spaces and drug use\r\n•\tBusinesses and recreational drug use\r\n•\tCity-level drugs policies \r\n•\tCoordinating and funding city-level drugs policy\r\n•\tConclusions \r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2015-06" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drugs policy and the city in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_Drugs_policy_and_the_city.pdf"^^ . . . "Drugs policy and the city in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drugs policy and the city in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugs policy and the city in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugs policy and the city in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugs policy and the city in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24173 \n\nDrugs policy and the city in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "urban society"@en . . . "Crime prevention"@en . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: Innovative legal responses."^^ . "This short report provides an overview of how European countries are developing innovative legal responses to the challenges presented to public health and drug policy by the rapidly evolving market for new psychoactive substances.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tThe challenge\r\n•\tThe legal responses\r\n•\tInnovative legal responses\r\n•\tInnovative laws: key elements\r\n•\tConclusion\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tResources"^^ . "2015-06" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: Innovative legal responses. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA_New_Psychoactive_Drugs.pdf"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: Innovative legal responses. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: Innovative legal responses. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: Innovative legal responses. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: Innovative legal responses. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe: Innovative legal responses. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24183 \n\nNew psychoactive substances in Europe: Innovative legal responses.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Legal approaches to controlling new psychoactive substances."^^ . "2015-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Legal approaches to controlling new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Legal.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Legal approaches to controlling new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Legal approaches to controlling new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Legal approaches to controlling new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Legal approaches to controlling new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Legal approaches to controlling new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21975 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Legal approaches to controlling new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Supply reduction policy"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Models for the legal supply of cannabis: recent developments."^^ . "2015-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Models for the legal supply of cannabis: recent developments. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "cannabis.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Models for the legal supply of cannabis: recent developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Models for the legal supply of cannabis: recent developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Models for the legal supply of cannabis: recent developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Models for the legal supply of cannabis: recent developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Models for the legal supply of cannabis: recent developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21982 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Models for the legal supply of cannabis: recent developments.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Drug decriminalisation or legalisation"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: The misuse of benzodiazepines among high-risk opioid users in Europe."^^ . "Benzodiazepines are a widely prescribed group of medicines with a range of clinical uses, including the treatment of anxiety and insomnia and the management of alcohol withdrawal. For a number of reasons this group of medicines are often misused by high-risk opioid users and are associated with morbidity and mortality among this group. This analysis considers the significance of this problem and its impact for the health and drug treatment of opioid users.\r\n\r\nPart of the Perspectives on Drugs (PODs) series, launched as part of the European Drug Report package, these designed-for-the-web interactive analyses provide deeper insights into a selection of important issues."^^ . "2015-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The misuse of benzodiazepines among high-risk opioid users in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . "Misuse of benzos_POD2015.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The misuse of benzodiazepines among high-risk opioid users in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The misuse of benzodiazepines among high-risk opioid users in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The misuse of benzodiazepines among high-risk opioid users in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The misuse of benzodiazepines among high-risk opioid users in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The misuse of benzodiazepines among high-risk opioid users in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24052 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: The misuse of benzodiazepines among high-risk opioid users in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Benzodiazepine"@en . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Prescription drug (medicine / medication)"@en . . . "risk-taking behaviour" . . . "Multiple drugs and alcohol use (Polydrug)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: The role of psychosocial interventions in drug treatment."^^ . "Psychosocial interventions are structured psychological or social interventions used to address substance-related problems. They can be used at different stages of drug treatment to identify the problem, treat it and assist with social reintegration. Psychosocial interventions are used to treat many different types of drug problems and behavioural addictions. This analysis explains what the main psychosocial interventions are and to whom they are provided. \r\n\r\nPart of the Perspectives on Drugs (PODs) series, launched as part of the European Drug Report package, these designed-for-the-web interactive analyses provide deeper insights into a selection of important issues."^^ . "2015-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The role of psychosocial interventions in drug treatment. (PDF)"^^ . . . "Psychosocial interventions_POD2015.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The role of psychosocial interventions in drug treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The role of psychosocial interventions in drug treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The role of psychosocial interventions in drug treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The role of psychosocial interventions in drug treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The role of psychosocial interventions in drug treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24051 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: The role of psychosocial interventions in drug treatment.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Psychosocial treatment method"@en . . . "Brief intervention"@en . . . "Family or marital therapy"@en . . . "Treatment outcome"@en . . . "Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)"@en . . . "Motivational interviewing"@en . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study."^^ . "2015-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "wastewater.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21972 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Wastewater analysis and drugs — a European multi-city study.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Identification and screening" . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: opioid trafficking routes from Asia to Europe."^^ . "Imported heroin has historically been available in Europe in two forms, the most common being brown heroin (its chemical base form), originating mainly in Afghanistan and other countries in south-west Asia. Less common is white heroin (a salt form), which historically came from south-east Asia but is now also produced in Afghanistan and probably in neighbouring Iran and Pakistan. This region, sometimes referred to as the Golden Crescent, dominates production for the European market."^^ . "2015-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: opioid trafficking routes from Asia to Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Opioidtrafficking.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: opioid trafficking routes from Asia to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: opioid trafficking routes from Asia to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: opioid trafficking routes from Asia to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: opioid trafficking routes from Asia to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: opioid trafficking routes from Asia to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24039 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: opioid trafficking routes from Asia to Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Asia"@en . . . "EMCDDA general population survey presentations."^^ . "2015-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . "General population surveys annual expert meeting"^^ . . . . . "Lisbon"^^ . . . . . "HTML Summary of #24258 \n\nEMCDDA general population survey presentations.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Alcohol consumption"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Alcohol"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "European drug report 2015: trends and developments."^^ . "Table of contents\r\n\r\nPreface\r\nIntroductory note and acknowledgements\r\nSummary: Drug market dynamics in Europe: global influences and local differences\r\nChapter 1: Drug supply and the market\r\nChapter 2: Drug use and drug-related problems\r\nChapter 3: Health and social responses to drug problems\r\nAnnex: National data tables"^^ . "2015-06" . . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European drug report 2015: trends and developments. (Microsoft Word)"^^ . . . . "HRB European_Drug_Report_Media brief 2015 _04_June.docx"^^ . . . "European drug report 2015: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European drug report 2015: trends and developments. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EDR2015.pdf"^^ . . . "European drug report 2015: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2015: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2015: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2015: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2015: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24029 \n\nEuropean drug report 2015: trends and developments.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "General treatment method concepts"@en . . . "Universal prevention"@en . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Hepatitis C treatment for injecting drug users."^^ . "Transmitted through the sharing of needles, syringes and other injecting equipment, hepatitis C is the most common infectious disease among injecting drug users in Europe today.In this analysis, the EMCDDA looks at some of the positive advances in treating the disease, including a new generation of medicines.\r\n\r\n1. Analysis\r\n2. Video\r\n3. Facts and figures\r\n4. New medicines"^^ . "2015-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Hepatitis C treatment for injecting drug users. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "hepatitis.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Hepatitis C treatment for injecting drug users. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Hepatitis C treatment for injecting drug users. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Hepatitis C treatment for injecting drug users. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Hepatitis C treatment for injecting drug users. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Hepatitis C treatment for injecting drug users. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21979 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Hepatitis C treatment for injecting drug users.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Hepatitis C"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Injection of synthetic cathinones."^^ . "2015-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Injection of synthetic cathinones. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "injection.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Injection of synthetic cathinones. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Injection of synthetic cathinones. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Injection of synthetic cathinones. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Injection of synthetic cathinones. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Injection of synthetic cathinones. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21967 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Injection of synthetic cathinones.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Synthetic cathinones" . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Preventing overdose deaths in Europe."^^ . "It is estimated that over 70 000 lives were lost to drug overdoses in Europe in the first decade of the 21st Century. Reducing drug-related deaths, therefore, remains a major challenge for public health policy. This analysis describes some of the factors that increase the risk of fatal and non-fatal overdoses and a number of interventions developed to prevent these events.\r\n\r\n1. Analysis\r\n2. Video\r\n3. Facts and figures\r\n4. Peer naloxone"^^ . "2015-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "preventing.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Preventing overdose deaths in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21976 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Preventing overdose deaths in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol poisoning (overdose)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe."^^ . "Synthetic cannabinoids represent the largest group of compounds currently monitored in Europe by the EU Early warning system on new psychoactive substances. Current knowledge on these substances, as well as trends in production, availability and use, are presented in this analysis\r\n\r\n1. Analysis\r\n2. Interactive\r\n3. Facts and figures\r\n4. Synthetic cannabinoid code names"^^ . "2015-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "cannabinoids.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21977 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic drug production in Europe."^^ . "2015-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic drug production in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "synthetic.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic drug production in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic drug production in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic drug production in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic drug production in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Synthetic drug production in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21974 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Synthetic drug production in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Illegal production of drugs"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: The EU drugs strategy (2013–20)."^^ . "2015-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The EU drugs strategy (2013–20). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "strategy.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The EU drugs strategy (2013–20). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The EU drugs strategy (2013–20). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The EU drugs strategy (2013–20). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The EU drugs strategy (2013–20). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: The EU drugs strategy (2013–20). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21980 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: The EU drugs strategy (2013–20).\n\n" . "text/html" . . "Perspectives on drugs: Characteristics of frequent cannabis users with and without dependence."^^ . "2015-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Characteristics of frequent cannabis users with and without dependence. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Characteristics.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Characteristics of frequent cannabis users with and without dependence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Characteristics of frequent cannabis users with and without dependence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Characteristics of frequent cannabis users with and without dependence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Characteristics of frequent cannabis users with and without dependence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Characteristics of frequent cannabis users with and without dependence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24054 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Characteristics of frequent cannabis users with and without dependence.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Treatment of cannabis-related disorders in Europe.EMCDDA insights series no 17."^^ . "2015-04" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Lorenz"^^ . "Kasten"^^ . "Lorenz Kasten"^^ . . "Eva"^^ . "Hoch"^^ . "Eva Hoch"^^ . . "Peter"^^ . "Tossmann"^^ . "Peter Tossmann"^^ . . "Marica"^^ . "Ferri"^^ . "Marica Ferri"^^ . . "Jonathan"^^ . "Schettino"^^ . "Jonathan Schettino"^^ . . "Fabian"^^ . "Leuschner"^^ . "Fabian Leuschner"^^ . . "Roland"^^ . "Simon"^^ . "Roland Simon"^^ . . "Bruno"^^ . "Guarita"^^ . "Bruno Guarita"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Treatment of cannabis-related disorders in Europe.EMCDDA insights series no 17. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Cannabistreatment.pdf"^^ . . . "Treatment of cannabis-related disorders in Europe.EMCDDA insights series no 17. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of cannabis-related disorders in Europe.EMCDDA insights series no 17. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of cannabis-related disorders in Europe.EMCDDA insights series no 17. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of cannabis-related disorders in Europe.EMCDDA insights series no 17. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of cannabis-related disorders in Europe.EMCDDA insights series no 17. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #23823 \n\nTreatment of cannabis-related disorders in Europe.EMCDDA insights series no 17.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015."^^ . "This short report provides an update on new psychoactive substances (NPS) in Europe for 2014. It highlights recent developments, including the growth of the market over the past few years, as illustrated by seizures by law enforcement and other indicators, as well as the growing number of serious harms that are being reported as a result.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tAt a glance\r\n•\tThe market in new psychoactive substances\r\n•\tSynthetic cannabinoids\r\n•\tOpioids\r\n•\tMonitoring and responding to serious harms\r\n•\tSummary"^^ . "2015-03" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA Early warning New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System.pdf"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (PDF)"^^ . . . . "EMCDDA Poster Psychoactive Substance.pdf"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #23567 \n\nNew psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System March 2015.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . "Mortality among drug users in Europe: new and old challenges for public health."^^ . "This paper examines the overall number of lives lost due to drug use. All-cause mortality among problem drug users is investigated by means of cohort studies, which link data from death registries to drug treatment records. Building on earlier work, the paper presents data from nine European countries not previously studied using the same methodology. The study finds that the risk of death among problem drug users is typically 10 or more times that among their peers in the general population. The analysis shows that the deaths of problem drug users are overwhelmingly premature and preventable.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tMethods and data sources\r\n•\tKey findings from recent mortality cohorts in Europe\r\n•\tPublic health perspectives and implications\r\n•\tConclusion\r\n•\tGlossary\r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2015-02" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Mortality among drug users in Europe: new and old challenges for public health. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Mortality among drug users in Europe.pdf"^^ . . . "Mortality among drug users in Europe: new and old challenges for public health. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Mortality among drug users in Europe: new and old challenges for public health. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Mortality among drug users in Europe: new and old challenges for public health. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Mortality among drug users in Europe: new and old challenges for public health. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Mortality among drug users in Europe: new and old challenges for public health. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #23375 \n\nMortality among drug users in Europe: new and old challenges for public health.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Internal statistics code of practice."^^ . "One of the three core principles of the EMCDDA 2013–15 strategy is a commitment to efficiency. This is to be achieved, among others, via an improved quality assurance framework for the statistical procedures employed by the agency. In this light, an EMCDDA Internal statistics code of practice was developed in 2014. The code was drawn up in consultation with the EMCDDA Scientific Committee, the Reitox network and Eurostat, whose European statistics code of practice formed the basis of the work, and adopted by the EMCDDA Management Board.\r\n\r\nThe EMCDDA code establishes a set of principles that provide the agency with guidance and objectives for its own work. It serves as a declaration of the EMCDDA’s intent to pursue a programme of continuous improvement and evaluation of efforts in order to provide ‘factual, objective, reliable and comparable information’. The EMCDDA code, in line with Eurostat’s, is based on 15 principles covering: the institutional environment; statistical production processes; and the output of statistics. A set of statements on good practice for each of the principles provides guidance for the implementation of the code."^^ . "2015-02" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Internal statistics code of practice. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Internal statistics code.pdf"^^ . . . "Internal statistics code of practice. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Internal statistics code of practice. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Internal statistics code of practice. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Internal statistics code of practice. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Internal statistics code of practice. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #23434 \n\nInternal statistics code of practice.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Research organization and management"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Preventing fatal overdoses: a systematic review of the effectiveness of take-home naloxone."^^ . "2015-01" . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #23289 \n\nPreventing fatal overdoses: a systematic review of the effectiveness of take-home naloxone.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Naloxone"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol poisoning (overdose)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Presentations from the Lisbon addictions conference 2015."^^ . "2015" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA Conference on 20 years of monitoring and communicating evidence on drugs"^^ . . . . . "Lisbon"^^ . . . . . "HTML Summary of #24690 \n\nPresentations from the Lisbon addictions conference 2015.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "B Drugs and alcohol substances"@en . "B Drugs and alcohol substances"@en . . . "General treatment method concepts"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "This publication presents the data and findings of the risk assessment on MT-45 (1-cyclohexyl-4-(1, 2-diphenylethyl)piperazine), carried out by the extended Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA on 16 September 2014. The main part of the publication, the Risk Assessment Report, examines the health and social risks of the drug, information on international trafficking and the involvement of organised crime, and the potential implications of subjecting the drug to control measures. On the basis of this report the Council decided on 8 October 2015 that MT-45 should be subject to control measures across the Member States."^^ . "2015" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Emcdda1.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24672 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-dimethylaminorex, 4,4′-DMAR) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "2015" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-dimethylaminorex, 4,4′-DMAR) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA2.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-dimethylaminorex, 4,4′-DMAR) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-dimethylaminorex, 4,4′-DMAR) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-dimethylaminorex, 4,4′-DMAR) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-dimethylaminorex, 4,4′-DMAR) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-dimethylaminorex, 4,4′-DMAR) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #24673 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-dimethylaminorex, 4,4′-DMAR) in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Video: Take-home naloxone programmes in Europe — overdose prevention."^^ . "2014-12-18" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #23190 \n\nVideo: Take-home naloxone programmes in Europe — overdose prevention.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Naloxone"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol poisoning (overdose)"@en . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Financing drug policy in Europe in the wake of the economic recession."^^ . "The economic crisis that Europe experienced in 2008 and later presented a grave challenge to public finances. Countries responded to this by undertaking fiscal consolidation. By examining public expenditure in the areas where most drug-related activities are provided, this report looks at how austerity affected responses to the drugs problem. While the full effect of austerity on drug policy is not yet clear, one of the tentative conclusions is that the countries hardest hit by the recession are the ones in which drug policy is most heavily impacted.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tMethods and analytical approaches\r\n•\tImpact on public spending\r\n•\tImpact on overall expenditure covering drug-related activities\r\n•\tVariation in impact between countries and sectors\r\n•\tImpact on drug-related public expenditure Conclusion\r\n•\tGlossary\r\n•\tAppendix\r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2014-12" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Financing drug policy in Europe in the wake of the economic recession. (PDF)"^^ . . . "Financing drug policy in Europe in the wake of the economic recession.pdf"^^ . . . "Financing drug policy in Europe in the wake of the economic recession. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Financing drug policy in Europe in the wake of the economic recession. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Financing drug policy in Europe in the wake of the economic recession. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Financing drug policy in Europe in the wake of the economic recession. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Financing drug policy in Europe in the wake of the economic recession. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #23115 \n\nFinancing drug policy in Europe in the wake of the economic recession.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health care economics"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Economic policy"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA."^^ . "This report presents the key activities performed by the EMCDDA and Europol in 2013, with details on all the relevant activities in support of the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA on the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new psychoactive substances, including new psychoactive substances notified in 2013, Joint Reports produced, risk assessments conducted and public health alerts and advisories issued."^^ . "2014-07" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "patience.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #22285 \n\nEMCDDA-Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4,4′-DMAR (4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine."^^ . "In February 2014, the EMCDDA and Europol examined the available information on a new psychoactive substance, 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (commonly known by the abbreviation 4,4′-DMAR). The two organisations concluded that sufficient information had been accumulated to merit the production of a Joint Report on 4,4′-DMAR as stipulated by Article 5.1 of the Council Decision.\r\nTable of contents \r\nIntroduction\r\nInformation collection process\r\nInformation required by Article 5.2 of the Council Decision\r\nInformation from the EMA as requested by Article 5.3 of the Council Decision\r\nConclusion\r\nReferences\r\nAnnexes"^^ . "2014-07" . . . "Joint Reports, Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4,4′-DMAR (4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "patience.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4,4′-DMAR (4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4,4′-DMAR (4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4,4′-DMAR (4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4,4′-DMAR (4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4,4′-DMAR (4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #22327 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4,4′-DMAR (4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA."^^ . "As part of the response to new psychoactive substances within the European Union (EU), the Council Decision 2005/387/JHA of 10 May 2005 on the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new psychoactive substances (hereafter 'the Council Decision') established a mechanism for the rapid exchange of information on substances that may pose public health and social threats, including the involvement of organised crime. This provides a legal basis for the institutions of the EU and the Member States to monitor all new narcotic and psychotropic substances that appear on the European drug scene. Where necessary, the Council Decision also provides for an assessment of the risks associated with these new substances, so that control measures deriving from Member States' obligations to the United Nations drug control conventions (1) can also be applied to new psychoactive substances. \r\n\r\nUnder Article 4 of the Council Decision, the EMCDDA and Europol, in close collaboration with their respective expert networks, the Reitox National Focal Points and Europol National Units, are assigned a central role in detecting, notifying and monitoring new psychoactive substances. The information exchange element of the Council Decision has been implemented by the EMCDDA and Europol as the European Union Early Warning System on New Psychoactive Substances (hereafter ‘Early Warning System'). In addition, where necessary, and in cooperation with the European Medicines Agency (EMA), the EMCDDA and Europol may collect, analyse and present information on a new psychoactive substance in the form of a Joint Report (Article 5). This report provides evidence to the Council of the European Union and the European Commission on the need to request a risk assessment on a new psychoactive substance. Such a risk assessment examines the health and social risks posed by a new substance including: the use of, manufacture of, and, traffic in, a new psychoactive substance; the involvement of organised crime; and, the possible consequences of control measures. In order to conduct the risk assessment, the EMCDDA convenes a special meeting under the auspices of its Scientific Committee, extended with additional experts as necessary (Article 6). \r\n\r\nTo ensure transparency in the implementation of the Council Decision, Article 10 stipulates that: \r\n'The EMCDDA and Europol shall report annually to the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission on the implementation of this Decision. The report will take into account all aspects required for an assessment of the efficacy and achievements of the system created by this Decision. The report shall, in particular, include experience relating to coordination between the system set out in this Decision and the Pharmacovigilance system'.’\r\n\r\nIn compliance with Article 10, the EMCDDA and Europol herewith present the eighth such annual report which covers the period 1 January to 31 December 2013. The report outlines the results of the implementation, describes key issues arising from accumulated experiences, and also serves as a monitoring tool. In order to facilitate the reading of the report, the reader is referred to the full text of the Council Decision (2). \r\n\r\nThe report is written as a standalone document. Annex provides the list of new psychoactive substances notified for the first time in 2013. This includes the systematic chemical name, the reporting country, and date of notification for each substance. Further information on these substances is available from the EMCDDA and Europol."^^ . "2014-06" . . . "EMCDDA; Europol"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Europol 2013 annua report.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #22136 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol 2013 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe."^^ . "Several thousands of cocaine-related emergencies are reported in Europe every year, representing a considerable burden on services. In this analysis, the EMCDDA studies the type of cocaine-related problems reported and the potential of using hospital emergency data for monitoring acute problems associated with this drug.\r\n\r\n1. Analysis\r\n2. Video\r\n3. Facts and figures\r\n4. A vignette of typical victims"^^ . "2014-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA POD Emergency consequences of cocaine.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21981 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "State of health"@en . . . "emergency care" . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Health and social responses for methamphetamine users in Europe."^^ . "Methamphetamine is an established stimulant drug in many parts of the world (e.g. South-east Asia, US), where it has long caused major public health problems. While methamphetamine use in Europe has historically been confined to the Czech Republic and Slovakia, new pockets and patterns of use are now emerging elsewhere in the EU, in diverse populations. In this analysis, we look at challenges for the provision of health and social responses related to this drug today.\r\n\r\n1. Analysis\r\n2. Interactive\r\n3. Terms and definitions\r\n4. Forms of methamphetamine"^^ . "2014-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Health and social responses for methamphetamine users in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA POD Methamphetamine.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Health and social responses for methamphetamine users in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Health and social responses for methamphetamine users in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Health and social responses for methamphetamine users in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Health and social responses for methamphetamine users in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Health and social responses for methamphetamine users in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21968 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Health and social responses for methamphetamine users in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Methamphetamine"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Internet-based drug treatment."^^ . "The Internet is now recognised as a plausible vehicle for delivering drug and alcohol education, prevention and treatment programmes in a range of settings. This 'Perspective on drugs' charts developments in Internet-based drug treatment (IBDT), which has expanded in Europe over the past 10 years, and explores some of the benefits it can offer.\r\n\r\n1. Analysis\r\n2. Video\r\n3. Facts and figures\r\n4. Does it work"^^ . "2014-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Internet-based drug treatment. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA POD Internet treatment.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Internet-based drug treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Internet-based drug treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Internet-based drug treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Internet-based drug treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Internet-based drug treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21973 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Internet-based drug treatment.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Alternative medical treatment"@en . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Information technology"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: New developments in Europe's cannabis market."^^ . "Europe has long been one of the world’s largest consumer markets for cannabis, particularly resin imported mainly from Morocco. In this analysis, we report how Europe’s consumer market for cannabis is increasingly dominated by herbal products, with domestic herbal production supplying national markets. It also describes how imported cannabis resin appears to be getting stronger.\r\n\r\n1. Analysis\r\n2. Video\r\n3. Facts and figures\r\n4. Cannabis resin consumption"^^ . "2014-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: New developments in Europe's cannabis market. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA POD Cannabis.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: New developments in Europe's cannabis market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: New developments in Europe's cannabis market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: New developments in Europe's cannabis market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: New developments in Europe's cannabis market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: New developments in Europe's cannabis market. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21971 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: New developments in Europe's cannabis market.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Treatment for cocaine dependence — reviewing current evidence."^^ . "The EMCDDA has carried out a meta-analysis of six reviews examining the effectiveness of medications used in treating cocaine problems. The original reviews, undertaken by the Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Group, involved 92 studies (85 in the US) and over 7 000 participants. This 'Perspective on drugs' shows how some medications can reduce specific symptoms (e.g. cravings), yet no single pharmacological solution has been found for cocaine dependence overall. \r\n\r\n1. Analysis\r\n2. Video\r\n3. Key definitions\r\n4. Psychosocial interventions"^^ . "2014-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Treatment for cocaine dependence — reviewing current evidence. (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA POD Cocaine.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Treatment for cocaine dependence — reviewing current evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Treatment for cocaine dependence — reviewing current evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Treatment for cocaine dependence — reviewing current evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Treatment for cocaine dependence — reviewing current evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Treatment for cocaine dependence — reviewing current evidence. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21970 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Treatment for cocaine dependence — reviewing current evidence.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder drug therapy"@en . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "European drug report 2014: trends and developments."^^ . "How many new drugs were detected in Europe over the last year? Is cannabis getting stronger? How many Europeans have ever used an illicit drug? What are the latest drug policy developments in the region? These are just some of the questions explored in the European Drug Report: Trends and developments. This report provides a top-level overview of the long-term drug-related trends and developments at European level, while homing in on emerging problems in specific countries. Such a perspective is valuable, as it allows differing national experiences to be understood within the broader European context.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tPreface\r\n•\tIntroductory note and acknowledgements\r\n•\tSummary: Charting the public health impact of drugs in a changing European market\r\n•\tChapter 1: Drug supply\r\n•\tChapter 2: Drug use and drug-related problems\r\n•\tChapter 3: Health and social responses to drug problems\r\n•\tChapter 4: Drug policies\r\n•\tAnnex: National data tables"^^ . "2014-05" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European drug report 2014: trends and developments. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA drug report 2014.pdf"^^ . . . "European drug report 2014: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European drug report 2014: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2014: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2014: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European drug report 2014: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21957 \n\nEuropean drug report 2014: trends and developments.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Public health"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "This report presents the data and findings of the risk assessment on the new psychoactive substance, 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one, that was conducted by the Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA. Concerns over this stimulant drug in the European Union led to an assessment of the health and social risks posed by the substance in April 2014.\r\n\r\nMDPV is a ring-substituted synthetic derivative of cathinone chemically related to pyrovalerone, both of which are subject to control under the 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances. MDPV has potent cocaine-like stimulant properties."^^ . "2014-05" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Risk assessment MDPV RAR_with annexes.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21953 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "CNS stimulants"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "This report presents the data and findings of the risk assessment on the new psychoactive substance, 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone, that was conducted by the Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA. Concerns over this issociative drug in the European Union led to an assessment of the health and social risks posed by the substance in April 2014.\r\n\r\nMethoxetamine is an arylcyclohexylamine substance which is chemically similar to ketamine and PCP and in common with these, has dissociative properties."^^ . "2014-05" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Risk assessment Methoxetamine RAR_with annexes.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21952 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "CNS stimulants"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "This report presents the data and findings of the risk assessment on the new psychoactive substance, 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine, that was conducted by the Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA. Concerns over this hallucinogenic drug in the European Union led to an assessment of the health and social risks posed by the substance in April 2014.\r\n25I-NBOMe may be used on its own or in combination with other substances, including other psychoactive substances. Analysis of various seized and collected products has shown that the composition of the products can differ and the user is unlikely to be aware of the exact dose or compound(s) present.\r\n\r\nDetections reported by the Member States to the Early Warning System have highlighted that 25I-NBOMe may also be encountered in liquid or powdered form. These physical forms may affect the potential for acute toxicity as well as the clinical profile thereof. For example, due to its 8 high potency, nasal insufflation of powdered 25I-NBOMe may increase the risk of (serious) adverse events.\r\n\r\nIn addition to the manifestation of psychoactive effects commonly observed with serotonergic hallucinogens (e.g. LSD, psilocybin or 2C-B (2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine)), clinical case reports also indicate the potential for inducing severe agitation, confusion and a significant stimulant effect which may also be associated with serotonergic toxicity (serotonin syndrome).\r\n\r\nReported street names include: ‘25I’, ‘dots’, ‘legal acid’, ‘solaris’, ‘cimbi-5’, ‘NBomb’, ‘NEBOME’, ‘smiles’, ‘INBMeO’, ‘BOM-CI’, ‘Hoffman’ and ‘N-boom’."^^ . "2014-05" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Risk asssessment 25I-NBOMe RAR_with annexes.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21955 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "CNS stimulants"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 3,4-dichloro-N-{[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl}benzamide in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "This report presents the data and findings of the risk assessment on the new psychoactive substance, 3,4-dichloro-N-{[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl}benzamide, that was conducted by the Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA. Concerns over this synthetic opioid in the European Union led to an assessment of the health and social risks posed by the substance in April 2014.\r\n\r\nAH-7921 is a synthetic opioid analgesic with a unique chemical structure. AH-7921 has appeared recently on the illicit drug market typically as a white powder.\r\n\r\nAnother name of AH-7921 (7), used by Internet suppliers/retailers selling the substance, user websites and in the popular media, is ‘doxylam’. It is important to note that ‘doxylam’ can easily be confused with ‘doxylamine’ — sometimes abbreviated also as ‘doxylam’"^^ . "2014-05" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 3,4-dichloro-N-{[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl}benzamide in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Risk assessment AH-7921 RAR_with annexes.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 3,4-dichloro-N-{[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl}benzamide in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 3,4-dichloro-N-{[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl}benzamide in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 3,4-dichloro-N-{[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl}benzamide in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 3,4-dichloro-N-{[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl}benzamide in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 3,4-dichloro-N-{[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl}benzamide in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21954 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 3,4-dichloro-N-{[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl}benzamide in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "CNS depressants"@en . "Sedative (CNS depressants)"@en . "Sedatives or tranquillisers (CNS depressants)"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Therapeutic communities for treating addictions in Europe."^^ . "Therapeutic communities first developed in the 1960s and have continuing relevance in the world of drug treatment today. This report presents how therapeutic communities have developed over time, with reference to seven European countries, and provides an overview of research into their effectiveness as a treatment option and their impact on wider society.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tForeword\r\n•\tAcknowledgements\r\n•\tExecutive summary\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tTherapeutic communities: definition, history and key characteristics\r\n•\tThe availability of therapeutic communities in Europe\r\n•\tReview of the effectiveness of therapeutic communities\r\n•\tTherapeutic community standards and guidelines\r\n•\tTherapeutic communities in Europe: recent developments and future challenges\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tAnnexes"^^ . "2014-04" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Wouter"^^ . "Vanderplasschen"^^ . "Wouter Vanderplasschen"^^ . . "Eric"^^ . "Broekaert"^^ . "Eric Broekaert"^^ . . "Stijn"^^ . "Vandevelde"^^ . "Stijn Vandevelde"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Therapeutic communities for treating addictions in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA Therapeutic communities for treating addictions.pdf"^^ . . . "Therapeutic communities for treating addictions in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Therapeutic communities for treating addictions in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Therapeutic communities for treating addictions in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Therapeutic communities for treating addictions in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Therapeutic communities for treating addictions in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21770 \n\nTherapeutic communities for treating addictions in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Residential facility"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment unit"@en . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. A review of the monitoring of drug-related acute emergencies in 30 European countries."^^ . "2014-04" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Guillermo"^^ . "Mena"^^ . "Guillermo Mena"^^ . . "Joao"^^ . "Matias"^^ . "Joao Matias"^^ . . "Isabelle"^^ . "Giraudon"^^ . "Isabelle Giraudon"^^ . . "Julian"^^ . "Vicente"^^ . "Julian Vicente"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. A review of the monitoring of drug-related acute emergencies in 30 European countries. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA Cocaine_emergencies_report.pdf"^^ . . . "Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. A review of the monitoring of drug-related acute emergencies in 30 European countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. A review of the monitoring of drug-related acute emergencies in 30 European countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. A review of the monitoring of drug-related acute emergencies in 30 European countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. A review of the monitoring of drug-related acute emergencies in 30 European countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Emergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. A review of the monitoring of drug-related acute emergencies in 30 European countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21781 \n\nEmergency health consequences of cocaine use in Europe. A review of the monitoring of drug-related acute emergencies in 30 European countries.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "State of health"@en . . . "emergency care" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . "The levels of use of opioids, amphetamines and cocaine and associated levels of harm: summary of scientific evidence."^^ . "This report presents the findings of a literature review to identify the most frequently occurring patterns of use and their relation to harm in users of opioids, powder and crack cocaine, and meth/amphetamine. The behavioural factors that were studied included: frequency of use, duration of use, routes of administration, drug type, dose, severity of dependence, and (the presence of) polydrug use.\r\n\r\nResearch on stimulants covers a relatively broad spectrum of patterns and severity, and thus provides some indications of the levels of use that are more harmful than others. Similar evidence is relatively scarce for opioids, where the overwhelming majority of studies concentrate only on the most risky injecting and addictive use.\r\n\r\nFor cocaine and amphetamines, it appears that weekly and higher frequency of use and patterns involving heavy periods of continuous use (bingeing) are related to increased prospective risk or actual existence of harms. Similar conclusion cannot be made for opioids, although research provides some indication of controlled use of heroin on a weekly and monthly (or less frequent) basis. Similarly, some evidence exists that crystal forms of stimulants — crystal methamphetamine and crack cocaine — are often positively associated with more harmful patterns of use and more severe consequences, whereas very little attention is paid in the literature to the different forms of heroin/opioids. \r\n\r\nRoutes of administration range from injecting, through smoking and inhaling, to snorting and oral consumption when ranked from the riskiest to less risky routes, although the less risky routes of snorting and swallowing are not considered to be risk-free behaviours. Frequency and duration of use are likely moderators of harms associated with routes of administration. Injectors are at higher risk of transmission of drug-related infectious diseases and death, the former being a function of the frequency and patterns of injecting. \r\n\r\nPolydrug use, although not a primary concern of the present review, proved to be an extremely significant confounding factor of any harm associated with use of these substances. It indicates a particular level of compulsivity and is closely associated with higher levels of dependence and with the risk of overdose."^^ . "2014-03" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #21734 \n\nThe levels of use of opioids, amphetamines and cocaine and associated levels of harm: summary of scientific evidence.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Crack cocaine"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Multiple drugs and alcohol use (Polydrug)"@en . . . "Amphetamines"@en . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "EMCDDA. Work programme 2014."^^ . "2014-02" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA. Work programme 2014. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Work_Programme_2014.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA. Work programme 2014. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21390 \n\nEMCDDA. Work programme 2014.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Estimating public expenditure on drug-law offenders in prison in Europe."^^ . "This study estimates how much 22 European countries spent on drug-law offenders in prisons during the last decade. Based on this, an estimate for public expenditure on drug-law offenders at the European level was made.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tAvailable data\r\n•\tEstimating public expenditure on drug-law offenders in prison\r\n•\tResults\r\n•\tConclusion\r\n•\tAnnexes\r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2014-02" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Estimating public expenditure on drug-law offenders in prison in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Estimating_public_expenditure_on_drug-law_offenders.pdf"^^ . . . "Estimating public expenditure on drug-law offenders in prison in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21426 \n\nEstimating public expenditure on drug-law offenders in prison in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prison"@en . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Economic policy"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prison Inmate (prisoner)"@en . . . "European questionnaire on drug use among prisoners (EQDP)."^^ . "This is a first common questionnaire on drug use among prisoners at European level. The questionnaire is the results of two years of work in the field of drugs and prison, which has included the agreement on a methodological framework or monitoring drug and prison in Europe, the analysis of existing questionnaires and a discussion among high level experts from several European countries and international organizations.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\t(A) General information\r\n•\t(B) Drug use outside and inside prison\r\n•\t(C) Drug injecting and other health risk behaviours\r\n•\t(D) Health status\r\n•\t(E) Use of health and drug services\r\n•\t(F) Methodological comments\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tAnnex: Methodological specifications. Principles and guidelines\r\n\r\n[See related link below for 'Drug use in prison: assessment report']"^^ . "2014-02" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Julian"^^ . "Vicente"^^ . "Julian Vicente"^^ . . "Luis"^^ . "Royuela"^^ . "Luis Royuela"^^ . . "Linda"^^ . "Montanari"^^ . "Linda Montanari"^^ . . "Miriam"^^ . "Rosa"^^ . "Miriam Rosa"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European questionnaire on drug use among prisoners (EQDP). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Questionnaire_on_drug_use_among_prisoners_(EQDP).pdf"^^ . . . "European questionnaire on drug use among prisoners (EQDP). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21460 \n\nEuropean questionnaire on drug use among prisoners (EQDP).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prison"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prison Inmate (prisoner)"@en . . . "Drug use in prison: assessment report."^^ . "2014-02" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Julian"^^ . "Vicente"^^ . "Julian Vicente"^^ . . "Miriam"^^ . "Rosa"^^ . "Miriam Rosa"^^ . . "Linda"^^ . "Montanari"^^ . "Linda Montanari"^^ . . "Luis"^^ . "Royuela"^^ . "Luis Royuela"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug use in prison: assessment report. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Drug_use_in_prison_assessment_report.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug use in prison: assessment report. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21427 \n\nDrug use in prison: assessment report.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prison"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prison Inmate (prisoner)"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Exploring methamphetamine trends in Europe."^^ . "Concerns about the availability and use of methamphetamine in Europe have been growing for some time. Historically, the use of methamphetamine has been confined largely to the Czech Republic and Slovakia; however, recent signs of the spread of methamphetamine linked to different European countries have sparked further investigation of this topic. The methodology used is based on the triangulation of data collected using a number of investigative approaches and from multiple sources.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tBackground and methods\r\n•\tChemistry and pharmacology\r\n•\tInternational context\r\n•\tHistory\r\n•\tTrafficking and availability\r\n•\tEurope as a transit territory\r\n•\tRegional patterns\r\n•\tMethamphetamine-related harms\r\n•\tHealth and social responses\r\n•\tInformation and monitoring gaps\r\n•\tConclusion\r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2014-01" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Exploring methamphetamine trends in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_methamphtamine.pdf"^^ . . . "Exploring methamphetamine trends in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21327 \n\nExploring methamphetamine trends in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Methamphetamine"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Multidimensional family therapy for adolescent drug users: a systematic review."^^ . "During adolescence, some young people may experiment with both licit and illicit substances (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and other drugs). This can have an impact on their behaviour, their relationships with others and how they function in society. For those who develop substance use disorders, family has a vital role to play in addressing this issue. This EMCDDA Paper focuses on a form of inclusive therapy that involves the young person, their family and their environment. Based on five studies carried out in the United States and the EU, the holistic approach encapsulated by Multidimensional family therapy delivers promising results that are visible both during therapy and after it has ended. However, the approach requires family engagement which cannot always be obtained, and may come at a higher cost than other therapeutic options."^^ . "2014-01" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Multidimensional family therapy for adolescent drug users: a systematic review. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA.pdf"^^ . . . "Multidimensional family therapy for adolescent drug users: a systematic review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17168 \n\nMultidimensional family therapy for adolescent drug users: a systematic review.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person)"@en . . . "Family role"@en . . . "Family-focused prevention"@en . . . "Family or marital therapy"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related family problems"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-methylamphetamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "This report presents the data and findings of the risk assessment on the new psychoactive substance, 4-methylamphetamine, that was conducted by the Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA. Concerns over the availability and use of this stimulant drug in the European Union led to an assessment of the health and social risks posed by the substance, and, consequently, its control across the EU Member States.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tForeword\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tEMCDDA actions on monitoring and responding to new drugs\r\n•\tEMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on 4-methylamphetamine: a summary\r\n•\tRisk Assessment Report of a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylamphetamine\r\n•\tAnnex 1: Technical report on 4-methylamphetamine\r\n•\tAnnex 2: Computational analysis on the pharmacology of 4-methylamphetamine\r\n•\tCouncil Decision 2013/129/EU on subjecting 4-methylamphetamine to control measures\r\n•\tAbbreviations\r\n•\tParticipants of the risk assessment meeting"^^ . "2014-01" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-methylamphetamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Report_on_the_risk_assessment_4_methylamphetamine.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-methylamphetamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21323 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 4-methylamphetamine in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Amphetamines"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "This report presents the data and findings of the risk assessment on the new psychoactive substance, 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole, that was conducted by the Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA. Concerns over the availability and use of this stimulant drug in the European Union led to an assessment of the health and social risks posed by the substance, and, consequently, its control across the EU Member States.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tForeword\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tEMCDDA actions on monitoring and responding to new drugs\r\n•\tEMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole: a summary\r\n•\tRisk Assessment Report of a new psychoactive substance: 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole\r\n•\tAnnex 1: Technical report on 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole\r\n•\tAnnex 2: Study examining the inhibition of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) by the new psychoactive substance 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole (5-IT)\r\n•\tCouncil Implementing Decision 2013/496/EU on subjecting 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole to control measures\r\n•\tAbbreviations\r\n•\tParticipants of the risk assessment meeting"^^ . "2014-01" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Report_on_the_risk_assessment_of_5_-_2_Aminopropl.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21324 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: 25I-NBOMe. (4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine)."^^ . "The EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on new psychoactive substance 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine, commonly known by the abbreviation ‘25I-NBOMe’, submitted in December 2013 to the Council of the EU, the European Commission and the EMA. After assessing the available evidence, the EMCDDA and Europol concluded that sufficient information had been accumulated to merit the production of a Joint Report on 25I-NBOMe as stipulated by Article 5.1 of the Decision.\r\n\r\nThe following street names have been reported: ‘25I’, ‘dots’, ‘legal acid’, ‘NBomb’,‘NE-BOME’, ‘smiles’, ‘INBMeO’, ‘BOM-CI’, ‘Hoffman’ and ‘N-boom’."^^ . "2014-01" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction & EUROPOL"^^ . . . . "Europol"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: 25I-NBOMe. (4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-Europol_Joint_Report_25I-NBOMe.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: 25I-NBOMe. (4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21299 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: 25I-NBOMe. (4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: AH-7921. (3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide)."^^ . "The EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on new psychoactive substance AH-7921 (3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide), submitted in December 2013 to the Council of the EU, the European Commission and the EMA. After assessing the available evidence, the EMCDDA and Europol concluded that sufficient information had been accumulated to merit the production of a Joint Report on AH-7921 as stipulated by Article 5.1 of the Decision.\r\n\r\nThe following street names have been reported: ‘AH-7921’ and ‘doxylan’."^^ . "2014-01" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction & EUROPOL"^^ . . . . "Europol"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: AH-7921. (3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-Europol_Joint_Report_AH7921.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: AH-7921. (3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21298 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: AH-7921. (3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methoxetamine (2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone)."^^ . "The EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on new psychoactive substance methoxetamine (2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone), submitted in December 2013 to the Council of the EU, the European Commission and the EMA. After assessing the available evidence, the EMCDDA and Europol concluded that sufficient information had been accumulated to merit the production of a Joint Report on methoxetamine as stipulated by Article 5.1 of the Decision.\r\n\r\nCommon names or codenames that have also been reported are: 3-MeO-2-Oxo-PCE, MXE, MXE100 and metoksetamiini (Finnish).\r\n\r\nThe following street names have also been reported: ‘MXE’, ‘Mexxy’, ‘M-ket’, ‘MEX’, ‘Kmax’, ‘Special M’, ‘MA’, ‘legal ketamine’, ‘Minx’, ‘Jipper’ and ‘Roflcoptr’.\r\n\r\nFinally, the following ‘legal high’ product names have been associated with methoxetamine: ‘Kwasqik’, ‘Hypnotic’, ‘Panoramix’, ‘Magic’, ‘Lotus’, ‘Special K’ and ‘X’."^^ . "2014-01" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction & EUROPOL"^^ . . . . "Europol"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methoxetamine (2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-Europol_Joint_Report_Methoxetamine.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methoxetamine (2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21300 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: methoxetamine (2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents."^^ . "Table of contents\r\n\r\nForeword\r\nExecutive summary\r\nChapter 1: Methodological issues in determining\r\nthe relationship between drug consumption, impaired driving and traffic accidents\r\nChapter 2: Prevalence of drugs among drivers\r\nChapter 3: Effects and risks associated with drugs\r\nOverall conclusion\r\nAppendix\r\nReferences"^^ . "2014" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "impaireddriving.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #22189 \n\nDrug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drug use and driving"@en . . . "Drinking-and-drug driving laws"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Drugnet Europe."^^ . "In this issue: \r\nLisbon Addictions 2015: call for abstracts | Best practice: from guidelines to quality standards | Financing drug policy in Europe in the wake of the economic recession | Preventing opioid deaths — legal issues around the provision of naloxone | New EMCDDA products and services"^^ . "2014" . . "88" . "October–December" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drugnet Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . "Drugnet_N88.pdf"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #23035 \n\nDrugnet Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA and ECDC sub-regional exchange of knowledge and best practice in monitoring and preventing drug-related infections."^^ . "Monitoring and responding to HIV and hepatitis C among people who inject drugs (PWID) is the focus of two new reports from the EU drugs agency (EMCDDA) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). The reports are the result of two expert meetings organised by the agencies last autumn which brought together key stakeholders from the areas of drug monitoring and infectious disease surveillance (1).\r\n\r\nThe meetings had their roots in an ECDC–EMCDDA regional assessment of HIV trends, risks and prevention coverage among PWID conducted in mid-2013. This assessment had identified a low level of prevention coverage in at least one third of European countries, constituting a potential risk of increased HIV transmission among this group (2).\r\n\r\nThe first expert meeting held in Bucharest (18–19 November 2013) — Detecting and responding to outbreaks of HIV among PWID — provided an important opportunity for sharing knowledge and best practice among experts from six countries in the south and south-east of the European region (Cyprus, Greece, Hungary, Malta, Romania and Slovakia). The participants heard about the Greek response to an HIV outbreak among PWID, which started in 2011, and the subsequent scaling up of prevention interventions. This had been guided by monitoring data and research findings and resulted in significant progress in curbing the epidemic. Participants also discussed the situation in Romania, the second country to report an HIV outbreak since 2011. This outbreak has seen additional challenges associated with: high rates of co-infections; changing patterns of drug use among PWID; and the need to address funding gaps through a coordinated country-level response.\r\n\r\nThe second meeting, a regional Reitox Academy held in Tallinn (21–22 November 2013) — Monitoring trends in and responses to drug-related infectious diseases among people who inject drugs — contributed to maximising synergies at national level between institutions and experts in the fields of drug monitoring and infectious disease surveillance in four countries (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland). The event helped participants from both fields to deepen their knowledge and mutual understanding of the situation; fostered joint initiatives at national level and further strengthened collaboration between neighbouring countries in the Baltic Sea region.\r\n\r\nBoth meetings acknowledged the critical role and added value of collaboration between the EU agencies in assessing risk and providing technical support to countries as well as in informing policies with evidence-based guidance (3).\r\n\r\nExperts examined progress and defined common priorities regarding actions to be taken forward at national level (e.g. improvements in screening and prevention coverage) and recognised the key role of monitoring and surveillance for evaluating whether prevention efforts to are adequate to avert outbreaks."^^ . "2014" . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"^^ . . . . . "Meeting reports"^^ . . . . . "Bucharest and Talinn"^^ . . . . . . "EMCDDA and ECDC sub-regional exchange of knowledge and best practice in monitoring and preventing drug-related infections. (PDF)"^^ . . . "Report_Expert_Meeting_Romania_18_November_2013_FINAL.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA and ECDC sub-regional exchange of knowledge and best practice in monitoring and preventing drug-related infections. (PDF)"^^ . . . "Report_Roundtable_Romania_19_November_2013_FINAL.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA and ECDC sub-regional exchange of knowledge and best practice in monitoring and preventing drug-related infections. (PDF)"^^ . . . "Report_Reitox_Academy_Tallinn_21-22_November_2013_final.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA and ECDC sub-regional exchange of knowledge and best practice in monitoring and preventing drug-related infections. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA and ECDC sub-regional exchange of knowledge and best practice in monitoring and preventing drug-related infections. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA and ECDC sub-regional exchange of knowledge and best practice in monitoring and preventing drug-related infections. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21728 \n\nEMCDDA and ECDC sub-regional exchange of knowledge and best practice in monitoring and preventing drug-related infections.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "HIV prevention"@en . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "HIV infection"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Harm reduction policy"@en . . "EMCDDA best practice portal: prevention interventions for partygoers."^^ . "2014" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #21350 \n\nEMCDDA best practice portal: prevention interventions for partygoers.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Social drinking"@en . . . "Drinking and driving"@en . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Context encouraging drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "International aspects"@en . . . "Crime prevention"@en . . . "Prevention through information and education"@en . . . "Prevention programme or service"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (‘MT-45’)."^^ . "In April 2014, the EMCDDA and Europol examined the available information on a new psychoactive substance 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine, commonly known as MT-45. The two organisations concluded that sufficient information had been accumulated to merit the production of a Joint Report on MT-45 as stipulated by Article 5.1 of the Council Decision.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tInformation collection process\r\n•\tInformation required by Article 5.2 of the Council Decision\r\n•\tInformation from the EMA (Article 5.3 of the Council Decision)\r\n•\tConclusion\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tAnnexes"^^ . "2014" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (‘MT-45’). (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA MT45 TDAS14007ENN.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (‘MT-45’). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (‘MT-45’). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (‘MT-45’). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (‘MT-45’). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (‘MT-45’). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #22582 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (‘MT-45’).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "General report of activities 2013: Key achievements and governance: a year in review."^^ . "he General Report of Activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA’s activities over a 12-month period. It catalogues the Centre’s achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\r\n Foreword\r\n Introduction\r\n Part I: Report of activities: key achievements and governance\r\n Part II: Management and internal\r\n control systems: annual activity report as per the Financial Regulation applicable\r\n to the EMCDDA\r\n Annex 1: EMCDDA Organisational chart\r\n Annex 2. Breakdown of EMCDDA staff as of 31 December 2013\r\n Annex 3: Outputs and products\r\n Annex 4: Key external events, conferences and meetings, 2013\r\n Annex 5: Implementation of the 2013 work programme by objectives, activities and expected outputs/results\r\n Annex 6: Members of the EMCDDA’s statutory bodies\r\n Annex 7: Use of the available resources in 2013\r\n Annex 8: Monitoring the implementation of the follow-up action plan to the third external evaluation of the EMCDDA\r\n Annex 9: List of acronyms and abbreviations"^^ . "2014" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "General report of activities 2013: Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "general.pdf"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2013: Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2013: Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2013: Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2013: Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2013: Key achievements and governance: a year in review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #22098 \n\nGeneral report of activities 2013: Key achievements and governance: a year in review.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Pregnancy and opioid use: strategies for treatment, EMCDDA Papers."^^ . "Illicit opioid consumption during pregnancy brings with it the risk of an increase in obstetric complications for the mother and a range of potential dangers for the child, both before and after birth. The primary goal when treating opioid dependence in pregnant women is to stabilise the patient and psychosocially assisted opioid substitution treatment is the preferred first-line therapy for this group.\r\n\r\nSeveral combinations of substitution medicines and psychosocial approaches are available. This paper reviews methadone, buprenorphine and slow-release oral morphine, used in a range of combinations with cognitive behavioural approaches and contingency management in order to identify the strengths of each medicine and method."^^ . "2014" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Pregnancy and opioid use: strategies for treatment, EMCDDA Papers. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Pregnancy.pdf"^^ . . . "Pregnancy and opioid use: strategies for treatment, EMCDDA Papers. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Pregnancy and opioid use: strategies for treatment, EMCDDA Papers. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Pregnancy and opioid use: strategies for treatment, EMCDDA Papers. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Pregnancy and opioid use: strategies for treatment, EMCDDA Papers. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Pregnancy and opioid use: strategies for treatment, EMCDDA Papers. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #23001 \n\nPregnancy and opioid use: strategies for treatment, EMCDDA Papers.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Pregnancy"@en . . . "Reproductive effects of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Pregnant woman"@en . . . "Residential treatment for drug use in Europe."^^ . "In most European countries, residential treatment programmes form an important element of the range of treatment and rehabilitation options for drug users. The aim of this paper is to provide a Europe-wide overview of the history and availability of residential drug treatment within wider national drug treatment systems.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tSummary\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tHistorical perspective of residential treatment for drug users\r\n•\tExtent and nature of residential treatment\r\n•\tTreatment elements in residential programmes\r\n•\tResidential treatment clients\r\n•\tOrganisational structure of residential treatment\r\n•\tConclusions"^^ . "2014" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Residential treatment for drug use in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA Residential treatment for drug use in Europe.pdf"^^ . . . "Residential treatment for drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Residential treatment for drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Residential treatment for drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Residential treatment for drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Residential treatment for drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #22294 \n\nResidential treatment for drug use in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Treatment outcome"@en . . . "Residential facility"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: MDPV (3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone)."^^ . "The EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on new psychoactive substance MDPV (3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone), submitted in December 2013 to the Council of the EU, the European Commission and the EMA. After assessing the available evidence, the EMCDDA and Europol concluded that sufficient information had been accumulated to merit the production of a Joint Report on MDPV as stipulated by Article 5.1 of the Decision.\r\n\r\nCommon names or codenames that have also been reported are: MDPK and metyleenidioksipyrovaleroni (Finnish).\r\n\r\nThe following street names have also been reported: MDPK, Magic, Super coke, Peevee, New Ivory Wave, Kannibaldrogen, Apdamm, Aakkoset (meaning alphabet in Finnish), Bath salt, MP, MP4 and MP3.\r\n\r\nFinally, the following ‘legal high’ product names have been associated with MDPV: ‘Mojo’, ‘Yellow Submarine’, ‘Ivory Wave’, ‘Vanilla sky’, ‘NRG-3’, ‘Flower magic’, ‘Gumi cucoriedka’, ‘Kamikadze’, ‘Xtacy’, ‘Ivory wave’, ‘Extreme star dust’, ‘Hurricane Charlie’, ‘Dogs bollix’, ‘Doves red’, ‘Doves ultra’, ‘Sextasy’, ‘Orange orbits’, ‘Stardust’, ‘Blow’, ‘Recharge’, ‘Charge+’, ‘Lucky’, ‘Generation 2012’, ‘EL PADRINO’ (translation: the Godfather), ‘Coco Jumbo’, ‘Cherry Coco Jumbo’, ‘SUNRISE’, ‘TECHNO’, ‘Greenway Speedway’, ‘DANA’, ‘OLGA’, ‘LENA’, ‘EVA’, ‘CLARA’, ‘MARKETA’ and ‘JANA’."^^ . "2014" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction & EUROPOL"^^ . . . . "Europol"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: MDPV (3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-Europol_Joint_Report_MDPV.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: MDPV (3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21301 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint report on a new psychoactive substance: MDPV (3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drug squads: units specialised in drug law enforcement in Europe."^^ . "Drug law enforcement activity targets the supply of drugs and is responsible for much of the key data that informs our understanding of drugs supply in Europe. This study looks, for the first time, at how drug law enforcement is organised in European countries. \r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tKey findings\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tBackground, objectives and methods\r\n•\tKey figures and institutional affiliations\r\n•\tMandates and supervision\r\n•\tConclusions\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tAnnex\r\n•\tAcknowledgements"^^ . "2013-12" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Laurent"^^ . "Laniel"^^ . "Laurent Laniel"^^ . . "Chloe"^^ . "Carpentier"^^ . "Chloe Carpentier"^^ . . "Rainer"^^ . "Kasecker"^^ . "Rainer Kasecker"^^ . . "Teodora"^^ . "Groshkova"^^ . "Teodora Groshkova"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug squads: units specialised in drug law enforcement in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_drug_squads.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug squads: units specialised in drug law enforcement in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21060 \n\nDrug squads: units specialised in drug law enforcement in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Crime prevention"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related crime"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Law enforcement agency"@en . . . "Co-morbid substance use and mental disorders in Europe: a review of the data."^^ . "Identifying the co-occurrence of drug use and mental health disorders in the same individuals is essential for effective treatment of their drug use problems. Reviewing the available information on psychiatric co-morbidity among drug users in European countries, the paper shows that there is a need to establish guidelines to collect comparable information across Europe.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tSources of information\r\n•\tPrevalence and nature of co-morbidity\r\n•\tPrisoners: an example of a vulnerable group\r\n•\tLimitations\r\n•\tAnnex\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tAcknowledgements"^^ . "2013-12" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Julian"^^ . "Vicente"^^ . "Julian Vicente"^^ . . "Danica"^^ . "Thanki"^^ . "Danica Thanki"^^ . . "Manuala"^^ . "Pasinetti"^^ . "Manuala Pasinetti"^^ . . "Linda"^^ . "Montanari"^^ . "Linda Montanari"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Co-morbid substance use and mental disorders in Europe: a review of the data. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_co_morbid.pdf"^^ . . . "Co-morbid substance use and mental disorders in Europe: a review of the data. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21061 \n\nCo-morbid substance use and mental disorders in Europe: a review of the data.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Mental health" . . . "Dual diagnosis (comorbidity)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mental disorder"@en . . . "Drug policy advocacy organisations in Europe."^^ . "This study explores the civil society organisations that engage in drug policy advocacy in Europe. An Internet search in English, French and Spanish combined with information from national sources in 30 countries identified 218 organisations actively seeking to influence drug policy. The paper categorises the organisations, looking at their advocacy objectives and orientations, how they pursue these, and at what political levels they operate.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tSummary\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tAdvocacy\r\n•\tIdentifying and categorising advocacy organisations\r\n•\tOverview of advocacy organisations in Europe\r\n•\tExploring the forms of advocacy organisations in Europe\r\n•\tAdvocacy organisations operating at the European or international level\r\n•\tConclusions\r\n•\tAnnex\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tAcknowledgements"^^ . "2013-12" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Frank"^^ . "Zobel"^^ . "Frank Zobel"^^ . . "Eoghan"^^ . "Quigley"^^ . "Eoghan Quigley"^^ . . "Kerri"^^ . "Moore"^^ . "Kerri Moore"^^ . . "Aileen"^^ . "O’Gorman"^^ . "Aileen O’Gorman"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug policy advocacy organisations in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . . . . "EMCDDA_drug_policy_advocacy.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug policy advocacy organisations in Europe. (Image (PNG))"^^ . . . . . . "preview.png"^^ . . . "Drug policy advocacy organisations in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21063 \n\nDrug policy advocacy organisations in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Social support"@en . . . "Advocacy"@en . . . "Drug user"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drug supply reduction and internal security policies in the European Union: an overview."^^ . "The production and trafficking of illicit drugs poses complex and interlinked problems, which have a negative impact on public health and the security and stability of society. Focusing on actions directed at the EU’s internal security situation, this paper elaborates who is involved in setting policy, what legal and funding basis for action has been established, and what the main priorities are.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tSummary\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tInstitutional arrangements\r\n•\tLegislation and financial programmes\r\n•\tPolicy framework\r\n•\tConclusions\r\n•\tAbbreviations\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tAcknowledgements"^^ . "2013-12" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . "Eoghan"^^ . "Quigley"^^ . "Eoghan Quigley"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug supply reduction and internal security policies in the European Union: an overview. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . . . . "EMCDDA_Drug_supply_reduction_and_internal_security_policies_in_the_European_Union.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug supply reduction and internal security policies in the European Union: an overview. (Image (PNG))"^^ . . . . . . "preview.png"^^ . . . "Drug supply reduction and internal security policies in the European Union: an overview. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21059 \n\nDrug supply reduction and internal security policies in the European Union: an overview.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Supply reduction policy"@en . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Crime prevention"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related crime"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "European drug prevention quality standards: a quick guide."^^ . "The aim of this ‘quick guide’ is to make practical information on prevention quality standards available outside the European Union. A condensed version of EMCDDA Manual 7, it includes a description of the eight stages involved in the drug prevention cycle, along with a self-reflection checklist that can be used when planning and implementing prevention activities. It has been designed for practitioners and those working in the field.\r\n\r\n•\tThe standards and checklists\r\nCross-cutting considerations \r\nProject stage 1: Needs assessment \r\nProject stage 2: Resource assessment \r\nProject stage 3: Programme formulation \r\nProject stage 4: Intervention design \r\nProject stage 5: Management and mobilisation of resources \r\nProject stage 6: Delivery and monitoring \r\nProject stage 7: Final evaluations \r\nProject stage 8: Dissemination and improvement \r\n•\tSelf-reflection: action plan"^^ . "2013-10" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Harry"^^ . "Sumnall"^^ . "Harry Sumnall"^^ . . "Angelina"^^ . "Brotherhood"^^ . "Angelina Brotherhood"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European drug prevention quality standards: a quick guide. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_European_drug_prevention_quality_standards.pdf"^^ . . . "European drug prevention quality standards: a quick guide. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #20773 \n\nEuropean drug prevention quality standards: a quick guide.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevention approach"@en . . . "Practice / clinical guidelines"@en . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "Basic prevention categories"@en . . . "Needs assessment"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Prevention programme or service"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Workforce / staff skills and training"@en . . "EMCDDA welcomes European Commission call for stronger EU action on new drugs."^^ . "The EU drugs agency (EMCDDA) welcomes the European Commission's proposal today to strengthen the EU’s response to new psychoactive substances (‘new drugs’)(1). The proposal follows an unprecedented rise in the number of new drugs detected in Europe in recent years and a Commission review of the EU’s current legal mechanism for monitoring and acting on these new substances (2)."^^ . "2013-09-17" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA welcomes European Commission call for stronger EU action on new drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "NewNPSmechanism_EN_FINAL.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA welcomes European Commission call for stronger EU action on new drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #20551 \n\nEMCDDA welcomes European Commission call for stronger EU action on new drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Models of addiction."^^ . "Table of contents\r\nForeword\r\nAcknowledgements\r\nExecutive summary\r\nChapter 1: Background, scope and aims\r\nChapter 2: Defining addiction\r\nChapter 3: Summarising theories and models of addiction — methods\r\nChapter 4: Modelling in the individual\r\nChapter 5: Modelling populations\r\nChapter 6: Towards a comprehensive theory of addiction\r\nChapter 7: Implications of theory for assessment and measurement of addiction and related constructs\r\nChapter 8: Implications of the comprehensive theory for intervention strategies\r\nChapter 9: Implications for policy and practice\r\nReferences"^^ . "2013-06" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Models of addiction. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Models.pdf"^^ . . . "Models of addiction. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #20077 \n\nModels of addiction.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Theory of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Disease model"@en . . . "Disorder classification" . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . "Perspectives on drugs: Can mass media campaigns prevent young people from using drugs?"^^ . "The use of mass media campaigns in drug prevention is both relatively common and not without controversy. Both policymakers and practitioners have hotly debated the effectiveness of such campaigns to reduce young people’s drug use or their intention to use. This analysis aims to contribute to the debate via a review of available evidence on the topic.\r\n\r\n1. Analysis\r\n2. Interactive map\r\n3. Terms and definitions\r\n4. Background theories"^^ . "2013-05" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Can mass media campaigns prevent young people from using drugs? (PDF)"^^ . . . "EMCDDA POD Mass media campaigns.pdf"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Can mass media campaigns prevent young people from using drugs? (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Can mass media campaigns prevent young people from using drugs? (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Can mass media campaigns prevent young people from using drugs? (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Can mass media campaigns prevent young people from using drugs? (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Perspectives on drugs: Can mass media campaigns prevent young people from using drugs? (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #21978 \n\nPerspectives on drugs: Can mass media campaigns prevent young people from using drugs?\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Prevention through information and education"@en . . . "Information use and impact"@en . . . "Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "European drug report 2013: trends and developments."^^ . "The Trends and developments report presents a top-level overview of the drug phenomenon in Europe, covering drug supply, use and public health problems as well as drug policy and responses. Together with the online Statistical bulletin, Country overviews and Perspectives on drugs, it makes up the 2013 European Drug Report package.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tPreface\r\n•\tIntroductory note and acknowledgements\r\n•\tSummary: Old and new drug problems — the European landscape in 2013\r\n•\tChapter 1: Drug supply in Europe\r\n•\tChapter 2: Drug use and drug-related problems\r\n•\tChapter 3: Responding to drugs\r\n•\tChapter 4: Drug policies\r\n•\tAnnex: National data tables"^^ . "2013-05" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European drug report 2013: trends and developments. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA.pdf"^^ . . . "European drug report 2013: trends and developments. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #19915 \n\nEuropean drug report 2013: trends and developments.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Illegal drug possession (seizures)"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol in general"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol offence"@en . . . "Rehabilitation"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Drug prevention interventions targeting minority ethnic populations: issues raised by 33 case studies."^^ . "This Thematic paper contains the results of a study that examined drug prevention interventions for minority ethnic populations in 29 European countries. A total of 33 interventions were reported to the study and the issues they raise are presented and discussed in the paper. The results will inform the EMCDDA’s plans for 2013–15 in terms of monitoring drug prevention interventions particularly in three areas: data collection, design and quality, and the dissemination of knowledge.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\tIntroduction\r\n\tMethods\r\n\tResponses\r\n\tAssessing needs: sources of information\r\n\tMeeting needs\r\n\tGeneric and specialist services\r\n\tCultural competence\r\n\tSustainability\r\n\tMonitoring and evaluation\r\n\tEstablishing and maintaining a database of drug prevention interventions for minority ethnic populations\r\n\tAcknowledgements\r\n\tReferences\r\n\tAppendix 1\r\n\tAppendix 2\r\n\tAppendix 3"^^ . "2013-04" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug prevention interventions targeting minority ethnic populations: issues raised by 33 case studies. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Drug_prevention_interventions_targeting_minority_ethnic_populations_issues_raised_by_33_case_studies.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug prevention interventions targeting minority ethnic populations: issues raised by 33 case studies. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #19713 \n\nDrug prevention interventions targeting minority ethnic populations: issues raised by 33 case studies.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Minority group (racial group, immigrant, Traveller)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "risk factors" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "New drug 4-MA to be placed under control across the EU."^^ . "Europe has responded today to concerns over the use of the stimulant drug 4-methylamphetamine (4-MA) by subjecting it to ‘control measures and criminal penalties’ throughout the Union. The Decision of the Council of the EU (1) was adopted in the final stage of the three-step legal procedure designed to respond to potentially threatening new psychoactive drugs entering the market (2).\r\n\r\nThe Council Decision is based on the findings of a formal risk-assessment report on 4-MA produced in 2012 by the extended Scientific Committee of the EU drugs agency (EMCDDA), with participation of additional experts from the EU Member States, European Commission, Europol and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) (3). The report, submitted to the Commission and Council in November 2012, assessed the health and social risks of the drug as well as international trafficking and the involvement of organised crime.\r\n\r\n4-MA belongs to the group of synthetic phenethylamines and is closely related to amphetamine. It has no established medical value and has no known legitimate purpose, aside from limited use in scientific research.The drug appears to be sold on the illicit market as amphetamine, being frequently mixed with it. Available information suggests that it is produced and distributed by the same organised crime groups involved in the manufacture and trafficking of amphetamine.\r\n\r\nThe Council Decision states that the evidence available provides ‘sufficient grounds for subjecting 4-methyl-amphetamine to control measures across the Union’. Reasons for the conclusion include: the drug’s strong similarity to amphetamine and the health risks it poses. The risk-assessment report detailed 21 fatalities (4) in four EU Member States (Belgium, Denmark, Netherlands, UK), where 4-MA was detected in post-mortem samples, either alone or in combination with other substances (particularly amphetamine). The adverse effects of 4-MA include: hyperthermia, hypertension, anorexia, nausea, paranoia and anxiety.\r\n\r\nEight EU Member States (Denmark, Germany, Ireland, France, Cyprus, Lithuania, Netherlands, UK) already control 4-MA under drug control legislation (four doing so via generic legislation on phenethylamines). In addition, two countries (Hungary and Austria) have introduced new legal frameworks to prohibit the unauthorised supply of individual or groups of substances (4-MA is controlled under the generic definition of phenethylamines). One Member State (Finland) controls the drug under medicines legislation."^^ . "2013-03-07" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #19453 \n\nNew drug 4-MA to be placed under control across the EU.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol substance by legal status"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Women and drug use in Europe."^^ . "For most people affected by drug use problem, there are family members who are affected also. The negative consequence can be more serious when it is a mother who is using drugs."^^ . "2013-03" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #19452 \n\nWomen and drug use in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Woman (women / female)"@en . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Gender differences" . . . "Drugs and alcohol related family problems"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder"@en . . . "Family relations"@en . . . "Drug policy profiles — Ireland."^^ . "The national drug policy of Ireland comes under the spotlight in the second volume in the EMCDDA series of Drug policy profiles. Examining the evolution of Irish drug policy through four periods of historic development, the report explores: the country’s national strategies; the legal context within which they operate; the public funds spent, or committed, to implement them; and the political bodies and mechanisms set up to coordinate the response to the problem. The profile sets this information in context by outlining the size, wealth and economic situation of the country as a whole, as well as the historical development of the current policy. Also described is the manner in which events in Ireland bear similarities with, and differences from, developments in other European countries.\r\n\r\nContents:\r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tDeveloping Irish drug control, 1921–1979 \r\n•\tHeroin use and the road towards a new drug policy, 1980–1995\r\n•\tChanging policy frames and responses, 1996–2008 \r\n•\tExtending the policy, 2009–2012 \r\n•\tConclusions \r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2013-02" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug policy profiles — Ireland. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Ireland.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug policy profiles — Ireland. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #19396 \n\nDrug policy profiles — Ireland.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol history"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Programme planning (strategy)"@en . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "EU drug markets report: a strategic analysis."^^ . "The EU drug markets report is the first comprehensive overview of illicit drug markets in the European Union. It covers issues such as production, consumer markets, trafficking, organised crime and policy responses, along with a review of the markets for heroin, cocaine, cannabis, amphetamine, methamphetamine, ecstasy and new psychoactive substances. It concludes with concrete action points for the areas where the current EU response to the drug market and its consequent harms may be improved.\r\n\r\nAn essential reference tool for law enforcement professionals, policymakers, the academic community and the general public, the report combines Europol’s strategic and operational understanding of trends and developments in organised crime with the EMCDDA’s ongoing monitoring and analysis of the drug phenomenon in Europe and beyond.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tForeword\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tAcknowledgements\r\n•\tAt a glance\r\n•\tChapter 1: Context\r\n•\tChapter 2: Heroin\r\n•\tChapter 3: Cocaine\r\n•\tChapter 4: Cannabis\r\n•\tChapter 5: Amphetamine\r\n•\tChapter 6: Methamphetamine\r\n•\tChapter 7: Ecstasy\r\n•\tChapter 8: New psychoactive substances\r\n•\tChapter 9: Issues in focus\r\n•\tChapter 10: Conclusions and recommendations\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tAbbreviations"^^ . "2013-01" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "EU drug markets report: a strategic analysis. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Drug_markets.pdf"^^ . . . "EU drug markets report: a strategic analysis. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #19227 \n\nEU drug markets report: a strategic analysis.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Crime prevention"@en . . . "Heroin"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Methamphetamine"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Amphetamines"@en . . . "Ecstasy"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Organised crime"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "The second European conference on drug supply indicators: conclusions of the Chairs."^^ . "The EMCDDA and the European Commission have been asked to prepare a proposal for key indicators for the drug supply area. Two technical conferences supported by expert working groups in three areas (drug markets, drug supply reduction and drug-related crime) recognised that:\r\n· we should build on the ongoing work in this area at the national, European and International level, adopting a developmental approach coherent with national realities and needs;\r\n· routine reporting needs at EU level should be based upon a restricted set of core data."^^ . "2013" . . . "Council of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Commission"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "The second European conference on drug supply indicators: conclusions of the Chairs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . . . . "emcdda.en13.pdf"^^ . . . "The second European conference on drug supply indicators: conclusions of the Chairs. (Image (PNG))"^^ . . . . . . "preview.png"^^ . . . "The second European conference on drug supply indicators: conclusions of the Chairs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #19098 \n\nThe second European conference on drug supply indicators: conclusions of the Chairs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Illegal drug possession (seizures)"@en . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Organised crime"@en . . "Drug-related infectious diseases."^^ . "This key indicator collects data on the extent of infectious diseases — primarily HIV, hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection — among people who inject drugs (injecting drug users or IDUs). The data is collected from IDUs each calendar year using two main methods. These are: (a) surveys of IDUs that include serological testing and (b) the monitoring of routine diagnostic testing for HIV, hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection among IDUs. These two sources are the most useful as they can provide data on the proportion of those tested who are infected (i.e. prevalence).\r\n\r\nRepeated collection of data over time allows examination of trends in prevalence, whilst collection of data from young or new users can provide an insight into current levels of transmission (i.e. incidence). In addition to the prevalence data, data on case reports of new diagnosis, such as data from national HIV case reporting and notification systems of hepatitis B and C, also provides useful information. The collection of infectious diseases data is undertaken by the EMCDDA in close collaboration with the EU Member States and the ECDC and WHO. Guidance on how this data should be collected has been produced by the EMCDDA. In addition, the data can be used to generate indirect estimates of the incidence, prevalence and trends in drug injecting (see the EMCDDA key indicator on problem drug use)."^^ . "2013" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #20996 \n\nDrug-related infectious diseases.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Communicable disease"@en . . . "HIV prevention"@en . . . "HIV infection"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2012 Annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA (New drugs in Europe, 2012."^^ . "This report presents the key activities performed by the EMCDDA and Europol in 2012 and includes details of all the relevant activities in support of the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA on the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new psychoactive substances.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction and background\r\n•\tImplementation arrangements and cooperation with the EU Pharmacovigilance system\r\n•\tFormal activities\r\n•\tEpidemiology and new approaches\r\n•\tProduction and distribution of new psychoactive substances\r\n•\tConclusions\r\n•\tAnnexes"^^ . "2013" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2012 Annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA (New drugs in Europe, 2012. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "newdrugs.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2012 Annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA (New drugs in Europe, 2012. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #20093 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol 2012 Annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA (New drugs in Europe, 2012.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drug intoxication"@en . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "Heroin"@en . . . "risk factors" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Internet retailing (online sales)"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole."^^ . "At the end of September 2012, the EMCDDA and Europol examined the available information on a new psychoactive substance 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole (commonly known by the abbreviation ‘5-IT’), through a joint assessment. The two organisations concluded that sufficient information had been accumulated to merit the production of a Joint Report on 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole as stipulated by Article 5.1 of the Council Decision 2005/387/JHA.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\r\nIntroduction\r\nInformation collection process\r\nInformation required by Article 5.2 of the Decision\r\nInformation from the EMA as requested by Article 5.3 of the Decision\r\nSummary of findings\r\nConclusions\r\n\r\nAnnexes\r\n\r\nAnnex 1 — Main information sources\r\nAnnex 2 — Details of seizures and collected samples of 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole (5-IT) reported to the EMCDDA\r\nAnnex 3 — Deaths associated with 5-(2-aminopropylindole(5-IT) reported to the EMCDDA"^^ . "2013" . . . "EMCDDA–Europol"^^ . . "EMCDDA–Europol"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDATDAS13001ENN.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #19242 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Illegal drug possession (seizures)"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "risk factors" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "European exchange on Brief Interventions and Motivational Interviewing for people using drugs."^^ . "The EMCDDA page provides the minutes and four presentations from a meeting held to discuss brief interventions and motivational interviewing for people using drugs.\r\n\r\n‘Early intervention’ is repeatedly mentioned in EU drugs strategies and is supported by evidence especially for alcohol users, but little is known about how and for which target groups it is actually being used in member states. Little known are also the possibilities of using established techniques for alcohol users like Brief Intervention and Motivational Interviewing in other settings and for users of other substances, even though a recent review found some evidence in reducing substance use if compared with no intervention. Policy makers and professionals might need to know more about how to implement these strategies in larger scale and about the obstacles to be expected when passing scientific findings into practice. The EMCDDA invited experts with experiences related to each of those questions.\r\n \r\nThe objectives of the meeting were to share views and experience on\r\n•\timplementation barriers and effects, including issues of fidelity;\r\n•\ttransferability to other settings and organisational contexts;\r\n•\tapplicability for substances other than alcohol, above all cannabis and new drugs;\r\n•\troll-out within primary health or prevention systems;\r\n•\ttransferability across countries;\r\n•\tuse in street work and outreach work settings."^^ . "2013" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . "European exchange meeting"^^ . . . . . "Lisbon"^^ . . . . . "HTML Summary of #19623 \n\nEuropean exchange on Brief Interventions and Motivational Interviewing for people using drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Brief intervention"@en . . . "Motivational interviewing"@en . . . "Psychosocial treatment method"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "General report of activities 2012."^^ . "The General Report of Activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA’s activities over a 12-month period. It catalogues the Centre’s achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tForeword\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tPart I: Report of activities: key achievements and governance\r\n•\tPart II: Management and internal control systems\r\n•\tAnnex 1: EMCDDA Organisational chart\r\n•\tAnnex 2: Breakdown of EMCDDA staff as of 31 December 2012\r\n•\tAnnex 3: Outputs and products\r\n•\tAnnex 4: Key external events, conferences and meetings, 2012 [PDF]\r\n•\tAnnex 5: Implementation of the 2012 work programme [PDF]\r\n• Annex 6: Members of the EMCDDA’s statutory bodies\r\n•\tAnnex 7: Use of the available resources in 2012\r\n•\tAnnex 8: List of acronyms and abbreviations"^^ . "2013" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "General report of activities 2012. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_activities_2012.pdf"^^ . . . "General report of activities 2012. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #20016 \n\nGeneral report of activities 2012.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "North American drug prevention programmes: are they feasible in European cultures and contexts?"^^ . "Some commentators argue that programmes developed in North America (Canada and the US) are unlikely to work in European countries, due to differing cultural contexts and because most of the evidence for their effectiveness comes from North America. This Thematic paper presents experiences of adapting and implementing four innovative and proven North American drug prevention programmes in Europe, showing the clear potential of transferring such programmes and avoiding the cliché of culture as a barrier to implementation."^^ . "2013" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "North American drug prevention programmes: are they feasible in European cultures and contexts? (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "American_final.pdf"^^ . . . "North American drug prevention programmes: are they feasible in European cultures and contexts? (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #20061 \n\nNorth American drug prevention programmes: are they feasible in European cultures and contexts?\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "United States"@en . . . "Prevention approach"@en . . . "Prevention programme or service"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Canada" . . . "Work programme 2013."^^ . "This is the first of the three annual work programmes required to implement the activities and commitments set out in the EMCDDA’s new strategy for the 2013–15 period.\r\nThe central challenge for the EMCDDA is to continue to deliver high-quality analyses on established topics at the same time as extending its work in less developed but strategically important areas. As the European drug problem evolves, the EMCDDA must also ensure that its tools and approaches keep pace with developments and remain fit for purpose.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\r\n Introduction and summary of key outputs\r\n Main areas of work in 2013\r\n Cooperation and collaboration with key partners\r\n Supporting the achievement of results\r\n\r\nAnnex I: Potential risk factors\r\nAnnex II: Estimated allocation/use of the appropriations provided under the EMCDDA 2013 budget for the implementation of the EMCDDA 2013 work programme\r\nAnnex III: List of the national focal points’ beneficiaries of the Reitox grant\r\nAnnex IV: Template of the 2013 Reitox grant agreement\r\n List of abbreviations and acronyms"^^ . "2013" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Work programme 2013. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "WP_2013.pdf"^^ . . . "Work programme 2013. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #19244 \n\nWork programme 2013.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Driving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicines.\r\nNew EMCDDA report reveals risks of substance use behind the wheel."^^ . "The use of illicit drugs and psychoactive medicines amongst drivers, particularly when combined with alcohol, is described today in a new report from the EU drugs agency(EMCDDA. The ‘state of the art’ review presents the results of the largest research project ever carried out in the EU on Driving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicines (the ‘DRUID’ project), which ran between 2006 and 2011.\r\nAround 30 000 people die in traffic accidents in the EU every year, with alcohol still the number one substance endangering lives on Europe’s roads (around one quarter of road deaths). The European Commission funded the DRUID project in order to assess the scale of Europe’s drink- and drug-driving problem and contribute key evidence to road safety policy. It culminated in 50 project reports, running to several thousand pages. The new 50-page EMCDDA review summarises the findings of these reports.\r\n\r\nFor the first time using comparable data, the project drew a map of the drink- and drug-driving problem across 13 European countries (Figure 2). Over 50 000 car and van drivers were tested in random roadside surveys for traces of 25 substances, including illicit drugs, alcohol and medicines. Alcohol was detected in 3.5 % of drivers, illicit drugs in 1.9 % and medicines in 1.4 %. Mixtures of drugs or medicines were found in 0.39 % of those stopped and combinations of alcohol with drugs or medicines in 0.37 %. A series of project recommendations are made to counter driving impaired by substance use. The roadside surveys revealed cannabis (THC) to be the most frequently detected illicit drug in drivers, followed by cocaine and amphetamines. Meanwhile, benzodiazepines were the most frequently found medicine, with medicinal opioids less common.\r\n\r\nAcross Europe, the prevalence of alcohol, cocaine, cannabis and combined substance use was found to be higher in southern and western regions. Medicinal opioids were detected more in northern Europe, while substance use was relatively low in most of the eastern region. Alcohol and drugs were found more often in male drivers, while medicines were identified mainly in middle-aged and older female drivers.\r\nCommenting today Wolfgang Götz, EMCDDA Director, said: ‘The DRUID project has given policymakers the best available scientific evidence on levels of drug and alcohol use in drivers and the responses available today to improve road safety in Europe. The EMCDDA is proud to be associated with this project, which has set the standard for assessing drug driving in European countries in order to design more effective solutions in future’.\r\n\r\nAlso examined in the study were data from nine countries on drivers seriously injured or killed in traffic accidents. In sharp contrast to the results of the roadside tests, between a quarter and a half of drivers involved in crashes in these countries (28 % to 53 %) tested positive for one or more psychoactive substance (Figure 3). Overall, 24.4 % of the injured driver population and 31.7 % of the killed driver population tested positive for alcohol, around 70 % of these being severely intoxicated (blood alcohol content 1.2 g/l). Among those testing positive for alcohol, the highest percentage of seriously injured drivers was found in Belgium and the highest percentage of drivers killed in accidents found in Portugal. Among those testing positive for cannabis, the highest percentage of seriously injured drivers was again found in Belgium and the highest percentage of drivers killed in accidents in Norway. Cocaine use appeared to be more common in southern Europe."^^ . "2012-12-14" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #19003 \n\nDriving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicines. \nNew EMCDDA report reveals risks of substance use behind the wheel.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Drinking and driving"@en . . . "Transportation safety laws (driving)"@en . . . "Drinking-and-drug driving laws"@en . . . "Prescription drug (medicine / medication)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drug use and driving"@en . . "Standards and guidelines for practices. Web resource."^^ . "This page contains a listing of national drug prevention guidelines and standards in Europe. The title, the methodological basis and the types of treatment covered by each guideline are provided, along with a download link where available."^^ . "2012-12" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #16942 \n\nStandards and guidelines for practices. Web resource.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Practice / clinical guidelines"@en . . . "Patient care management" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Health care delivery" . . . "Health care quality control" . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Mortality among drug users: guidelines for carrying out, analysing and reporting key figures 2011–12."^^ . "Drug-related mortality is a complex phenomenon, which accounts for a considerable percentage of deaths among young people in many European countries. The EMCDDA, in collaboration with national experts, has defined an epidemiological indicator with two components at present: deaths directly caused by illegal drugs (drug-induced deaths) and mortality rates among problem drug users. These two components can fulfil several public health and methodological objectives, notably as an indicator of the overall health impact of drug use and the components of this impact.\r\n\r\nThis standard protocol focuses on the second component (mortality). It provides national focal points and experts with a guide for carrying out,analysing and reporting to the EMCDDA the key figures on mortality among drug users. It describes the features of the Fonte web-based interface which allow the Member States to report their mortality data to the EMCDDA.\r\n\r\nEach centre must adopt specific and effective procedures to ensure the absolute confidentiality of the information gathered and that the appropriate legislation on data protection, ethical approval and consent are respected.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction/objectives\r\n•\tCarrying out mortality studies among drug users\r\n•\tData analysis: rates, confidence intervals and adjustment for differences in age distribution\r\n•\tStrengths and limitations\r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2012-11" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Julian"^^ . "Vicente"^^ . "Julian Vicente"^^ . . "Isabelle"^^ . "Giraudon"^^ . "Isabelle Giraudon"^^ . . "Marcel"^^ . "Buster"^^ . "Marcel Buster"^^ . . "Joao"^^ . "Matias"^^ . "Joao Matias"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Mortality among drug users: guidelines for carrying out, analysing and reporting key figures 2011–12. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Mortality_Cohorts_Guidelines_2012.pdf"^^ . . . "Mortality among drug users: guidelines for carrying out, analysing and reporting key figures 2011–12. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18976 \n\nMortality among drug users: guidelines for carrying out, analysing and reporting key figures 2011–12.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Data collection method"@en . . . "Quantitative data analysis"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Prisons and drugs in Europe: the problem and responses."^^ . "This Selected issue starts off by reviewing the available data on drug use among prison populations in Europe, focusing on injecting drug use and other health risk behaviours. Major health risks for drug-using prisoners, including blood-borne infections and infections that can affect all prisoners equally, such as tuberculosis, are discussed. Also mentioned is the role of prison environments, where overcrowding and unsanitary conditions are not uncommon, and the higher-than-average occurrence of psychiatric problems among prisoners. The first section concludes by describing the increased risk of death among prisoners, both in custody and after release. \r\n\r\nThe second part of the report focuses on responses to the health needs of drug-using prisoners in European countries. The study looks at how the internationally recognised rights of prisoners and the European and international rules that set standards for the care of prisoners apply to those with drug problems. The administration of prison healthcare in European countries is examined, and national policies are reviewed. This is followed by an overview of the available information on drug-related service provision in Europe, from prison entry to prison release, addressing counselling, treatment of drug dependence and the prevention of infectious diseases and drug overdose.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tThe context: prisoners in Europe \r\n•\tDrug use among the prison population \r\n•\tHealth of drug-using prisoners \r\n•\tMortality among prisoners using drugs \r\n•\tThe European context \r\n•\tResponsibility for prison health in the European countries \r\n•\tDrug-related prison health policies \r\n•\tProvision of drug-related health services in prison \r\n•\tRelease preparation and throughcare\r\n•\tConclusions"^^ . "2012-11" . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #18784 \n\nPrisons and drugs in Europe: the problem and responses.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prison"@en . . . "Prison-based health service"@en . . . "Offender" . . . "Rehabilitation"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prison Inmate (prisoner)"@en . . . "2012 Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policymakers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tCommentary\r\n•\tPolicies and laws\r\n•\tResponding to drug problems in Europe — an overview\r\n•\tCannabis\r\n•\tAmphetamines, ecstasy, hallucinogens, GHB and ketamine\r\n•\tCocaine and crack cocaine\r\n•\tOpioid use and drug injection\r\n•\tDrug-related infectious diseases and drug-related deaths\r\n•\tNew drugs and emerging trends"^^ . "2012-11" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "2012 Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_annual_report.pdf"^^ . . . "2012 Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18783 \n\n2012 Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Prevalence of daily cannabis use in the European Union and Norway."^^ . "This report brings together, for the first time in Europe, an integrated overview of the prevalence of intensive cannabis use, defined as daily or almost daily cannabis use (use on 20 or more days in the month preceding survey). Self-reported data regarding frequency of cannabis use from large, probabilistic, nationally representative samples of general population surveys from 20 countries, representing more than 83 % of the population of EU and Norway, were collected through two rounds of ad hoc data collection in 2004 and 2007 and through a routine, standard data collection instrument since 2010.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nIntroductory note \r\nExecutive summary \r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tMethodology and data collection\r\n•\tResults\r\n•\tDiscussion: strengths and limitations of the data on daily cannabis use in Europe\r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2012-11" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Prevalence of daily cannabis use in the European Union and Norway. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "emcdda-daily-cannabis-use-2012.pdf"^^ . . . "Prevalence of daily cannabis use in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18787 \n\nPrevalence of daily cannabis use in the European Union and Norway.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . "Social reintegration and employment: evidence and interventions for drug users in treatment."^^ . "In order to help drug users become full members of society following treatment, measures are needed that address the issues of housing, education, vocational training and employment as part of their recovery. This report considers existing interventions targeting this vulnerable social group. It also provides a set of conclusions targeted at policymakers and drug practitioners, in order to help them develop coherent and comprehensive social integration strategies. Examples of ‘what works’ in practice are a vital first step in developing evidence-based guidelines for future interventions. \r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tForeword\r\n•\tAcknowledgements\r\n•\tExecutive summary\r\n•\tPart I: The need for social reintegration\r\n•\tPart II: Approaches to promote social reintegration\r\n•\tPart III: Conclusions\r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2012-10" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Harry"^^ . "Sumnall"^^ . "Harry Sumnall"^^ . . "Angelina"^^ . "Brotherhood"^^ . "Angelina Brotherhood"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Social reintegration and employment: evidence and interventions for drug users in treatment. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Social_reintegration_and_employment.pdf"^^ . . . "Social reintegration and employment: evidence and interventions for drug users in treatment. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18596 \n\nSocial reintegration and employment: evidence and interventions for drug users in treatment.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol recovery"@en . . . "Inclusion and exclusion"@en . . . "Vocational rehabilitation (employment / occupation)"@en . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Community-based treatment (primary care)"@en . . . "Employment and unemployment"@en . . . "Pregnancy, childcare and the family: key issues for Europe’s response to drugs."^^ . "This Selected issue gives a broad overview on the extent of, and available responses to, the problems of pregnant drug users and families that are affected by drug use. In the first part of the report, a description of the available data on the extent of drug use during pregnancy and associated risks is followed by a review of responses to drug use among pregnant women across Europe. The second part of the publication focuses on children living in the care of drug users. Here, a review of the risks related to drug use in the family sets the scene for European overviews of responses targeting drug-using parents and responses aimed at the children of drug users. The policy and legal frameworks concerning the two situations are described, both for pregnant drug users and drug-using parents and their children.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroductory note and acknowledgements\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tPregnant drug users\r\n•\tDrug users living with children\r\n•\tConclusions\r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2012-10" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Pregnancy, childcare and the family: key issues for Europe’s response to drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Pregnancy,_childcare_and_the_family.pdf"^^ . . . "Pregnancy, childcare and the family: key issues for Europe’s response to drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18705 \n\nPregnancy, childcare and the family: key issues for Europe’s response to drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Role of child"@en . . . "Family role"@en . . . "Pregnancy"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Family-focused prevention"@en . . . "Pregnant woman"@en . . . "Child of drugs and alcohol user"@en . . . "Parent-child relations"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related family problems"@en . . . "Parent"@en . . . "Child"@en . . . "Role of parent"@en . . . "Family support"@en . . . "Family or marital therapy"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA 2013–15 strategy and work programme."^^ . "The 2013–15 strategy and work programme is the third one since the EMCDDA’s recast Regulation in 2006. It is built around three top-level commitments: (a) providing a relevant, timely and responsive analysis of the drug situation; (b) efficiency: deriving maximum value from activities and investments; (c) communication and a customer-orientated approach. The bedrock on which this three-year strategy and work plan rests is the recognition that the achievements the agency has made since its inception have been delivered by maintaining clarity of purpose, technical rigour and a long-term vision.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tForeword by the EMCDDA Director\r\n•\tContext\r\n•\tInformation and analysis for policy and action: the EMCDDA's strategy and vision for 2013–15\r\n•\tFrom strategic vision to getting results: the EMCDDA's work programme for 2013–15\r\n•\tRisk assessment"^^ . "2012-09" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA 2013–15 strategy and work programme. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_2013–15_strategy_and_work_programme.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2013–15 strategy and work programme. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18417 \n\nEMCDDA 2013–15 strategy and work programme.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Programme planning (strategy)"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Travel and drug use in Europe: a short review."^^ . "Little is known about the issue of drug use by travellers. This Thematic paper seeks to increase the interest in this topic both in terms of research and of developing adequate responses to problems related to drugs and travel. The paper aims to shed some light on this topic by investigating the following five questions: What is the profile of those who travel and use drugs? Which destinations have been associated with drug use among travellers? What is the prevalence of drug use among travellers? What are the risks associated with using drugs while travelling? What is the potential for prevention interventions?\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tTravelling and using drugs\r\n•\tExamples of drug-related destinations\r\n•\tPrevalence of drug use among young travellers\r\n•\tRisks associated with drug use while travelling\r\n•\tPotential for prevention interventions\r\n•\tConclusions"^^ . "2012-09" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Travel and drug use in Europe: a short review. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "ThematicPaper_Travel_and_drug_use.pdf"^^ . . . "Travel and drug use in Europe: a short review. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18338 \n\nTravel and drug use in Europe: a short review.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Social context"@en . . . "Context encouraging drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Sociocultural drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Recreational drug use"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Treatment demand indicator (TDI) standard protocol 3.0: Guidelines for reporting data on people entering drug treatment in European countries."^^ . "This Manual is a revised edition of the Treatment demand indicator (TDI) protocol version 2.0 and presents updated guidelines for reporting data on people entering drug treatment in Europe. The TDI is one of five key epidemiological indicators which provide a common European methodology for collecting and reporting core data on the number and profiles of those entering specialised drug treatment each year. TDI data are routinely used in EMCDDA analysis of the drug situation in Europe, helping to identify trends and patterns in problem drug use and to assess the use and uptake of treatment facilities.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tGuidelines\r\n•\tMethodological and ethical issues\r\n•\tAnnexes"^^ . "2012-09" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Treatment demand indicator (TDI) standard protocol 3.0: Guidelines for reporting data on people entering drug treatment in European countries. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-TDI-Protocol-3.0.pdf"^^ . . . "Treatment demand indicator (TDI) standard protocol 3.0: Guidelines for reporting data on people entering drug treatment in European countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18436 \n\nTreatment demand indicator (TDI) standard protocol 3.0: Guidelines for reporting data on people entering drug treatment in European countries.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Research organization and management"@en . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of drug prevention: a manual for programme planners and evaluators."^^ . "he EMCDDA first published the Guidelines for the evaluation of drug prevention in 1998 to respond to a need expressed by professionals and policymakers to have a tool and stimulus to evaluate prevention interventions in Europe. These guidelines aimed to facilitate and encourage project leaders to evaluate their own interventions and to design them accordingly.\r\n\r\nThis second edition is an updated version of the original EMCDDA guidelines, which contains new methods, concepts and examples of currently available drug prevention interventions and which provides a framework for carrying out an evaluation. The content has also been updated with developments in online EMCDDA drug prevention and evaluation resources.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tAcknowledgements \r\n•\tPreface\r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tChapter 1: Assessing intervention planning\r\n•\tChapter 2: Designing and carrying out a theory-driven evaluation\r\n•\tChapter 3: Process evaluation and monitoring system \r\n•\tChapter 4: Outcome evaluation \r\n•\tChapter 5: Communicating the results\r\n•\tChapter 6: Assessing intervention planning \r\n•\tChapter 7: Designing and carrying out a theory-driven evaluation \r\n•\tChapter 8: Process evaluation and monitoring system \r\n•\tChapter 9: Outcome evaluation \r\n•\tChapter 10: Communicating the results"^^ . "2012-07" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of drug prevention: a manual for programme planners and evaluators. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Guidelines.pdf"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of drug prevention: a manual for programme planners and evaluators. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18187 \n\nGuidelines for the evaluation of drug prevention: a manual for programme planners and evaluators.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Practice / clinical guidelines"@en . . . "Research and evaluation"@en . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "Programme planning (strategy)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drug demand reduction: global evidence for local actions. Drugs in Focus 23."^^ . "This policy briefing considers the development of evidence-based drug demand reduction interventions. Following a definition of key terms used in the evidence-based drug demand reduction arena, the briefing then presents the main challenges involved in transferring scientific knowledge into practical applications, with a particular emphasis on 'best practice'.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tKey issues at a glance\r\n•\tDefinitions\r\n•\tUnderstanding best practice\r\n•\tGuidelines and standards: popular instruments to promote best practice\r\n•\tAccessing and using scientific evidence\r\n•\tLearning from each other — minimum quality standards for Europe\r\n•\tImplementing evidence through guidelines, standards and other tools\r\n•\tNext steps: identifying gaps and considering new issues\r\n•\tConclusions and policy considerations\r\n•\tKey sources\r\n•\tWeb information"^^ . "2012-07" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug demand reduction: global evidence for local actions. Drugs in Focus 23. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Drug_demand_reduction_global_evidence_for_local_actions.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug demand reduction: global evidence for local actions. Drugs in Focus 23. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17957 \n\nDrug demand reduction: global evidence for local actions. Drugs in Focus 23.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Information transfer from research to practice"@en . . . "Demand reduction policy"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Responding to drug use and related problems in recreational settings."^^ . "Drug and alcohol use in recreational settings are linked to a range of health and social problems. These include acute health problems, such as unconsciousness and unintentional injury, aggressive behaviour and violence, unsafe and unwanted sex, and driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs. In the 2009–12 EU drugs action plan and, more recently, through the adoption in 2010 of Council conclusions in this area, the EU has addressed drug and alcohol use in places where young people gather to socialise and dance. Reflecting these conclusions, this paper summarises some of the approaches used today to prevent and reduce the health and social risks associated with the use of illicit drugs and alcohol in recreational settings.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n Introduction\r\n The need for a balanced and evidence-based approach\r\n Prevention at the user level\r\n Environmental strategies\r\n Training of staff\r\n Interventions involving stakeholders\r\n Policing and law enforcement measures\r\n Conclusions"^^ . "2012-07" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Responding to drug use and related problems in recreational settings. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Recreational_settings_WEB.pdf"^^ . . . "Responding to drug use and related problems in recreational settings. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18153 \n\nResponding to drug use and related problems in recreational settings.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Context encouraging drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Problem drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Recreational drug use"@en . . . "Prevention by sponsor or setting"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Social context"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related societal (social) problems"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Leading experts to review global developments in new drugs and ‘legal highs’."^^ . "The United States National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the EU drugs agency (EMCDDA) bring together leading US, European and international experts this week to take stock of the global ‘new drugs’ phenomenon. In the framework of the 2012 NIDA International Forum, taking place in Palm Springs (CA) from 8–11 June (1), the organisations will co-host the Second interdisciplinary forum on new and emerging psychoactive substances gathering over 300 participants from 72 countries.\r\n\r\nBuilding on the First international multidisciplinary forum on new drugs (2), organised by the EMCDDA in Lisbon in May 2011, this year’s forum will focus on new and emerging synthetic and natural drugs, such as synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (e.g. ‘Spice’) and stimulants (e.g. cathinones). EMCDDA Scientific Director Paul Griffiths, who will receive on 9 June the 2012 NIDA International Program Award for Excellence in International Leadership (3), will deliver a keynote speech on ‘New psychoactive substances — a growing challenge for drug policy and practice’. Other speakers include Volker Auwaerter of the University Medical Centre, Freiburg, who, in 2008, first identified the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 found in ‘Spice’ (4)."^^ . "2012-06-07" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #17681 \n\nLeading experts to review global developments in new drugs and ‘legal highs’.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "Synthetic cathinones" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2011."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA’s activities over a 12-month period. It catalogues the Centre’s achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tForeword\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tPart I: Report of activities: key achievements and governance\r\n•\tPart II: Management and internal control systems: annual activity report as per the Financial Regulation applicable to the EMCDDA (adopted by the EMCDDA’s Management Board on 9 January 2009)"^^ . "2012-06" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2011. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_2011_Report-web-revised.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2011. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17754 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2011.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "New ESPAD study shows overall stable drug use among school students and a reduction in ‘heavy episodic drinking’, but no decrease in cigarette smoking."^^ . "Overall, the use of illicit drugs among 15–16-year-old school students appears to have stabilised, according to the latest European study of this group published today by the European school survey project on alcohol and other drugs (ESPAD). The report, based on a 2011 survey in 36 European countries, also reveals a reduction in ‘heavy episodic drinking’ (five drinks or more per occasion). But the survey highlights country differences and the need for vigilance where cannabis, inhalant and tobacco use has been seen to rise. \r\n\r\nThis is the fifth data-collection wave conducted by the ESPAD project, with multi-national surveys carried out every four years since 1995 (1). Over 100,000 school students took part in the latest survey. Of the countries participating, 23 were EU Member States. The 2011 ESPAD report: substance use among students in 36 European countries, available in English, will be complemented by a multilingual summary produced with the support of the EU drugs agency (EMCDDA) (2). The EMCDDA includes ESPAD data in its annual reporting on the drug situation and the two bodies work closely together under a cooperation agreement signed in 2007 (3). This cooperation was scaled up in 2011, with the partners vowing to boost joint work and technical cooperation to enhance understanding of long-term drug use trends among this population in Europe.\r\n\r\nThe new survey results show that the increase seen in the use of illic¬it drugs among this age group in ESPAD countries between 1995 and 2003 has since stalled, with the average prevalence remaining unchanged at 18 % between 2007 and 2011 (11 % in 1995; 20 % in 2003). The vast majority of the students surveyed in 2011 who had ever tried an illicit drug, had used cannabis. Average lifetime cannabis use was reported by 17 % of the students (4), use in the last 12 months was reported by 13 % and use in the last 30 days by 7 % (all unchanged overall). But despite this overall stable picture, the proportion of stu¬dents who had ever tried cannabis increased significantly between 2007 and 2011 in 11 of the 36 ESPAD countries (and fell in five).\r\n\r\nThe 2011 ESPAD data show that over three-quarters of school students (79 %) had consumed alcohol in the past 12 months and over half (57 %) in the last 30 days, continuing the small decreases witnessed since 2003. In total, 11 countries reported a fall in alcohol use over the past 30 days and in ‘heavy episodic drinking’ over the same period (the latter had increased by 8 per¬centage points between 1995 and 2007). Also reported is the small decrease to 38 % in this drinking pattern among girls, in contrast to the striking increase seen in the last round of the survey (29 % in 2003, rising to 41 % in 2007). Among boys, the figure was also slightly lower in 2011 (43 % compared with 45 % in 2007). Across 22 countries, more boys than girls still report ‘heavy episodic drinking’ in the past 30 days, although the gender gap shrank from 12 percentage points in 1995 to five in 2011."^^ . "2012-05-31" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #17642 \n\nNew ESPAD study shows overall stable drug use among school students and a reduction in ‘heavy episodic drinking’, but no decrease in cigarette smoking.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person)"@en . . . "Student (secondary level)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Binge drinking"@en . . . "Tobacco (cigarette smoking)"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . "Early warning system - national profile."^^ . "This publication presents 30 profiles, including Ireland's, of the national early warning systems on new psychoactive substances in operation in Europe in 2011.\r\n\r\nIn Ireland an emerging trends sub-committee was originally set up in September 1997 by the Department of Health as the ad-hoc early warning Committee on New Synthetic Drugs to consider national issues arising from the 1997 Joint Action on New Synthetic Drugs by the Council of the European Union concerning information exchange, risk assessment and control of new synthetic drugs where each Member State had to set up a system of early warning to monitor the emergence of this phenomenon. In 2001, the committee was placed on a formal basis within the National Advisory Committee on Drugs (NACD) and its remit extended to include the monitoring of emerging trends.\r\n\r\nThe functions of the early warning system for Ireland are to:\r\nidentify new drugs; describe new trends in drug use, and report the serious and unusual consequences of drug use.\r\n\r\n1. National drug trend monitoring system pilot (2007). \r\nThe NACD developed and tested three new indicators for use in a Drug Trend Monitoring System (DTMS). The three indicators piloted were:\r\n• a media monitoring system to monitor current drug seizures, drug-related court cases, and local drug issues around the country;\r\n• a network of trend monitors consisting of frontline workers from around the country to complete a twice-yearly trend questionnaire on the drug situation in their area, and notify the DTMS when new trends arise;\r\n• a series of focus groups with drug users to assess latest\r\ndrug trends."^^ . "2012-05-25" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #17629 \n\nEarly warning system - national profile.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Prevention through information and education"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Information use and impact"@en . . . "Drug-related research in Europe: recent developments and future perspectives."^^ . "Scientific findings and up-to-date evidence are needed for sound policymaking at local, national and EU level. Research can help answer many policy questions by investigating which interventions or combination of interventions may be more appropriate to help reduce drug problems. Research can also assess the cost-effectiveness of various alternative interventions and suggest innovative ways to increase effectiveness. \r\n\r\nBoth the European Commission and the Member States have been investing in drug-related research and promoting the development of a wider knowledge base to underpin drug policy. However, there has been no consistent approach at European level to identifying and prioritising research topics. \r\n\r\nThe EMCDDA has been monitoring drug-related research since 2007, as part of its mandate to provide ‘the Community and its Member States with factual, objective, reliable and comparable information at European level concerning drugs and drug addiction and their consequences’ (1). The agency has developed a methodology to analyse research activity on the basis of the studies cited by Reitox national focal points in their Reitox national reports. \r\n\r\nThis Thematic paper therefore draws from a variety of sources, which include analysis of the yearly national reports submitted to the EMCDDA by the Reitox national focal points over the period 2008–10, projects funded through different European Commission research and drug-related programmes, and Council and Commission documents focusing on this topic. It aims to update the EMCDDA Selected issue on national drug-related research in Europe (EMCDDA, 2008), by reporting on recent developments and current challenges, and by suggesting future opportunities in this field. ("^^ . "2012-05" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug-related research in Europe: recent developments and future perspectives. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_research_europe.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug-related research in Europe: recent developments and future perspectives. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17614 \n\nDrug-related research in Europe: recent developments and future perspectives.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Research organization and management"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Research dissemination"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Early warning system: national profiles."^^ . "This publication presents 30 profiles of the national early warning systems on new psychoactive substances in operation in Europe in 2011. The early warning system on new psychoactive substances is a multidisciplinary network consisting of 30 European countries which collect, appraise and rapidly disseminate information on new drugs and products that contain them. The publication aims to promote best practices and to enhance the exchange of experiences between different national early warning systems.\r\n\r\nIrish national profile - page 74"^^ . "2012-05" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Roumen"^^ . "Sedefov"^^ . "Roumen Sedefov"^^ . . "Ana"^^ . "Gallegos"^^ . "Ana Gallegos"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Early warning system: national profiles. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_early_warning_national_profiles.pdf"^^ . . . "Early warning system: national profiles. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17626 \n\nEarly warning system: national profiles.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Information dissemination"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Prevention through information and education"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Harm reduction policy"@en . . "EMCDDA: Prevention profile: Ireland"^^ . "What are countries in Europe doing to prevent illicit drug use? The prevention profiles section of the website tries to answer this question by providing information on the level of provision of different prevention measures in Europe (EU Member States, Croatia, Turkey and Norway).\r\n\r\nFor more information, including methodology, definitions, data sources and technical information, please read the 'About prevention profiles' page."^^ . "2012-03" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #14065 \n\nEMCDDA: Prevention profile: Ireland\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Universal prevention"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . "Overviews of legal topics."^^ . "The European Legal Database on Drugs (ELDD) is the EMCDDA's online database of information on European drugs-related legislation for the Member States and Norway. \r\n\r\nTopic Overviews cover the following areas:\r\n•\tClassification of controlled drugs\r\n•\tIllegal consumption\r\n•\tIllegal possession of drugs\r\n•\tIllegal drug trafficking \r\n•\tPossession of cannabis for personal use\r\n•\tMedical purposes\r\n•\tNeedle and Syringe Programmes\r\n•\tTreatment alternatives\r\n•\tWorkplace drug testing\r\n•\tHallucinogenic mushrooms\r\n•\tDriving\r\n•\tSubstitution treatment\r\n•\tControlled deliveries\r\n•\tPrecursor penalties\r\n•\tThreshold quantities\r\n\r\nClassification of controlled drugs \r\n\tHow are drugs classified at international level and why? \r\n\tDoes the EU have a standardised classification system?\r\n\tDo different types of drugs elicit different legal responses?\t \t \r\n\r\nPersonal possession of cannabis \r\n\tIs cannabis equal to other substances or not?\r\n\tWhen are cannabis-related offences prosecuted?\r\n\r\nIllegal consumption of drugs and the law \r\n\tIs drug consumption per se illegal? \r\n\tIs it prosecuted?\t\t\r\n\r\nLegal status of drug testing in the workplace\r\n\tIn which conditions is testing permitted?\r\n\tWhat are the rights and responsibilities of the employer and employee?\r\n\tAre there privacy or data protection issues involved?\t\t\r\n \r\nDrugs and driving\r\n\tWhat drugs are prohibited for drivers?\r\n\tCan police stop drivers randomly, or do they need suspicion?\r\n\tShould a driver be under influence, or does any trace of drugs lead to an offence?\t \t\r\n\r\nIllegal possession of drugs\r\n\tIs possession of drugs 'for personal use' viewed differently from other forms of possession?\r\n\tDo the quantities and nature of the drug(s) involved affect the legal response?\t \t\r\n\r\nHallucinogenic mushrooms\r\n\tAre these controlled in Member States?\r\n\tWhat happens if they grow in the wild?\t\r\n\r\nLegal status of opioid substitution treatment\r\n\tWhat drugs are permitted for substitution treatment in the countries?\r\n\tWho can prescribe them? Who can dispense them?\r\n\tHow are the drugs and the patients monitored? Can they be taken home?\r\n\tWhat happens if the patient fails a urine test?\r\n\r\nIllegal drug trafficking \r\n\tIs there a difference between trafficking in drugs for personal use and trafficking for commercial purposes?\r\n\r\nTreatment alternatives to prosecution or prison \r\n\tAre alternative measures to prosecution for drug offences available?\r\n\tDoes the offender have to be an addict?\r\n\tCan they be used for theft offences?\r\n\tAre they compulsory?\t \t\r\n\r\nPenalties for precursor offences\r\n\tAre the penalties the same as for drug trafficking offences?\r\n\tWhat happens if there is just a breach of labelling requirements?\t \t\r\n\r\nSupplying illicit drugs for medical purposes \r\n\tIs substitution treatment in breach of the international Conventions against drugs?\r\n\tWhat are the legal bases for methadone prescription?\r\n\tIs prescribing heroin for medical purposes against international law?\t\t\r\n\r\nLegal Framework of Needle and Syringe Programmes\r\n\tAre these programmes legal?\r\n\tCan they be considered as facilitating drug use?\r\n\tHow do the police react?\t \t\r\n\r\nControlled deliveries\r\n\tIf law enforcement officers want to watch a controlled delivery of drugs through the territory, who can authorise it?\r\n\tWhat are the necessary requirements for authorisation?\r\n\tDo the same laws apply to other illicit goods?\r\n \r\nThreshold quantities for possession and supply offences\r\n\tWho defines a threshold quantity?\r\n\tHow much is a small, or large, quantity of a drug?\r\n\tHow do quantities vary between different drugs?"^^ . "2012-03" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #16781 \n\nOverviews of legal topics.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol laws"@en . . . "Work programme 2012."^^ . "The 2012 EMCDDA work programme takes forward activities begun in 2010 to implement the EMCDDA's three-year strategy (2010–12). This strategy seeks to: consolidate and deepen the analysis of core datasets held at the EMCDDA; invest in more complex and policy-relevant analysis; and develop a small number of new areas of strategic importance. It also reflects on the obligations of the agency’s mission statement and is sensitive to the needs of the EU drugs strategy and action plan (2009–12). The 2012 work programme presents specific objectives accompanied by their related activities and expected outcomes. This new structure is the result of the ongoing rationalisation of planning processes and procedures taking place within the EMCDDA.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction and summary of outputs\r\n•\tMonitoring and reporting on the drugs problem in Europe\r\n•\tCooperation and collaboration with key external partners\r\n•\tSupporting the achievement of results\r\n•\tAnnexes"^^ . "2012-02" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Work programme 2012. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "emcdda_Work_programme_2012.pdf"^^ . . . "Work programme 2012. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16951 \n\nWork programme 2012.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Research organization and management"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . "Legal topic overviews: classification of controlled drugs."^^ . "EU Member States classify drugs and precursors according to the three UN Conventions of 1961, 1971 and 1988 (abbreviated below to UN61, UN71 and UN88), controlling and supervising their legitimate scientific or medical use while taking into account the particular risks to public or individual health.\r\n\r\nThis Topic Overview looks at the UN system, the EU’s system of pan-European control, and finally gives a table outlining the similarities and differences of the national systems in the EU and Norway.\r\n\r\n•\tHow are drugs classified at international level and why? \r\n•\tDoes the EU have a standardised classification system?\r\n•\tDo different types of drugs elicit different legal responses?"^^ . "2012-01" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #16780 \n\nLegal topic overviews: classification of controlled drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Over the counter drug (medicine / medication)"@en . . . "CNS depressants"@en . "Sedative (CNS depressants)"@en . "Sedatives or tranquillisers (CNS depressants)"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Methadone"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "MDMA"@en . . . "Controlled substance"@en . . . "Amphetamines"@en . . . "International aspects"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol in general"@en . . . "Prescription drug (medicine / medication)"@en . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Codeine"@en . . "Legal topic overviews: penalties for illegal drug trafficking."^^ . "What we have here called 'trafficking' offences may include production or cultivation, import and export, transporting, offering, selling and/or possession, with intent to distribute or supply, or the concept of acting 'for gain' or 'on a commercial basis'. Therefore, we have not included production or cultivation for personal use. Various aggravating factors in the offence may include the involvement of large quantities, drugs considered very dangerous to health, the aim to make substantial profit, involvement of (organised) groups or gangs, abuse of position by a professional person, or recidivism.\r\n\r\nSelling drugs to acquire money to finance a drug habit is a recognised behaviour among drug users and is considered an offence in all EU Member States. In some, these 'user-dealers' or 'addict-pushers' occupy a middle ground between the serious offence of drug distribution and the more medical problem of drug addiction. As such, they may be specifically identified in national laws – if not, it is usual for the judge to take this situation into account when sentencing. Addiction is seen as a mitigating circumstance, but on the other hand the type and quantity of the drug sold or distributed, and recidivism, may be seen as aggravating factors. In general, selling drugs is always prosecuted, but wide ranges are prescribed for sentencing.\r\n\r\nAt European level, following the conclusions of the 1999 Tampere European Council that called on the Member States to adopt additional legal provisions to combat trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, the Council adopted in October 2004 a Framework-Decision laying down minimum provisions on the constituent elements of criminal acts and penalties in the field of illicit drug trafficking.\r\n\r\nThis overview contains penalties by country and a table: EU Framework-Decision laying down minimum provisions on the constituent elements of criminal acts and penalties in the field of illicit drug trafficking."^^ . "2012-01" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #16790 \n\nLegal topic overviews: penalties for illegal drug trafficking.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Criminal penalty"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA Trendspotter study on fentanyl in Europe."^^ . "The EMCDDA Trendspotter case study on Fentanyl in Europe was undertaken during September and October 2012. It culminated in an expert meeting in Lisbon on 9–10 October 2012. The aim of the study was to increase understanding of the availability and illicit use of fentanyl in Europe, with a specific focus on: the extent and patterns of use; illicit production and diversion; harms and deaths; and, responses to the problem. Twelve experts from 10 EU Member States (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Estonia, Greece, Italy, Slovakia, Sweden, Finland, United Kingdom) attended the meeting, presenting their experiences and contributing to an analysis of the topic, providing insights from law enforcement, forensics, treatment, research and monitoring, and drug user perspectives.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tRationale and methods \r\n•\tMultiple sources of supply \r\n•\tDivergent situations regarding use \r\n•\tWhy more fentanyl use? \r\n•\tHigh levels of harm \r\n•\tResponding to fentanyl problems \r\n•\tDiscussion \r\n•\tConclusion"^^ . "2012" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA Trendspotter study on fentanyl in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Fentanyl.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA Trendspotter study on fentanyl in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18786 \n\nEMCDDA Trendspotter study on fentanyl in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . "EMCDDA-Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylamphetamine."^^ . "At the end of 2011 and in 2012, the EMCDDA and Europol examined the available information on a new psychoactive substance, 4-methylamphetamine. The two organisations concluded that sufficient information had been accumulated to merit the production of a Joint Report on 4-methylamphetamine as stipulated by Article 5.1 of the Decision.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tInformation collection process\r\n•\tInformation required by Article 5.2 of the Decision\r\n•\tInformation from the EMA as requested by Article 5.3 of the Decision\r\n•\tSummary of findings\r\n•\tConclusions\r\n•\tAnnexes"^^ . "2012" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA-Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylamphetamine. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_EUROPOL_methylamphetamine.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA-Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylamphetamine. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18785 \n\nEMCDDA-Europol joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylamphetamine.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "CNS stimulants"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . "Legal topic overviews: possession of cannabis for personal use."^^ . "The legal status of cannabis for personal use is one of the most controversial policy issues in the European Union. Although cannabis is a classified narcotic drug placed under control by the United Nations and by all EU Member States, the measures adopted to control it at national level vary considerably, as shown in the table below.\r\n\r\nCannabis extracts — marijuana, hashish and cannabis oil — are classified as narcotic drugs under both Schedules I and IV of the 1961 United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. Art. 36 requests State Parties to “adopt such measures as will ensure that …possession… of drugs contrary to the provisions of this Convention… shall be punishable offences when committed intentionally...”. \r\n\r\nThe active principles of cannabis, the cannabinoids THC and specifically dronabinol (delta-9-THC), are classified as psychotropic substances under Schedules I and II respectively of the 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances. Art 22 of this echoes the terms of the 1961 Convention above, stating that “each Party shall treat as a punishable offence, when committed intentionally, any action contrary to a law or regulation adopted in pursuance of its obligations under this Convention… “. \r\n\r\nFinally, the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic of 1988, Art. 3 requests establishment of a criminal offence for possession of drugs for the purposes of trafficking (Art. 3.1(a)(iii)), and for the possession for personal consumption (Art.3.2). This latter has been the subject of a wide range of interpretations and analyses; see ELDD’s Legal Reports for example the EMCDDA thematic paper “Illicit drug use in the EU: legislative approaches”, section 1, and Chapter 7 of A Cannabis Reader, EMCDDA Monograph 8; Cannabis Control in Europe."^^ . "2012" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #16757 \n\nLegal topic overviews: possession of cannabis for personal use.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Cannabis production and markets in Europe."^^ . "This study brings together available evidence to provide a comprehensive analysis of cannabis production and markets across the EU. It combines information from EMCDDA routine reporting — data on patterns of prevalence and use, seizures, police reports, drug-law offences, cannabis potency and retail market prices — with literature on cannabis markets to create an in-depth analysis of the issue in a European context."^^ . "2012" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Cannabis production and markets in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "web_INSIGHTS_CANNABIS.pdf"^^ . . . "Cannabis production and markets in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17830 \n\nCannabis production and markets in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Illegal production of drugs"@en . . . "Illegal distribution of drugs (drug market / dealing)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . "Drugnet Europe."^^ . "Drugnet Europe, the EMCDDA's quarterly newsletter, provides regular information on the Agency's activities to a broad readership.\r\n\r\nIn this issue: 2012 EMCDDA work programme; ECDC-EMCDDA HIV rapid risk assessment; Romania passes law to curb distribution of new psychoactive substances; European summer school on illicit drugs; multicity project on wastewater analysis; upcoming events on new psychoactive substances; and new EMCDDA products and services."^^ . "2012" . . "77" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drugnet Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "DrugnetEurope77_WEB.pdf"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17072 \n\nDrugnet Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Amphetamines"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA final annual accounts 2011."^^ . "n accordance with Article 76 of the Financial Regulation applicable to the EMCDDA, the accounts of the EMCDDA shall comprise: 'The financial statements of the EMCDDA and the reports on implementation of the budget of the EMCDDA. The accounts of the EMCDDA shall be accompanied by a report on budgetary and financial management during the year.'\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\r\nFinancial statements of the EMCDDA\r\n Balance sheet\r\n Economic outturn account\r\n Cash-flow table\r\n Annexes to the balance sheet\r\nReport on the implementation of the EMCDDA budget\r\n Budget outturn account for the financial year 2011\r\nAppendix to the EMCDDA 2011 accounts\r\n Report on budgetary and financial management for the financial year 2011"^^ . "2012" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA final annual accounts 2011. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Final_Accounts_2011.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA final annual accounts 2011. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #18073 \n\nEMCDDA final annual accounts 2011.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health care economics"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA trend report for the evaluation of the 2005–12 EU drugs strategy."^^ . "This report has been compiled by the EMCDDA in the first half of 2011 as a supporting document for the external evaluation of the 2005–12 EU drugs strategy and its two 2005–08 and 2009–12 action plans. It reviews the main trends and changes in the European drug situation and in the responses developed by the EU Member States. Four main areas are covered by the report: drug use and drug-related problems; drug supply; drug policies; and demand reduction interventions.\r\n\r\nIn this summary, at the beginning of each of these sections, the reader is reminded of the relevant priorities and objectives set out in the EU drugs strategy, in order to facilitate analysis and assessment of progress and achievements. The timeframe for analysis is from 2004 (the year before the strategy) until the most recent data available, usually 2009 or 2010. Most of the data have been collected through the EMCDDA’s network of Reitox national focal points but additional data sources have been used in some areas."^^ . "2012" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA trend report for the evaluation of the 2005–12 EU drugs strategy. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "att_154968_EN_Trend_report.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA trend report for the evaluation of the 2005–12 EU drugs strategy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17382 \n\nEMCDDA trend report for the evaluation of the 2005–12 EU drugs strategy.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prison"@en . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Heroin"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related crime"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Prison Inmate (prisoner)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol laws"@en . . . "Demand reduction policy"@en . . . "Amphetamines"@en . . . "Programme planning (strategy)"@en . . . "Methadone maintenance"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Treatment and maintenance"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2011 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA"^^ . "This report presents the results and outlines the key achievements for 2011 on the information exchange, risk-assessment and control of new psychoactive substances.\r\n\r\nNew drugs were detected in the European Union in 2011 at the rate of around one per week, with a total of 49 new psychoactive substances officially notified for the first time via the EU early-warning system (EWS). This represents the largest number of substances ever reported in a single year, up from 41 substances reported in 2010 and 24 in 2009. In 2011, the list of substances registered was dominated by two groups: synthetic cannabinoids (23 substances) and synthetic cathinones (8 substances). These now represent the two largest drug groups monitored by the EWS and, together, make up around two-thirds of the new drugs reported last year. All of the new compounds reported in 2011 were synthetic.\r\n\r\nAlso described in the report is the EMCDDA's monitoring of the online ‘legal high’ market. The number of online shops offering at least one psychoactive substance or product rose from 314 in January 2011 to 690 in January 2012.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\r\n 1. Introduction and background\r\n 2. Implementation arrangements and cooperation with the EU pharmacovigilance system\r\n 3. Results achieved in 2011\r\n 4. Epidemiology and new approaches\r\n 5. Production and distribution of new psychoactive substances\r\n 6. The way forward\r\n Annexes"^^ . "2012" . . . "EMCDDA; Europol"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2011 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-Europol_Annual_Report_2011_2012_final.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2011 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17452 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol 2011 annual report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol substance by legal status"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Internet retailing (online sales)"@en . . . "Joint EMCDDA and ECDC rapid risk assessment. HIV in injecting drug users in the EU/EEA, following a reported increase of cases in Greece and Romania."^^ . "In response to a notified increase in HIV cases among injecting drug users (IDU) in Greece and Romania, the European Commission asked the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) in November 2011 to conduct a rapid inquiry among their network of HIV surveillance- and drug focal points to investigate whether such increases had occurred in other countries. The assessment showed that while most European countries reported no changes in the rate of newly diagnosed cases of HIV or HIV prevalence in IDU in 2011, increases were documented in six countries. Indicators of injecting risk and prevention coverage show a potential risk for increased HIV transmission and future outbreaks in several countries."^^ . "2012" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"^^ . . . . . . . "Joint EMCDDA and ECDC rapid risk assessment. HIV in injecting drug users in the EU/EEA, following a reported increase of cases in Greece and Romania. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Rapidriskassesment.pdf"^^ . . . "Joint EMCDDA and ECDC rapid risk assessment. HIV in injecting drug users in the EU/EEA, following a reported increase of cases in Greece and Romania. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16745 \n\nJoint EMCDDA and ECDC rapid risk assessment. HIV in injecting drug users in the EU/EEA, following a reported increase of cases in Greece and Romania.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "HIV prevention"@en . . . "risk factors" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "HIV infection"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "The Reitox network: frequently asked questions."^^ . "Table of contents\r\n1.What is Reitox?\r\n2.Who are members of the Reitox network?\r\n3.What is the Reitox network’s main mission?\r\n4.Is there a difference between a national focal point and a national drugs observatory?\r\n5.What are the functions of Reitox national focal points at European level?\r\n6.What are the functions of Reitox national focal points at national level?\r\n7.How is Reitox managed?\r\n8.How should a national focal point be structured?\r\n9.What types of information should Reitox members provide to the EMCDDA and when?\r\n10.How many staff members should work in a national focal point and what qualifications do they need?\r\n11.How are Reitox national focal points financed?\r\n12.What is the ‘Reitox Academy’?\r\n13.Who can benefit from Reitox national focal points’ expertise at national level and how?\r\n14.What is the added value in joining the Reitox network for non‐EU countries?\r\n15.How can my country join the Reitox network?\r\n16.Where canI find the contact details for Reitox members?"^^ . "2012" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "The Reitox network: frequently asked questions. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Reitox.pdf"^^ . . . "The Reitox network: frequently asked questions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17005 \n\nThe Reitox network: frequently asked questions.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "A definition of ‘drug mules’ for use in a European context."^^ . "The trafficking of drugs and, in particular, the use of human carriers (often called ‘drug mules’) remains a relatively hidden phenomenon, on which limited information is available. This latest EMCDDA Thematic paper explores whether a common definition of ‘drug mules’ can be developed in the European context and assesses the implications of this for data gathering and future research. The paper has its roots in a questionnaire launched by the EMCDDA in 2010 to test a proposed conceptual framework of drug couriers. Taking part in the survey were experienced professionals, academics and practitioners from a variety of countries, legal traditions and law-enforcement practices. Drug mules are reported to be transporting all of the major illicit drug types through Europe and making full use of all European transport routes. This paper draws a number of conclusions and recommendations for further investigation into drug markets and related responses."^^ . "2012" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "A definition of ‘drug mules’ for use in a European context. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "att_150421_EN_EMCDDA_ThematicPapers_DrugMules.pdf"^^ . . . "A definition of ‘drug mules’ for use in a European context. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17147 \n\nA definition of ‘drug mules’ for use in a European context.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Driving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicines\r\nin Europe — findings from the DRUID project."^^ . "The ‘state of the art’ review presents the results of the largest research project ever carried out in the EU on Driving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicines (the ‘DRUID’ project), which ran between 2006 and 2011"^^ . "2012" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Raschid"^^ . "Urmeew"^^ . "Raschid Urmeew"^^ . . "Horst"^^ . "Schulze"^^ . "Horst Schulze"^^ . . "Han"^^ . "de Gier"^^ . "Han de Gier"^^ . . "Kerstin"^^ . "Auerbach"^^ . "Kerstin Auerbach"^^ . . "Javier"^^ . "Alvarez"^^ . "Javier Alvarez"^^ . . "Sjoerd"^^ . "Houwing"^^ . "Sjoerd Houwing"^^ . . "Anja"^^ . "Knoche"^^ . "Anja Knoche"^^ . . "Inger Marie"^^ . "Bernhoft"^^ . "Inger Marie Bernhoft"^^ . . "Monika"^^ . "Pilgerstorfer"^^ . "Monika Pilgerstorfer"^^ . . "Bojan"^^ . "Zlender"^^ . "Bojan Zlender"^^ . . "Marjan"^^ . "Hagenzieker"^^ . "Marjan Hagenzieker"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Driving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicines\r\nin Europe — findings from the DRUID project. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDAreport.pdf"^^ . . . "Driving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicines\r\nin Europe — findings from the DRUID project. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #19002 \n\nDriving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicines \nin Europe — findings from the DRUID project.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Drinking and driving"@en . . . "Transportation safety laws (driving)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol in general"@en . . . "Drinking-and-drug driving laws"@en . . . "Prescription drug (medicine / medication)"@en . . . "Drug use and driving"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA launches first European quality standards to improve drug prevention in the EU."^^ . "‘Prevention’ is one of the first issues to be mentioned in the public debate on drugs, but evidence of what works in practice to prevent drug use is often overlooked. Today the EU drugs agency (EMCDDA) launches the first European ‘how to’ guide on conducting high-quality drug prevention. Entitled European drug prevention quality standards: a manual for prevention professionals, it will be presented at an international conference hosted by the agency in Lisbon this week (1).\r\n\r\nDeveloping and implementing best practice in drug prevention in Europe are goals set by the current EU drug strategy and action plan (2). In line with these goals, today’s manual is the culmination of a two-year project to assess existing guidance in this area and to meet the need for a commonly agreed European framework to improve drug prevention in the EU. \r\n\r\nWith support from the European Commission, the project is the fruit of collaboration between the seven organisations of the ‘Prevention Standards Partnership’, working closely with the EMCDDA (3). Bridging science, policy and practice, over 400 international, European and national experts and stakeholders contributed to developing the standards via a dynamic process involving focus groups, consultations and studies."^^ . "2011-12-09" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #16503 \n\nEMCDDA launches first European quality standards to improve drug prevention in the EU.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevention approach"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Amphetamine: a European Union perspective in the global context."^^ . "This joint publication with the European Police Agency, Europol, is an in-depth study on the illicit market in amphetamine. Bringing together data on law enforcement measures such as drug seizures and clandestine laboratory detections with data on drug use prevalence, the report shows that Europe is the world’s number one producer of amphetamine and a major consumer market. As a synthetic drug that can be manufactured close to its market, measures aimed at disrupting amphetamine supply include restricting access to the chemicals used in its production. The illicit market, however, has developed sophisticated responses to these and other control measures. Highlighting the role of cooperation between law enforcement agencies in different countries, the study points to the need for a better understanding of illicit amphetamine markets to underpin a more effective and informed policy response.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tThe global context \r\n•\tAmphetamine production and precursors issues\r\n•\tThe European user markets for amphetamine\r\n•\tAmphetamine production and trafficking in Europe\r\n•\tEuropean and international initiatives\r\n•\tConclusions"^^ . "2011-12" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "Amphetamine: a European Union perspective in the global context. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-Europol_Amphetamine-joint-publication.pdf"^^ . . . "Amphetamine: a European Union perspective in the global context. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16565 \n\nAmphetamine: a European Union perspective in the global context.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Amphetamines"@en . . . "International aspects"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Responding to new psychoactive substances. Drugs in Focus 22."^^ . "This briefing paper describes some of the practical and legal obstacles facing Member States when responding to such new substances. It underlines the importance of national early-warning systems in detecting and identifying new substances as the first step towards assessing the risks of, and ultimately controlling, potentially dangerous new drugs.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tDefinitions\r\n•\tKey issues at a glance\r\n•\tEarly-warning systems\r\n•\tProactive control\r\n•\tAssessing the risks\r\n•\tFaster processes — but supervised\r\n•\tUnintended consequences of control\r\n•\tAre other laws effective?\r\n•\tConclusions and policy considerations\r\n•\tKey sources\r\n•\tWeb information"^^ . "2011-12" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Responding to new psychoactive substances. Drugs in Focus 22. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_DiF22_EN_Responding_to_new_psychoactive_substances.pdf"^^ . . . "Responding to new psychoactive substances. Drugs in Focus 22. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16551 \n\nResponding to new psychoactive substances. Drugs in Focus 22.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "State of health"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol laws"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . "Drugnet Europe 75"^^ . "Drugnet Europe, the EMCDDA's quarterly newsletter, provides regular information on the Agency's activities to a broad readership.\r\n\r\nIn this issue: Drugnet Europe reader survey; monitoring wholesale drug prices in Europe; Eurobarometer survey on young people’s attitudes to drugs; call for input in the development of indicators of drug supply in Europe; forum on new drugs — reflections and conclusions; new EMCDDA products and services."^^ . "2011-07" . . "July–September" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drugnet Europe 75 (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Drugnet75.pdf"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 75 (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 75 (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 75 (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 75 (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 75 (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #15586 \n\nDrugnet Europe 75\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Supply reduction policy"@en . . . "Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person)"@en . . . "Attitude toward drugs and alcohol" . . . "Europe"@en . . "Developing a set of indicators on drug markets, crime and supply reduction in Europe: your input is welcome"^^ . "The need to scale up the monitoring of illicit drug supply in Europe is an important component of the current EU action plan and EMCDDA work programme 2010–12. In October 2010, the first European conference on drug supply indicators, organised by the European Commission and the EMCDDA, with the active involvement of Europol, (1) initiated work on the conceptualisation of technically sound and sustainable indicators in this area of key importance for European drug policy.\r\n\r\nAccording to the strategy adopted, the overall conceptual framework to monitor illicit drug supply will integrate three components: drug markets, drug-related crime and drug supply reduction. Special attention will be given to the possible standardisation, extension and improvement of existing data-collection systems and targeted research will be used to improve understanding of the topic. Three working groups, supported by the EMCDDA, will produce a roadmap in 2011 comprising short, medium and long-term monitoring objectives for the three areas."^^ . "2011-05-13" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #15074 \n\nDeveloping a set of indicators on drug markets, crime and supply reduction in Europe: your input is welcome\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . "Drugnet Europe 74."^^ . "Drugnet Europe, the EMCDDA's quarterly newsletter, provides regular information on the Agency's activities to a broad readership.\r\n\r\nIn this issue: Over 40 new drugs reported in 2010, HIV in the European region: unity and diversity, Mapping ‘drug squads’ in Europe, Feature: Khat use in Europe implications for European policy."^^ . "2011-05" . . "April–June" . . "EMCDDA"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drugnet Europe 74. (PDF)"^^ . . . "DRUGNET_74.pdf"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 74. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 74. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 74. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 74. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 74. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #15072 \n\nDrugnet Europe 74.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Khat"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol substance by legal status"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "HIV infection"@en . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . "EMCDDA to acknowledge excellence in scientific writing"^^ . "Europe’s top scientific papers on drug-related topics will be acknowledged this year in a new award launched by the EU drugs agency (EMCDDA). The prize giving, to take place annually in Lisbon, will celebrate excellence in scientific writing in this area of critical concern to EU citizens. The inaugural event will take place in the margins of the EMCDDA Scientific Committee meeting, being held in the Portuguese capital from 14–15 November. This EMCDDA advisory body is composed of 16 renowned scientists appointed on the basis of merit and independence.\r\n\r\nArticles eligible for nomination for the award will focus on illicit drugs, although findings on licit substances may also be included. The articles will have been published in 2010 in peer-reviewed scientific journals, with the primary author based in an EU Member State or Norway."^^ . "2011-03-04" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #14787 \n\nEMCDDA to acknowledge excellence in scientific writing\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Information transfer"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Research dissemination"@en . . "Drugnet Europe 73."^^ . "Drugnet Europe, the EMCDDA's quarterly newsletter, provides regular information on the Agency's activities to a broad readership.\r\n\r\nIn this issue: mephedrone ban across the EU; Poland passes new law to control ‘head shops’ and ‘legal highs’; a new European Society for Prevention Research; 2011 EMCDDA work programme; a new prize for top scientific papers; new EMCDDA products and services."^^ . "2011-03" . . "January - March" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drugnet Europe 73. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "DRUGNET_73.pdf"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 73. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 73. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 73. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 73. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drugnet Europe 73. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #14817 \n\nDrugnet Europe 73.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol substance by legal status"@en . . . "Identification and screening for drugs and alcohol use" . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "ECDC and EMCDDA guidance. Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs."^^ . "2011" . . . "ECDC"^^ . . "ECDC"^^ . . . . "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "ECDC and EMCDDA guidance. Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . "ECDC-EMCDDA IDU guidance.pdf"^^ . . . "ECDC and EMCDDA guidance. Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "ECDC and EMCDDA guidance. Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "ECDC and EMCDDA guidance. Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "ECDC and EMCDDA guidance. Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "ECDC and EMCDDA guidance. Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #23443 \n\nECDC and EMCDDA guidance. Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Bacterial disease"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Guidelines for the treatment of drug dependence: a European perspective."^^ . "At least 1.1 million Europeans are estimated to have received treatment for drug dependence during 2009, mostly through opioid substitution, detoxification and psychosocial interventions, delivered in a variety of settings. While more than half of the clients received opioid substitution treatment, a substantial number received other forms of treatment for problems related to opioids, stimulants, cannabis and other illicit drugs. \r\n\r\nThe quality of interventions is underpinned by treatment guidelines. This Selected issue focuses on the topic of improving treatment quality by the development of guidelines, and provides an overview of existing national guidelines for the treatment of drug dependence in Europe.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n * Introduction\r\n * Setting the scene: national treatment guidelines\r\n * Evolution of national treatment guidelines in Europe\r\n * A bookshelf of European drug dependence treatment guidelines\r\n * Developing national guidelines: lessons from experience\r\n * National and WHO guidelines for the treatment of opioid dependence: differences and similarities\r\n * Conclusions"^^ . "2011" . . . . "Publications Offi ce of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Guidelines for the treatment of drug dependence: a European perspective. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_SI_treatment-guidelines.pdf"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the treatment of drug dependence: a European perspective. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16292 \n\nGuidelines for the treatment of drug dependence: a European perspective.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Practice / clinical guidelines"@en . . . "Health care quality control" . . . "General treatment method concepts"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Hepatitis and drug use."^^ . "EMCDDA thematic page on hepatitis and drug use.\r\n\r\nIn Europe, injecting drug use is a major transmission route for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Estimates suggest that around 1 million people who have injected drugs may be living with HCV in the EU today. Typically between 40 % and 90 % of injecting drug users are infected, and many contract the disease soon after their first injection. This is due to unsafe injecting practices which include sharing of needles/syringes and other injection materials. The high prevalence of HCV infection among drug injectors represents a serious public health problem for the EU, made worse by the fact that many of those who have contracted the virus are unaware of their infection status. HCV infection may lead to severe chronic liver disease and premature death. This can occur after many years of asymptomatic infection."^^ . "2011" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #14727 \n\nHepatitis and drug use.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Hepatitis C"@en . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Hepatitis B"@en . . . "Hepatitis A"@en . . . "Viral hepatitis"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . "Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs."^^ . "Seven interventions, one aim: no infections among people who inject drugs. In a new guidance document out today, EU agencies ECDC and the EMCDDA have joined forces to identify seven interventions to reduce and prevent infectious diseases in this vulnerable population. Many European countries have achieved substantial progress in recent years in preventing drug-related infections. Drug injecting, however, remains a major cause of infectious diseases across Europe.\r\n\r\nThe interventions proposed range from the supply of injection equipment, testing and vaccination to the treatment of infections and drug dependence. These are best applied in combination and ideally in the same venue for maximum effect."^^ . "2011" . . . . "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"^^ . . . . "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "ECDC-EMCDDA_IDU_guidance___web_version.pdf"^^ . . . "Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA_Prevention_and_control_of_infectious_diseases_Findings.pdf"^^ . . . "Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (Image (PNG))"^^ . . . . . . "preview.png"^^ . . . "Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16075 \n\nPrevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "HIV prevention"@en . . . "Hepatitis B"@en . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Hepatitis C"@en . . . "International aspects"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Annual report 2011: the state of the drugs problem in Europe."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policymakers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n* Commentary\r\n* Policies and laws\r\n* Responding to drug problems in Europe — an overview\r\n* Cannabis\r\n* Amphetamines, ecstasy and hallucinogenic substances\r\n* Cocaine and crack cocaine\r\n* Opioid use and drug injection\r\n* Drug-related infectious diseases and drug-related deaths\r\n* New drugs and emerging trends"^^ . "2011" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Annual report 2011: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_AR2011_EN.pdf"^^ . . . "Annual report 2011: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16288 \n\nAnnual report 2011: the state of the drugs problem in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Communicable disease"@en . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "CNS stimulants"@en . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Cost and financing of drug treatment services in Europe."^^ . "This Selected issue provides an exploratory European overview of costs associated with treatment for drug dependence. The cost of drug treatment in Europe is looked at from two main angles in this report. First, an overview is presented of the main sources of funding for drug treatment and the financing mechanisms that are employed in a number of European countries. This is followed by a focused analysis of the unit costs of the four main drug treatment modalities (detoxification, psychosocial inpatient, psychosocial outpatient and opioid substitution treatment). \r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n * Introductory note and acknowledgements\r\n * Exploring the cost and fi nancing of drug treatment services in Europe\r\n * Financing drug treatment\r\n * Estimating expenditure on drug treatment in Europe\r\n * Unit costs of drug treatment\r\n * Conclusions"^^ . "2011" . . . "Publications Offi ce of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Offi ce of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Cost and financing of drug treatment services in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_financing_TDSI11001ENC.pdf"^^ . . . "Cost and financing of drug treatment services in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16291 \n\nCost and financing of drug treatment services in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Health care economics"@en . . . "Economic policy"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Economic aspects of drugs and alcohol (cost / pricing)"@en . . "EMCDDA manuals no 7. European drug prevention quality standards. A manual for prevention professionals."^^ . "The common view of drug prevention, particularly in lay audiences, is that it consists of informing (generally warning) young people about the effects (most commonly the dangers) of drug use. Prevention is then often equated with (mass media)campaigns. However, there is currently no evidence to suggest that the sole provision of information on drug effects has an impact on drug use behaviour, or that mass media campaigns are cost-effective. In reality, the challenge of prevention lies in helping young people to adjust their behaviour, capacities, and wellbeing in fields of multiple influences such as social norms, interaction with peers, living conditions, and their own personality traits. This view is also reflected in current prevention approaches. To provide a simplified overview, environmental prevention strategies target social norms, universal prevention targets skills development and interaction with peers and social life, selective prevention focuses on living and social conditions, and indicated prevention facilitates dealing and coping with individual personality traits and psychopathology."^^ . "2011" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 7. European drug prevention quality standards. A manual for prevention professionals. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "European_drug_prevention_quality_standards.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 7. European drug prevention quality standards. A manual for prevention professionals. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . . . "Brotherhood_A_1_findings.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 7. European drug prevention quality standards. A manual for prevention professionals. (Image (PNG))"^^ . . . . . . "preview.png"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 7. European drug prevention quality standards. A manual for prevention professionals. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 7. European drug prevention quality standards. A manual for prevention professionals. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16505 \n\nEMCDDA manuals no 7. European drug prevention quality standards. A manual for prevention professionals.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Prevention approach"@en . . . "Workforce / staff skills and training"@en . . . "Practice / clinical guidelines"@en . . . "Drug or health care worker"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA: Work programme 2011"^^ . "The 2011 work programme takes forward activities begun in 2010 to implement the EMCDDA’s three-year strategy (2010–12). Key themes of this strategy are the consolidation of core data, investment in more complex and policy-relevant analysis, and the development of a small number of new areas of strategic importance. Progress was made in all these areas in 2010, and this document details the next steps to be taken."^^ . "2011" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA: Work programme 2011 (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Work_programme_2011[1].pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA: Work programme 2011 (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA: Work programme 2011 (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA: Work programme 2011 (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA: Work programme 2011 (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA: Work programme 2011 (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #14622 \n\nEMCDDA: Work programme 2011\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2010."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA’s activities over a 12-month period. It catalogues the Centre’s achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\nPart I: Report of activities \r\n•\tOverview\r\n•\tCore business: monitoring and reporting on the drugs problem\r\n•\tSupporting drug policy dialogue and technical cooperation\r\n•\tSupporting the achievement of results\r\n\r\nPart II: Management and internal control systems \r\n•\tCharacteristics and nature of EMCDDA management and internal control systems\r\n•\tAssessment and improvement of management and internal control systems\r\n•\tDeclaration of assurance of Authorising Officer"^^ . "2011" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2010. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_activities_2010.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2010. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2010. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2010. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2010. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2010. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #15319 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2010.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Khat use in Europe: implications for European policy"^^ . "Khat refers to the young and tender leaves and shoots of the khat tree (Catha edulis). Khat has many names including ‘qat’ (Yemen), ‘jad’ or ‘chad’ (Ethiopia, Somalia), ‘miraa’ (Kenya) or ‘marungi’ (Uganda, Rwanda). The soft leaves and tender stems are chewed and kept in a tight wad in the cheek pocket."^^ . "2011" . . . "Office for Offical Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Khat use in Europe: implications for European policy (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Khat_use_in_Europe.pdf"^^ . . . "Khat use in Europe: implications for European policy (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Khat use in Europe: implications for European policy (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Khat use in Europe: implications for European policy (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Khat use in Europe: implications for European policy (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Khat use in Europe: implications for European policy (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #15427 \n\nKhat use in Europe: implications for European policy\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Policy"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Khat"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Mortality related to drug use in Europe."^^ . "This Selected issue focuses on mortality among drug users due to all causes, of which drug-induced deaths (overdoses) is only a component, albeit the one most well-documented. The publication begins with an introduction to mortality cohort studies and then reviews the findings on overall mortality rates in Europe. The available sources of data are examined to explore the main causes of deaths among drug users and the latest information on risk and protective factors. The Selected issue finishes with a discussion of the public health implications of drug-related mortality and the options available for prevention and intervention.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n * Introduction\r\n * Key findings from recent mortality cohorts in Europe\r\n * What are the major causes of death among problem drug users?\r\n * Public health perspectives and implications\r\n * Towards a better understanding of drug-related mortality for more effective action"^^ . "2011" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Mortality related to drug use in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Mortality_TDSI11003ENC_web.pdf"^^ . . . "Mortality related to drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16290 \n\nMortality related to drug use in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Online sales of new psychoactive substances/'legal highs': summary of results from the 2011 multilingual snapshots."^^ . "The EMCDDA monitors unregulated psychoactive products — the so-called ‘legal highs’ — sold via the Internet and advertised with aggressive and sophisticated marketing strategies, and in some cases intentionally mislabelled with declared ingredients differing from the actual composition. The ‘legal highs’ market is distinguished by the speed at which suppliers circumvent drug controls by offering new alternatives. \r\n\r\nThe EMCDDA has been monitoring the marketing of these new psychoactive substances since 2006 through multilingual Internet ‘snapshots’, which function as rapid assessments of the online availability of substances, undertaken during a limited time window. Changes in the methods used have increased the quality and coverage of these surveys, but mean that data for different snapshots may not be directly comparable. This paper presents findings from the two most recent snapshots, performed in January and July 2011.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n * Background\r\n * EMCDDA snapshot methodology\r\n * Results\r\n * Restrictions on deliveries and ‘disclaimers’\r\n * Products and prices\r\n * Conclusions\r\n * References"^^ . "2011" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Online sales of new psychoactive substances/'legal highs': summary of results from the 2011 multilingual snapshots. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_SnapshotSummary.pdf"^^ . . . "Online sales of new psychoactive substances/'legal highs': summary of results from the 2011 multilingual snapshots. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16289 \n\nOnline sales of new psychoactive substances/'legal highs': summary of results from the 2011 multilingual snapshots.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Context discouraging drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Internet retailing (online sales)"@en . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Pilot study on wholesale drug prices in Europe."^^ . "The European Union Drug Strategy for the period 2009–12 sets the goal to yield concrete and identifiable improvements concerning the knowledge of drugs trafficking. In addition, the EU Drugs Action Plan for 2009–12 defines among others the objectives to develop key-indicators of policy-relevant data on drug markets, as well as a strategy to collect them. This Pilot study on wholesale drug markets aims to contribute to this process, starting by discussing the utility of collecting wholesale drug prices in Europe. In order to assess the feasibility of this collection process, this study provides an overview of the procedures implemented nationally and of the information available in European countries on wholesale drug prices.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tDefining wholesale drug prices\r\n•\t‘Need to know approach’: Why collect wholesale drug prices?\r\n•\tEnhancing the utility of collecting wholesale drug prices\r\n•\tData availability in Europe, at national level\r\n•\tThe Questionnaire on wholesale drug prices\r\n•\tResults from two rounds of data collection (2008 and 2009 data)\r\n•\tNational overviews of collection procedures\r\n•\tConclusions\r\n\r\n•\tOnline annexes \r\no\tEuropean drug wholesale prices 2008\r\no\tEuropean drug wholesale prices 2009\r\no\tEuropean drug wholesale prices (sample submission), examples"^^ . "2011" . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Pilot study on wholesale drug prices in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_PilotStudy_WDP_in_Europe.pdf"^^ . . . "Pilot study on wholesale drug prices in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #16188 \n\nPilot study on wholesale drug prices in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Economic availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Economic aspects of drugs and alcohol (cost / pricing)"@en . . "Prevention profiles 2011."^^ . "What are countries in Europe doing to prevent illicit drug use? 'Prevention profiles' try to answer this question by providing information based on expert appraisal of the level of provision of different prevention measures in Europe."^^ . "2011" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #16185 \n\nPrevention profiles 2011.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Universal prevention"@en . . . "Prevention programme or service"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevention by sponsor or setting"@en . . "Statistical bulletin 2011."^^ . "The Statistical bulletin is published yearly by the EMCDDA and provides access to the most recent statistical data relating to the drugs situation in Europe. Statistics are organised by category. In addition to the statistical tables and graphs, an overview of the data is provided for each category.\r\n\r\nOverviews for Europe and 'country overviews', including Ireland are availabe.\r\n\r\nContents:\r\n• Drug use among the general population and young people\r\n• Prevention\r\n• Problem drug use\r\n• Treatment demand\r\n• Drug-related infectious diseases\r\n• Drug-related deaths\r\n• Treatment responses\r\n• Harm reduction responses\r\n• Drug markets and drug-related offences \r\n• National drug laws\r\n• National drug strategy\r\n• Coordination mechanism in the field of drugs\r\n• Drug-related research"^^ . "2011" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #15525 \n\nStatistical bulletin 2011.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prison"@en . . . "Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person)"@en . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related crime"@en . . . "State of health"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Quantitative data analysis"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of mephedrone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "This publication presents the summary findings and the conclusions of the risk assessment on mephedrone, carried out by the EMCDDA’s extended Scientific Committee, with participation of additional experts from the European Commission, Europol and the EMA. The risk assessment report, which was submitted to the European Commission and the Council of the European Union 26 May 2010, examines the health and social risks of the drug, as well as information on international trafficking and the involvement of organised crime. Furthermore, the report considers the potential implications for placing the drug under control in the EU. On the basis of this report — and on the initiative of the European Commission — on 2 December 2010, the Council decided that mephedrone is to be subject to control measures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tPhysical and chemical description of mephedrone and its mechanisms of action, including its medical value\r\n•\tChemical precursors that are used for the manufacture of mephedrone\r\n•\tHealth risks associated with mephedrone\r\n•\tSocial risks associated with mephedrone\r\n•\tInformation on the level of involvement of organised crime and information on seizures and/or detections by the authorities, and the manufacture of mephedrone\r\n•\tInformation on any assessment of mephedrone in the United Nations system\r\n•\tDescription of the control measures that are applicable to mephedrone in the Member States\r\n•\tOptions for control and the possible consequences of the control measures\r\n•\tConclusion\r\n•\tList of annexes"^^ . "2011" . . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Ana"^^ . "Gallegos"^^ . "Ana Gallegos"^^ . . "Roumen"^^ . "Sedefov"^^ . "Roumen Sedefov"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of mephedrone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Riskpsychoactive_substances.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of mephedrone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of mephedrone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of mephedrone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of mephedrone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of mephedrone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #15017 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of mephedrone in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Mephedrone" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . "Europe faces new challenges posed by changes in drug supply and use."^^ . "2010-11-10" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #14185 \n\nEurope faces new challenges posed by changes in drug supply and use.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Mephedrone" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Supply reduction policy"@en . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "CNS stimulants"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . "Over 1 million drug users a year in treatment, but considerable challenges remain."^^ . "2010-11-10" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #14184 \n\nOver 1 million drug users a year in treatment, but considerable challenges remain.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . "EMCDDA statistical bulletin 2010."^^ . "The Statistical bulletin is published yearly by the EMCDDA and provides access to the most recent statistical data relating to the drugs situation in Europe. Statistics are organised by category. In addition to the statistical tables and graphs, an overview of the data is provided for each category.\r\n\r\nOverviews for Europe and 'country overviews', including Ireland are availabe.\r\n\r\nContents:\r\n•\tDrug use among the general population and young people\r\n•\tPrevention\r\n•\tProblem drug use\r\n•\tTreatment demand\r\n•\tDrug-related infectious diseases\r\n•\tDrug-related deaths\r\n•\tTreatment responses\r\n•\tHarm reduction responses\r\n•\tDrug markets and drug-related offences \r\n•\tNational drug laws\r\n•\tNational drug strategy\r\n•\tCoordination mechanism in the field of drugs\r\n•\tDrug-related research"^^ . "2010-07-15" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #13415 \n\nEMCDDA statistical bulletin 2010.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Ireland"@en . . . "Quantitative data analysis"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . "Drug use and pregnancy: challenges for public health"^^ . "Every year, some 30 000 pregnant women are estimated to be using opioids in Europe.\r\n\r\nIn an article published in Eurosurveillance, EMCDDA authors explore the public health challenges related to problem drug use and pregnancy in Europe today as well as the intervention strategies likely to alleviate them.\r\n \r\nThe article reviews four challenges in particular: treatment of drug dependence; infectious disease transmission; dual diagnosis (co-morbidity of substance use and mental illness); and poor social and personal welfare (e.g. homelessness, intimate partner violence)."^^ . "2010-07-01" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #13283 \n\nDrug use and pregnancy: challenges for public health\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "State of health"@en . . . "Pregnancy"@en . . . "Pregnant woman"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Health care delivery" . . "Drugnet Europe 71."^^ . "In this issue: injecting drug use stable or declining; early-warning system annual meeting; EU scientific experts to assess risks of mephedrone; harm reduction moves to the mainstream; EMCDDA and EMA step up cooperation; European technical conference on drug supply indicators coming up; EMCDDA-CICAD cooperation; new products and services."^^ . "2010-07" . "July–September" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #13414 \n\nDrugnet Europe 71.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA 2010 selected issue: trends in injecting drug use in Europe."^^ . "Trends in injecting drug use in Europe is the title of the latest EMCDDA Selected issue publication. This volume brings together data from a wide variety of sources as it describes Europe’s current drug injecting problem and plots its trends in recent years.\r\n\r\nResponses to drug injecting and measures to reduce the harm caused by this form of drug use are also reviewed. The report finds that the available data point to a stable or declining trend of injecting in most European countries, with effective treatment and harm-reduction measures now reaching many users. Despite this, there is still a large population of drug injectors in Europe, and there continue to be signs of recent recruitment in some countries."^^ . "2010-06-24" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA 2010 selected issue: trends in injecting drug use in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_SI10_injecting.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2010 selected issue: trends in injecting drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2010 selected issue: trends in injecting drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2010 selected issue: trends in injecting drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2010 selected issue: trends in injecting drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2010 selected issue: trends in injecting drug use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13266 \n\nEMCDDA 2010 selected issue: trends in injecting drug use in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "EMCDDA manuals no 4. Prevention and evaluation resources kit (PERK)."^^ . "This manual compiles basic but evidence-based prevention principles, planning rules and evaluation tips. Additionally, it provides related documentation or references for download; it is hoped that this additional material will be particularly useful for readers who have difficulty accessing the scientific prevention literature. To illustrate the theoretical discussion, an intervention example, partly based on a real-life situation, gives a practical perspective.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nIntroduction\r\nStep 1 ─ Needs assessment\r\nStep 2a ─ Clarify goals and a working hypothesis\r\nStep 2b ─ Define contents and objectives\r\nStep 3 ─ Select strategies and delivery\r\nStep 4 ─ Feasibility check\r\nStep 5 ─ Implementation and process evaluation\r\nStep 6 ─ Outcome evaluation\r\nStep 7 — Wrap-up and conclusion\r\n\r\nAdditional online resources\r\nDefinitions in prevention and scope of PERK\r\nLogic model\r\nStep 1: Resources\r\nStep 2a: Resources | Models and theories\r\nSteb 2b: Resources | Theory\r\nStep 3: Resources | Theory\r\nStep 4: Resources\r\nStep 5: Resources\r\nStep 6: Resources\r\nStep 7: Resources"^^ . "2010-06-14" . . . "The Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "The Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 4. Prevention and evaluation resources kit (PERK). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_manual_4_prevention.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 4. Prevention and evaluation resources kit (PERK). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 4. Prevention and evaluation resources kit (PERK). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 4. Prevention and evaluation resources kit (PERK). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 4. Prevention and evaluation resources kit (PERK). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 4. Prevention and evaluation resources kit (PERK). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13200 \n\nEMCDDA manuals no 4. Prevention and evaluation resources kit (PERK).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevention approach"@en . . . "Practice / clinical guidelines"@en . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "Prevention programme or service"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Workforce / staff skills and training"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2009."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA’s activities over a 12-month period. It catalogues the Centre’s achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nPart I: Report of activities \r\nOverview\r\n•\tCore business: monitoring and reporting on the drugs problem\r\n•\tSupport activities — improving efficiency and effectiveness\r\nPart II: Management and internal control systems \r\n•\tCharacteristics and nature of EMCDDA management and internal control systems\r\n•\tAssessment and improvement of management and internal control systems\r\n•\tDeclaration of assurance of Authorising Officer"^^ . "2010-06" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2009. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_genral_activities_2009.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2009. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2009. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2009. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2009. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2009. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13243 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2009.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Thematic paper. Children's voices. Experiences and perceptions of European children on drug and alcohol issues."^^ . "The purpose of this paper is to give meaning and insight into some of the key drug and alcohol issues that affect children from the perspectives of the children themselves. It is not to estimate the relative magnitude of a specific drug or alcohol problem or the numbers of children affected by it. Each section of this paper is preceded by one or two key statistics and whilst the quotations that follow may highlight a need to develop more robust and detailed statistics on a key issue, the overriding objective is to give the children a voice.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tLiving with parents with drug or alcohol problems\r\n•\tChildren looked after by relatives, foster carers and institutions\r\n•\tChildren’s experiences and perceptions of alcohol and drug consumption\r\n•\tChildren’s perceptions about alcohol and drug interventions\r\n•\tConclusions\r\n•\tAcknowledgements\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tQuotation sources"^^ . "2010-05-28" . . . "The Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "The Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Gregor"^^ . "Burkhart"^^ . "Gregor Burkhart"^^ . . "Alessandra"^^ . "Bo"^^ . "Alessandra Bo"^^ . . "Deborah"^^ . "Olszewski"^^ . "Deborah Olszewski"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Thematic paper. Children's voices. Experiences and perceptions of European children on drug and alcohol issues. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_ChildrenVoices.pdf"^^ . . . "Thematic paper. Children's voices. Experiences and perceptions of European children on drug and alcohol issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Thematic paper. Children's voices. Experiences and perceptions of European children on drug and alcohol issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Thematic paper. Children's voices. Experiences and perceptions of European children on drug and alcohol issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Thematic paper. Children's voices. Experiences and perceptions of European children on drug and alcohol issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Thematic paper. Children's voices. Experiences and perceptions of European children on drug and alcohol issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13131 \n\nThematic paper. Children's voices. Experiences and perceptions of European children on drug and alcohol issues.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Family role"@en . . . "Attitude toward drugs and alcohol" . . . "Child of drugs and alcohol user"@en . . . "Parent-child relations"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Child"@en . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone)."^^ . "Europe has responded to rising concern over the use of the synthetic drug mephedrone by formally requesting a scientific investigation into the health and social risks of the substance. The decision was communicated to the EU drugs agency (EMCDDA) by the Council of the EU , in line with a legal procedure designed to respond to potentially threatening new psychoactive drugs in the EU."^^ . "2010-05-27" . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction & EUROPOL"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction & EUROPOL"^^ . . . . . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Europol-EMCDDA_Joint_Report_Mephedrone[1].pdf"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (PDF)"^^ . . . . "EMCDDA_EUROPOL_Mephadrone_annex_1.pdf"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (PDF)"^^ . . . . "EMCDDA_EUROPOL_Mephadrone_annex_2.pdf"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (PDF)"^^ . . . . "EMCDDA_EUROPOL_Mephadrone_annex_3_Online_mephedrone_shops.pdf"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Europol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13130 \n\nEuropol–EMCDDA joint report on a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "CNS stimulants"@en . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Mephedrone" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2009 Annual Report on the implementation of\r\nCouncil Decision 2005/387/JHA"^^ . "2010-04-23" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2009 Annual Report on the implementation of\r\nCouncil Decision 2005/387/JHA (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-Europol_Annual_Report_2009.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2009 Annual Report on the implementation of\r\nCouncil Decision 2005/387/JHA (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2009 Annual Report on the implementation of\r\nCouncil Decision 2005/387/JHA (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2009 Annual Report on the implementation of\r\nCouncil Decision 2005/387/JHA (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2009 Annual Report on the implementation of\r\nCouncil Decision 2005/387/JHA (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA–Europol 2009 Annual Report on the implementation of\r\nCouncil Decision 2005/387/JHA (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13053 \n\nEMCDDA–Europol 2009 Annual Report on the implementation of \nCouncil Decision 2005/387/JHA\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol substance by legal status"@en . . "Harm reduction moves to the mainstream: EU drugs agency publishes major work on harm reduction: past, present and future"^^ . "(21.4.2010, LISBON) Harm reduction is now an integral part of contemporary drug policies and plays an important role in responding to drug use in Europe. But this has not always been the case, say the experts. In a major new scientific work on the subject published today by the EU drugs agency (EMCDDA), leading European and international specialists chart how harm reduction shifted from controversy to mainstream. \r\n\r\nIn this latest EMCDDA monograph — Harm reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges — over 50 authors examine two decades of harm reduction research and practice in Europe and beyond (1). They also wrestle with how the concept may broaden and evolve as patterns of drug use change."^^ . "2010-04-23" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #13051 \n\nHarm reduction moves to the mainstream: EU drugs agency publishes major work on harm reduction: past, present and future\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Harm reduction policy"@en . . . "Harm reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges"^^ . "2010-04-23" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Harm reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-monograph10-harm_reduction.pdf"^^ . . . "Harm reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Harm reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Harm reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Harm reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Harm reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13050 \n\nHarm reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Harm reduction policy"@en . . "EMCDDA manuals no 5. Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe: issues and challenges."^^ . "Prices are an essential element of the illicit drug market, from both a supply and demand perspective. They are an indicator of drug availability and are an important tool for understanding the workings of drug supply mechanisms. They may also be used to help target law enforcement resources and assist criminal justice agencies with decisions related to prosecution and sentencing (e.g. assets recovery).\r\n\r\nThe EMCDDA has been collecting information on retail drug prices via its Reitox focal points for the last 15 years. Although considerable progress has been made in this area, there is still variation in data collection in Europe. To address this issue, the EMCDDA has released these Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe: issues and challenges in its Manuals series.\r\n\r\nThe Manual raises awareness on specific issues related to collecting data on retail drug prices and offers practical suggestions. It addresses difficulties in obtaining a definition of 'retail' prices, and discusses the challenge of obtaining a representative sample of illicit, and therefore hidden, transactions. Suggestions are made for a minimum set of variables to be recorded for each observation. Targeted at all those involved in data collection on drug prices in Europe, the Manual reviews the main data-collection methods, current national practices and data-management issues.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nChapter 1: Introduction\r\nChapter 2: General data collection issues\r\nChapter 3: Principal methods of data collection in Europe\r\nChapter 4: General data management, reporting and analysis issues"^^ . "2010-04" . . . "The Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "The Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 5. Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe: issues and challenges. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Manuals_5_Guidelines_on_retail_drug_prices.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 5. Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe: issues and challenges. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 5. Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe: issues and challenges. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 5. Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe: issues and challenges. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 5. Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe: issues and challenges. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 5. Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe: issues and challenges. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13245 \n\nEMCDDA manuals no 5. Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe: issues and challenges.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Recommendations or guidelines"@en . . . "Economic aspects of drugs and alcohol (cost / pricing)"@en . . . "Data collection method"@en . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Risk assessment of new psychoactive substances — operating guidelines."^^ . "The principal aim of these guidelines is to put in place a sound methodological and procedural basis for carrying out each risk assessment, by using a semi-quantitative assessment procedure. This publication is a revision of the Guidelines for the risk assessment of new synthetic drugs (published in the same series, in 1999).\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tChapter 1: Legal basis and scope\r\n•\tChapter 2: General considerations for risk assessment\r\n•\tChapter 3: A conceptual framework for risk assessment\r\n•\tChapter 4: Headings for the Risk Assessment Report\r\n•\tChapter 5: Assessing the risk relative to other substances\r\n•\tChapter 1: Conclusion\r\n•\tReferences\r\n•\tAnnex I: Technical report\r\n•\tAnnex II: Semi-quantitative assessment procedure\r\n•\tAnnex III: Expert's scoring form\r\n•\tAppendix: Council Decision 2005/387/JHA"^^ . "2010-03" . . . "The Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "The Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Risk assessment of new psychoactive substances — operating guidelines. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_RiskGuidelines2010.pdf"^^ . . . "Risk assessment of new psychoactive substances — operating guidelines. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Risk assessment of new psychoactive substances — operating guidelines. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Risk assessment of new psychoactive substances — operating guidelines. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Risk assessment of new psychoactive substances — operating guidelines. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Risk assessment of new psychoactive substances — operating guidelines. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13247 \n\nRisk assessment of new psychoactive substances — operating guidelines.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Practice / clinical guidelines"@en . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . "EMCDDA manuals no 6. Guidelines for testing HIV, viral hepatitis and other infections in injecting drug users. A manual for provider-initiated voluntary medical examination,\r\ntesting and counselling."^^ . "Infectious diseases are among the most serious health consequences of injecting drug use and can lead to significant healthcare costs. Injecting drug users are vulnerable to a range of infectious and communicable diseases through a variety of risk behaviours, and because of underlying conditions such as poor hygiene, homelessness and poverty. \r\n\r\nThere is a recognised need for guidance on providing IDUs with a medical examination and testing for HIV, viral hepatitis and several other infections on a regular basis. In addition, improving testing uptake in this group would benefit epidemiological surveillance and monitoring as carried out at the national and international level. \r\n\r\nThese guidelines are accompanied by a recommended package of prevention and primary care in relation to injecting drug users and infections. Treatment and other specialist care are not discussed in detail but are dealt with by indicating referral to appropriate services.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tSummary\r\n•\tMethodology and scope\r\n•\tPart 1: Guidelines for voluntary medical examination, testing and counselling\r\n•\t Chapter 1: Introduction\r\n•\t Chapter 2: Providing medical examination, testing and counselling to IDUs\r\n•\tPart 2: Background and implementation of the guidelines\r\n•\t Chapter 3: Background\r\n•\t Chapter 4: Implementation"^^ . "2010" . . . "The Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "The Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 6. Guidelines for testing HIV, viral hepatitis and other infections in injecting drug users. A manual for provider-initiated voluntary medical examination,\r\ntesting and counselling. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Manual_6_2010.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 6. Guidelines for testing HIV, viral hepatitis and other infections in injecting drug users. A manual for provider-initiated voluntary medical examination,\r\ntesting and counselling. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 6. Guidelines for testing HIV, viral hepatitis and other infections in injecting drug users. A manual for provider-initiated voluntary medical examination,\r\ntesting and counselling. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 6. Guidelines for testing HIV, viral hepatitis and other infections in injecting drug users. A manual for provider-initiated voluntary medical examination,\r\ntesting and counselling. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 6. Guidelines for testing HIV, viral hepatitis and other infections in injecting drug users. A manual for provider-initiated voluntary medical examination,\r\ntesting and counselling. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA manuals no 6. Guidelines for testing HIV, viral hepatitis and other infections in injecting drug users. A manual for provider-initiated voluntary medical examination,\r\ntesting and counselling. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13982 \n\nEMCDDA manuals no 6. Guidelines for testing HIV, viral hepatitis and other infections in injecting drug users. A manual for provider-initiated voluntary medical examination, \ntesting and counselling.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Practice / clinical guidelines"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Medical screening and diagnostic method"@en . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Health care quality control" . . . "Identification and screening" . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Viral hepatitis"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "HIV infection"@en . . . "Annual report 2010: the state of the drugs problem in Europe."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policymakers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n * Commentary\r\n * Policies and laws\r\n * Responding to drug problems in Europe — an overview\r\n * Cannabis\r\n * Amphetamines, ecstasy and hallucinogenic substances\r\n * Cocaine and crack cocaine\r\n * Opioid use and drug injection\r\n * Drug-related infectious diseases and drug-related deaths\r\n * New drugs and emerging trends"^^ . "2010" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Annual report 2010: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_AR2010_EN.pdf"^^ . . . "Annual report 2010: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Annual report 2010: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report 2010: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report 2010: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report 2010: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #14182 \n\nAnnual report 2010: the state of the drugs problem in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Communicable disease"@en . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "CNS stimulants"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Opioids (opiates)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Cocaine: A European Union perspective in the global context."^^ . "This report provides an overview of what is known about how cocaine is produced and trafficked into the European Union. It aims to provide a better understanding of the actors involved, the routes taken, and the scale of the problem in Europe. It also reviews some of the supply reduction responses already developed at European level. Its findings are based on the latest data and analysis available from specialised European and international organisations, NGOs and scholars.\r\n\r\nThis publication is structured in a way that provides a condensed review of key issues relevant to understanding how cocaine reaches European markets. Background information on the chemistry and legal status of cocaine and crack cocaine, as well as key European figures, are also provided.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\r\n * Introduction\r\n * Coca and cocaine production in the Andean-Amazonian region\r\n * Suppressing coca in Colombia\r\n * Production of cocaine base and cocaine hydrochloride\r\n * Main trafficking routes to Europe\r\n * Importation to Europe and distribution\r\n * Supply reduction initiatives at EU level\r\n * Conclusions"^^ . "2010" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Europol"^^ . . . . . . . "Cocaine: A European Union perspective in the global context. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Europol2.pdf"^^ . . . "Cocaine: A European Union perspective in the global context. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Cocaine: A European Union perspective in the global context. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Cocaine: A European Union perspective in the global context. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Cocaine: A European Union perspective in the global context. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Cocaine: A European Union perspective in the global context. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13070 \n\nCocaine: A European Union perspective in the global context.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . "Drugnet Europe 72."^^ . "2010" . "October–December" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #14627 \n\nDrugnet Europe 72.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "The European Union and the drug phenomenon: frequently asked questions."^^ . "Respect for fundamental rights, protection of public health, well-being, social cohesion and security are the objectives that guide the actions taken by the European Union in the field of illicit drugs. The EU drugs strategy 2005–12 provides the framework for enhanced coordination between action taken at national, EU and international level and commits the members of the EU to tackle illicit drugs by striking a balance between reducing supply and demand.\r\n\r\nThis joint publication between the EMCDDA and the European Commission brings together some of the key frequently asked questions on the EU’s drugs policy and how it functions. Further details can be found via the websites and other links provided at the end of each answer.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n1. What are the competences of the EU in the fi eld of drugs under the Lisbon Treaty?\r\n2. Who are the main actors of EU drugs policy?\r\n3. What are the main features of the ‘European approach on drugs’?\r\n4. What is meant by drug demand reduction?\r\n5. What is meant by drug supply reduction?\r\n6. Why are the EU drugs action plans important?\r\n7. Are the EU drugs action plans evaluated? How?\r\n8. How does the EU deal with precursors?\r\n9. How does the EU act at international level on drugs issues?\r\n10. What assistance does the EU provide for candidate and potential candidate countries?\r\n11. What assistance does the EU provide for European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) partners?\r\n12. What does the EU do regarding new psychoactive substances?\r\n13. What is the Early warning system?\r\n14. Where can I fi nd information on national and EU drugs legislation?\r\n15. What about civil society?\r\n16. What is Reitox and what is a national drugs observatory?"^^ . "2010" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "European Commission"^^ . . . . . . . "The European Union and the drug phenomenon: frequently asked questions. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_FAQ_TD3110542ENC-1.pdf"^^ . . . "The European Union and the drug phenomenon: frequently asked questions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "The European Union and the drug phenomenon: frequently asked questions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "The European Union and the drug phenomenon: frequently asked questions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "The European Union and the drug phenomenon: frequently asked questions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "The European Union and the drug phenomenon: frequently asked questions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #14008 \n\nThe European Union and the drug phenomenon: frequently asked questions.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "First European conference on drug supply indicators — key conclusions."^^ . "The main goal of the First European conference on drug supply indicators was to launch the work needed to establish a set of technically sound and sustainable indicators for monitoring drug markets, crime and supply reduction for Europe. The event brought together for the first time a wide range of European and international experts to assess the current state of the art in this domain and develop a realistic strategy for moving forward in an area of importance for European drug policies. The conference was a joint venture between the European Commission (EC) and the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) with the active involvement of Europol.\r\n\r\nThe key conclusions from the event are presented in this document.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tObjectives\r\n•\tKey conclusions and the way forward\r\n•\tWhere do we go next?"^^ . "2010" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . "First European conference on drug supply indicators"^^ . . . . . "Brussels"^^ . . . . . . "First European conference on drug supply indicators — key conclusions. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Supply_conference_conclusions_final[1].pdf"^^ . . . "First European conference on drug supply indicators — key conclusions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "First European conference on drug supply indicators — key conclusions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "First European conference on drug supply indicators — key conclusions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "First European conference on drug supply indicators — key conclusions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "First European conference on drug supply indicators — key conclusions. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #14377 \n\nFirst European conference on drug supply indicators — key conclusions.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Supply reduction policy"@en . . . "Data collection method"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Crime associated with drugs and alcohol production and distribution"@en . . . "Problem amphetamine and methamphetamine use in Europe."^^ . "Focusing on European countries where amphetamine or methamphetamine is an important part of the drug problem, this Selected issue looks at the current situation in the light of the historical development of amphetamines use since the introduction of these substances as medicines in the 1930s. The history of amphetamines use is the result of an interplay of global forces, such as the spread of recreational drug use in the 1960s and the arrival of heroin on the European drug scene in the 1970s, and local events such as the rise of small-scale pervitin (methamphetamine) production in what was then Czechoslovakia. The outcome of this is that, in the present day, problem amphetamines use across Europe is marked by strong national characteristics, possibly more so than any other of the major illicit drugs.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n * Introduction\r\n * Part 1: Overview of amphetamines use in Europe\r\n * Part 2: Problem amphetamines use in Europe\r\n * Conclusions"^^ . "2010" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Problem amphetamine and methamphetamine use in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_SI10_Amphetamines.pdf"^^ . . . "Problem amphetamine and methamphetamine use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Problem amphetamine and methamphetamine use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Problem amphetamine and methamphetamine use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Problem amphetamine and methamphetamine use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Problem amphetamine and methamphetamine use in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #14181 \n\nProblem amphetamine and methamphetamine use in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Methamphetamine"@en . . . "Amphetamines"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Risk assessment report of a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone)."^^ . "On 15 July 2010, the EMCDDA extended Scientific Committee, with the participation of additional experts from the EU Member States, European Commission, Europol and the European Medicines Agency, undertook a formal risk assessment on the synthetic drug mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone). \r\n\r\nThis constituted the second phase in the three-step legal procedure established to monitor and respond to new psychoactive substances in Europe (information exchange/early-warning; risk assessment; decision-making). \r\n\r\nThe risk-assessment report is now submitted to the Commission and Council of the EU in the final stage of the process. On the basis of the report, the Council, upon an initiative of the Commission, may decide to subject mephedrone to control measures throughout the EU."^^ . "2010" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Risk assessment report of a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Risk_Assessment_Report_on_mephedrone.pdf"^^ . . . "Risk assessment report of a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Risk assessment report of a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Risk assessment report of a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Risk assessment report of a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Risk assessment report of a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13862 \n\nRisk assessment report of a new psychoactive substance: 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Legal availability or accessibility"@en . . . "Mephedrone" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Treatment and care for older drug users."^^ . "'Drug problems have no age limits' -- This special review published alongside the 2010 Annual report, reveals why drug use is no longer simply a ‘youth phenomenon’.\r\n\r\nEurope is experiencing a pronounced ageing of its population, around a quarter of which will be aged 65 or over by 2050. Statistics published today show that Europe’s drug-using population is also ageing and that meeting the needs of older drug users is a growing issue for treatment services. This is particularly the case in western countries which saw the EU’s first heroin epidemics in the 1980s and 1990s.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n•\tIntroduction\r\n•\tSetting the scene: ageing and drug use in Europe\r\n•\tAgeing and problem drug use\r\n•\tDrug use, health and social characteristics of older problem drug users in Europe\r\n•\tResponses to older problem drug users: policies, treatment and care\r\n•\tOverall findings"^^ . "2010" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Treatment and care for older drug users. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_SI10_Ageing.pdf"^^ . . . "Treatment and care for older drug users. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Treatment and care for older drug users. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment and care for older drug users. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment and care for older drug users. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment and care for older drug users. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #14180 \n\nTreatment and care for older drug users.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Social support"@en . . . "Elderly / Older person" . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Building a national drugs observatory: a joint handbook."^^ . "National drugs observatories have flourished and developed rapidly over the last two decades as a direct consequence of the decisions taken to establish regional drug monitoring systems, both in the European Union and in the Americas. Initially, there was no reference framework available — observatories were set-up using trial and error, taking into account different national contexts and resources. This explains why today there are as many models of observatories as there are countries establishing them.\r\n\r\nLooking back at this long process, there seemed to be a need to formalise the experiences in the field, and to identify some key concepts and principles that remain valid irrespective of country or region. This handbook, a joint production by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) and the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission of the Organization of American States (CICAD–OAS), presents and describes in a clear and informative way the core operational processes and the key strategic factors that are common to all national drugs observatories.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tWhy do we need a national drugs observatory?\r\n•\tWhat is a national drugs observatory?\r\n•\tRunning a national drugs observatory — data collectionand monitoring\r\n•\tRunning a national drugs observatory — analysis and interpretation\r\n•\tRunning a national drugs observatory — reporting and dissemination\r\n•\tEnsuring a national drugs observatory is successful\r\n•\tChallenging questions\r\n•\tConclusions"^^ . "2010" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . . . . "Alexis"^^ . "Goosdeel"^^ . "Alexis Goosdeel"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission of the Organization of American States"^^ . . . . . . . "Building a national drugs observatory: a joint handbook. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-NDO-handbook-en.pdf"^^ . . . "Building a national drugs observatory: a joint handbook. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Building a national drugs observatory: a joint handbook. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Building a national drugs observatory: a joint handbook. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Building a national drugs observatory: a joint handbook. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Building a national drugs observatory: a joint handbook. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #14047 \n\nBuilding a national drugs observatory: a joint handbook.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Policy implications of research"@en . . . "Prevention through information and education"@en . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Health care quality control" . . . "Information transfer from research to practice"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "EMCDDA conference proceedings: identifying Europe's information needs for effective drug policy."^^ . "The conference Identifying Europe’s information needs for effective drug policy marked the 15th anniversary of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), and our activity of monitoring drugs and drug addiction in the European Union. It had several objectives: to better understand the current needs of policymakers, practitioners and researchers, to identify new developments in the drugs field and new results of drug-related research, and to provide input on the future work of the EMCDDA and its partners.\r\n\r\nThis publication summarises the presentations and discussions from the plenary and parallel sessions. It reflects the dynamism and commitment of those who study and respond to the drugs problem, and who made the conference such a productive, stimulating and successful event. The content of this publication will therefore be a vital tool for guiding the further development of our activities here in Lisbon."^^ . "2009-12" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA conference proceedings: identifying Europe's information needs for effective drug policy. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Conference_proceedings_Information_needs_2009.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA conference proceedings: identifying Europe's information needs for effective drug policy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA conference proceedings: identifying Europe's information needs for effective drug policy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA conference proceedings: identifying Europe's information needs for effective drug policy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA conference proceedings: identifying Europe's information needs for effective drug policy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA conference proceedings: identifying Europe's information needs for effective drug policy. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #12761 \n\nEMCDDA conference proceedings: identifying Europe's information needs for effective drug policy.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Policy implications of research"@en . . . "Information use and impact"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Information transfer"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Health information and education"@en . . . "Annual report 2009: the state of the drugs problem in Europe."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policymakers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\r\n * Policies and laws\r\n * Responding to drug problems in Europe — an overview\r\n * Cannabis\r\n * Amphetamines, ecstasy and LSD\r\n * Cocaine and crack cocaine\r\n * Opioid use and drug injection\r\n * Drug-related infectious diseases and drug-related deaths\r\n * New drugs and emerging trends"^^ . "2009-11-05" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Annual report 2009: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_AR2009_EN.pdf"^^ . . . "Annual report 2009: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Annual report 2009: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report 2009: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report 2009: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report 2009: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #12593 \n\nAnnual report 2009: the state of the drugs problem in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drug offences: sentencing and other outcomes."^^ . "The sentences that offenders receive for drug law violations across the European Union are examined for the first time in this ‘Selected issue’. \r\n\r\nBy analysing the most recent year’s statistics, this report attempts to answer the question: What is the most likely outcome for an offender after being stopped by police for a drug law offence of use or personal possession, or supply or trafficking?\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\r\n * Sketching out the European picture\r\n * Information on drug law offences and outcomes\r\n * Sentencing users and traffickers: problems of separation\r\n * Discontinuance of legal action: a common outcome?\r\n * Penalties received by drug law offenders\r\n * Directing users to treatment\r\n * Online annex: results by country"^^ . "2009-11-05" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug offences: sentencing and other outcomes. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Drug_offences.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug offences: sentencing and other outcomes. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drug offences: sentencing and other outcomes. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug offences: sentencing and other outcomes. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug offences: sentencing and other outcomes. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug offences: sentencing and other outcomes. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #12595 \n\nDrug offences: sentencing and other outcomes.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol related crime"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "EMCDDA 2009 Thematic paper: Understanding the 'Spice' phenomenon."^^ . "Smokable herbal mixtures under the brand name 'Spice' are known to have been sold on the Internet and in various specialised shops since at least 2006 and anecdotal reports suggest that those products may have been available as early as 2004. \r\n\r\nAlthough advertised as an 'exotic incense blend which releases a rich aroma' and 'not for human consumption', when smoked, Spice products have been reported by some users to have effects similar to those of cannabis.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\r\n * Introduction and background\r\n * Herbal components of Spice products\r\n * Cannabinoid receptor agonists: a brief chemical overview\r\n * Forensic identification, pharmacology and toxicology of JWH-018, CP 47,497 and their alkyl homologs\r\n * EMCDDA survey\r\n * Internet information\r\n * Control measures\r\n * Conclusions"^^ . "2009-11-05" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA 2009 Thematic paper: Understanding the 'Spice' phenomenon. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Understanding_the_Spice_phenomenon.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2009 Thematic paper: Understanding the 'Spice' phenomenon. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2009 Thematic paper: Understanding the 'Spice' phenomenon. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2009 Thematic paper: Understanding the 'Spice' phenomenon. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2009 Thematic paper: Understanding the 'Spice' phenomenon. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2009 Thematic paper: Understanding the 'Spice' phenomenon. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #12597 \n\nEMCDDA 2009 Thematic paper: Understanding the 'Spice' phenomenon.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Cannabis product (synthetic cannabinoids)"@en . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Internet retailing (online sales)"@en . . . "Polydrug use: patterns and responses."^^ . "This 'Selected issue' looks at the concomitant or consecutive use of different licit and illicit drugs (polydrug use) among adolescents, young adults and problem drug users. \r\n\r\nData from school and general population surveys, and on drug treatment entrants and drug-related deaths are analysed to describe the many forms and consequences of this widespread pattern of drug use. The responses to polydrug use in Europe are reviewed in the light of the scientific literature, with the aim of identifying the most effective interventions. \r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n\r\n * Polydrug use among adolescents\r\n * Polydrug use among young adults\r\n * Responses to polydrug use among adolescents and young adults\r\n * Polydrug use and its health consequences among problem drug users\r\n * Responding to polydrug use among problem drug users\r\n * Online annex"^^ . "2009-11-05" . . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . "Publications Office of the European Union"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Polydrug use: patterns and responses. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Polydrug_use.pdf"^^ . . . "Polydrug use: patterns and responses. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Polydrug use: patterns and responses. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Polydrug use: patterns and responses. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Polydrug use: patterns and responses. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Polydrug use: patterns and responses. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #12596 \n\nPolydrug use: patterns and responses.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Multiple drugs and alcohol use (Polydrug)"@en . . "Factsheet from the EU drugs agency in Lisbon: responding to the drugs driving in Europe."^^ . "2009-09-18" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Factsheet from the EU drugs agency in Lisbon: responding to the drugs driving in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Factsheet6_DrugsDrivingPolicy.pdf"^^ . . . "Factsheet from the EU drugs agency in Lisbon: responding to the drugs driving in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Factsheet from the EU drugs agency in Lisbon: responding to the drugs driving in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Factsheet from the EU drugs agency in Lisbon: responding to the drugs driving in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Factsheet from the EU drugs agency in Lisbon: responding to the drugs driving in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Factsheet from the EU drugs agency in Lisbon: responding to the drugs driving in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #12420 \n\nFactsheet from the EU drugs agency in Lisbon: responding to the drugs driving in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drug use and driving"@en . . . "Drug use: an overview of general population surveys in Europe."^^ . "2009-05" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Dimitri"^^ . "Mortelmans"^^ . "Dimitri Mortelmans"^^ . . "Julie"^^ . "Tieberghien"^^ . "Julie Tieberghien"^^ . . "Tom"^^ . "Decorte"^^ . "Tom Decorte"^^ . . "Sabine"^^ . "De Moor"^^ . "Sabine De Moor"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug use: an overview of general population surveys in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-2009.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug use: an overview of general population surveys in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drug use: an overview of general population surveys in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug use: an overview of general population surveys in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug use: an overview of general population surveys in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug use: an overview of general population surveys in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11886 \n\nDrug use: an overview of general population surveys in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "General population survey"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Summary: The 2007 ESPAD report. Substance use among students in 35 countries."^^ . "Use of illicit drugs among 15–16-year-old school students, appears to have stabilised or slightly fallen, according to the latest European study of this group published today by ESPAD. The report, which follows a 2007 survey conducted in 35 European countries, also reveals a decrease in last-month rates of cigarette smoking among school students. However, it sounds the alarm over clear rises in the group’s ‘heavy episodic drinking’, and the narrowing gender gap in this behaviour."^^ . "2009-03" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Summary: The 2007 ESPAD report. Substance use among students in 35 countries. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-newsRelease-ESPAD.pdf"^^ . . . "Summary: The 2007 ESPAD report. Substance use among students in 35 countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Summary: The 2007 ESPAD report. Substance use among students in 35 countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Summary: The 2007 ESPAD report. Substance use among students in 35 countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Summary: The 2007 ESPAD report. Substance use among students in 35 countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Summary: The 2007 ESPAD report. Substance use among students in 35 countries. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11729 \n\nSummary: The 2007 ESPAD report. Substance use among students in 35 countries.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person)"@en . . . "Student (secondary level)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Thematic paper: Women’s voices: experiences and perceptions of women facing drug problems."^^ . "Epidemiological studies routinely collect quantitative data on gender differences in drug use (e.g. prevalence, mortality), but far less is published on the qualitative aspects of female drug problems. This review presents quotations gleaned from interviews with women in eight countries. Through these testimonies, the report illustrates how qualitative research can provide glimpses into the experiences and perceptions of women facing drug issues that statistics alone cannot provide.\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n\r\n* Confusion for women as parents of drug users\r\n* Neglect and physical and sexual abuse\r\n* Childcare and being a ‘good’ mother\r\n* Women in prison\r\n* Stigma, policies and practices that make it difficult for women to access services\r\n* Discussion and conclusions"^^ . "2009-03" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Thematic paper: Women’s voices: experiences and perceptions of women facing drug problems. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_women's_voices.pdf"^^ . . . "Thematic paper: Women’s voices: experiences and perceptions of women facing drug problems. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Thematic paper: Women’s voices: experiences and perceptions of women facing drug problems. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Thematic paper: Women’s voices: experiences and perceptions of women facing drug problems. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Thematic paper: Women’s voices: experiences and perceptions of women facing drug problems. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Thematic paper: Women’s voices: experiences and perceptions of women facing drug problems. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11541 \n\nThematic paper: Women’s voices: experiences and perceptions of women facing drug problems.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prison"@en . . . "Qualitative study"@en . . . "Woman (women / female)"@en . . . "Attitude toward drugs and alcohol" . . . "Drug user"@en . . . "Addiction neurobiology: ethical and social implications."^^ . "This report reviews developments in the neuroscience of addiction, explores how they might affect the way we view and treat drug problems, and considers the issues that they raise for drug policy in Europe. In language that is easily accessible, the report presents the complex brain processes involved in addition and the ethical implications inherent to current addiction research."^^ . "2009" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Addiction neurobiology: ethical and social implications. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_monograph_9_Addiction_neurobiology.pdf"^^ . . . "Addiction neurobiology: ethical and social implications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Addiction neurobiology: ethical and social implications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Addiction neurobiology: ethical and social implications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Addiction neurobiology: ethical and social implications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Addiction neurobiology: ethical and social implications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #12312 \n\nAddiction neurobiology: ethical and social implications.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Biological drugs and alcohol use disorder theory"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "General life processes (physiology)" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2008."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA’s activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre’s achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nPart I: Report of activities \r\n•\tSynthesis of main results compared with the objectives of the 2008 work programme\r\n•\tOverview of core business activities\r\n•\tCooperation and collaboration with partners\r\n•\tSupport activities\r\n•\tStatutory bodies and executive management\r\nPart II: Management and internal control systems \r\n•\tCharacteristics and nature of EMCDDA management and internal control systems\r\n•\tAssessment and improvement of management and internal control systems\r\n•\tDeclaration of assurance of Authorising Officer"^^ . "2009" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2008. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_general_activities_2008.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2008. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2008. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2008. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2008. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2008. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #13244 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2008.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Neurobiological research on drugs: ethical and policy implications."^^ . "Table of contents\r\n\tDefinitions \r\n\tKey issues at a glance \r\n\tConclusions and policy considerations \r\n\tKey sources \r\n\tWeb information"^^ . "2009" . . "19" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Drugs in Focus"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Neurobiological research on drugs: ethical and policy implications. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_drugs_in_focus_19_Neurobiological_research.pdf"^^ . . . "Neurobiological research on drugs: ethical and policy implications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Neurobiological research on drugs: ethical and policy implications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Neurobiological research on drugs: ethical and policy implications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Neurobiological research on drugs: ethical and policy implications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Neurobiological research on drugs: ethical and policy implications. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #12311 \n\nNeurobiological research on drugs: ethical and policy implications.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Biological drugs and alcohol use disorder theory"@en . . . "General life processes (physiology)" . . . "Preventing later substance use disorders in at-risk children and adolescents."^^ . "This review on indicated prevention adds to the current knowledge and understanding of risk factors in the development of later drug problems and dependence, focusing on the mental health and behavioural problems that develop during childhood.\r\n\r\nIndicated prevention is a relatively new branch of drug prevention and can be seen as the third part of the ‘prevention chain’, after universal and selective prevention. Its aim is not necessarily to prevent drug use or initiation to it, but rather to prevent the development of dependence, diminish frequency of use and avert ‘dangerous’ patterns of substance use (e.g. moderate instead of binge-drinking).\r\n\r\nTable of contents:\r\n\r\n* Principles of indicated prevention \r\n* Risk and protective factors in the development of substance use and substance use disorder \r\n* Guidelines and standards for the assessment and treatment of psychiatric risk conditions for adolescent substance abuse \r\n* Strategies and programmes in indicated prevention \r\n* Ethical issues \r\n* Conclusions and recommendations"^^ . "2009" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Preventing later substance use disorders in at-risk children and adolescents. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_thematic_paper_8_Preventing_later_substance_use_].pdf"^^ . . . "Preventing later substance use disorders in at-risk children and adolescents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Preventing later substance use disorders in at-risk children and adolescents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing later substance use disorders in at-risk children and adolescents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing later substance use disorders in at-risk children and adolescents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Preventing later substance use disorders in at-risk children and adolescents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #12310 \n\nPreventing later substance use disorders in at-risk children and adolescents.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person)"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Child"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of BZP in the framework of the Council decision on new psychoactive substances."^^ . "This publication presents the findings of the formal risk assessment on BZP, produced in 2007 by the Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA, with participation of additional experts from the European Commission, Europol and the EMEA. The risk assessment report, which was submitted to the European Commission and the Council of the European Union on 31 May 2007, examines the health and social risks of the drug, as well as information on international trafficking and the involvement of organised crime. Furthermore, the report considers the potential implications for placing the drug under control in the EU. On the basis of this report — and on the initiative of the European Commission — on 3 March 2008, the Council decided that BZP is to be subject to control measures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tRisk assessment report of a new psychoactive substance: 1-benzylpiperazine (BZP) \r\n•\tEuropol–EMCDDA joint report on BZP \r\n•\tReview of the pharmacotoxicological data on 1-benzylpiperazine (BZP) \r\n•\tCriminological and sociological evidence and public health risks"^^ . "2009" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of BZP in the framework of the Council decision on new psychoactive substances. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Risk_assessment_BZP.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of BZP in the framework of the Council decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of BZP in the framework of the Council decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of BZP in the framework of the Council decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of BZP in the framework of the Council decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of BZP in the framework of the Council decision on new psychoactive substances. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11644 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of BZP in the framework of the Council decision on new psychoactive substances.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "BZP (Benzylpiperazine) (other piperazines)"@en . . . "Responding to drug driving in Europe."^^ . "Many of the accidents and deaths that occur on European roads are caused by drivers whose performance is impaired by a psychoactive substance. Alcohol alone is estimated to account for up to 10 000 road deaths a year in the European Union, one quarter of all road deaths. No comparable figures are available for road accidents related to illicit drugs and psychoactive medicines, though these have been receiving increasing attention over the past decade."^^ . "2009" . . "20" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "Drugs in Focus"^^ . . . "16815157" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Responding to drug driving in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDADrugDriving2009.pdf"^^ . . . "Responding to drug driving in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Responding to drug driving in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Responding to drug driving in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Responding to drug driving in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Responding to drug driving in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #12419 \n\nResponding to drug driving in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drug use and driving"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Internet-based drug treatment interventions: best practice and applications in EU Member States."^^ . "This report provides a comprehensive review of the relatively new phenomenon of Internet-based drug treatment interventions (DTI). It presents a sample of Internet-based DTI programmes across Europe and outlines their methodologies, providing a series of screenshots to further demonstrate the websites’ content and to provide an overall impression of the types of online treatment available. This publication is a useful resource for researchers, policymakers and the general public, to gain an insight into the potential for the Internet to become a new channel for drug treatment intervention\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tExecutive summary\r\n•\tBackground\r\n•\tMethods\r\n•\tFindings\r\n•\tOutline of European Internet-based DTIs\r\n•\tDiscussion\r\n•\tFuture of Internet-based DTIs in the European Union"^^ . "2009" . . . "9789291683482" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Hans-Peter"^^ . "Tossmann"^^ . "Hans-Peter Tossmann"^^ . . "Fabian"^^ . "Leuschner"^^ . "Fabian Leuschner"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Internet-based drug treatment interventions: best practice and applications in EU Member States. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-Insight_10.pdf"^^ . . . "Internet-based drug treatment interventions: best practice and applications in EU Member States. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Internet-based drug treatment interventions: best practice and applications in EU Member States. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Internet-based drug treatment interventions: best practice and applications in EU Member States. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Internet-based drug treatment interventions: best practice and applications in EU Member States. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Internet-based drug treatment interventions: best practice and applications in EU Member States. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11974 \n\nInternet-based drug treatment interventions: best practice and applications in EU Member States.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Information technology"@en . . . "Treatment outcome"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater."^^ . "This report presents a number of contributions that relate to analysing communal wastewaters for drugs and their metabolic products in order to estimate their consumption in the community. This area of work is developing in a multidisciplinary fashion, involving scientists working in different research areas. For this reason, the contributions to this publication come from a variety of different perspectives including: analytical chemistry, physiology and biochemistry, sewage engineering, spatial epidemiology and statistics, and conventional drug epidemiology.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction to sewage epidemiology \r\n•\tEstimating community drug use \r\n•\tDrug metabolism \r\n•\tOn the occurrence and fate of illicit substances in sewer systems \r\n•\tGeoreferenced wastewater sampling and applied spatial statistics \r\n•\tIntegrating wastewater analysis with conventional approaches to measuring drug use \r\n•\tOverall conclusions"^^ . "2008" . . . "9789291683178" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Insights_9.pdf"^^ . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11627 \n\nAssessing illicit drugs in wastewater.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents."^^ . "This literature review provides a comprehensive report on the relationship between drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. It covers methodological issues, presents results of prevalence surveys among drivers and provides an overview of findings from major international epidemiological surveys published since 1999. The report also gathers evidence from experimental and field studies of the relationship between drug use, driving impairment and traffic accidents\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tMethodological issues in determining the relationship between drug consumption, impaired driving and traffic accidents \r\n•\tPrevalence of drugs in drivers \r\n•\tEffects and risks associated with drugs \r\n•\tOverall conclusion"^^ . "2008" . . . "9789291683185" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Insights_8.pdf"^^ . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11626 \n\nDrug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Drinking-and-drug driving laws"@en . . . "Drug use and driving"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Drugs and vulnerable groups of young people."^^ . "With up to 2 million problem drug users in the EU, it's high time to raise awareness of vulnerable groups, especially youth, on the risks of drug taking.’ European Commission Vice-President Jacques Barrot, September 2008.\r\n\r\nSocial policy in Europe has long identified disadvantaged populations who manifest potential for social exclusion. These ‘vulnerable groups’ are specific groups among the wider population that may be more prone to a range of problems, from ill health, substance use and poor diet, to lower educational achievement. Groups of young people identified as vulnerable — examples include children in care institutions or homeless young people — might be prone to earlier, more frequent, or more problematic drug use. They might also experience faster progression to problem drug use\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIdentifying groups most at risk of developing drug problems \r\n•\tMonitoring vulnerability in Europe \r\n•\tBuilding resilience to drug problems \r\n•\tIdentifying and responding to the needs of vulnerable groups \r\n•\tVulnerable young people with ties to institutions \r\n•\tVulnerable families \r\n•\tHomeless young people \r\n•\tVulnerable populations in the community \r\n•\tOverall findings and common trends"^^ . "2008" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Drugs and vulnerable groups of young people. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Selected_issue_2008_Vulnerable_young_people.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Drugs and vulnerable groups of young people. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Drugs and vulnerable groups of young people. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Drugs and vulnerable groups of young people. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Drugs and vulnerable groups of young people. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Drugs and vulnerable groups of young people. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11594 \n\nEMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Drugs and vulnerable groups of young people.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person)"@en . . . "Risk and protective factors"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Child"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - National drug-related research in Europe."^^ . "Drug-related research is crucial to understanding Europe’s drug problems. Research enables Europe to learn lessons from the past, by identifying historical patterns of drug use, and studying the cycles and variations in the use of substances. Research sharpens Europe’s awareness and monitoring of the present. It provides surveys and data on the scope and scale of drug problems, and looks into emerging trends and new patterns in drug use. Research helps Europe to prepare for the future, by looking at practical issues such as resource allocation, best practices, the piloting of innovative approaches to managing problem drug use. \r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tNational frameworks for drug-related research \r\n•\tDrug-related research dissemination \r\n•\tConclusions \r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2008" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - National drug-related research in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA__Selected_issue_2008_Research.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - National drug-related research in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - National drug-related research in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - National drug-related research in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - National drug-related research in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - National drug-related research in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11596 \n\nEMCDDA 2008 selected issue - National drug-related research in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Towards a better understanding of drug-related public expenditure in Europe."^^ . "A confirmed political will to address the drugs problem in Europe lies not only in the development of appropriate policies, but in the amount of public funds assigned to implement such policies. One of the aims of the EU drugs action plan (2005–08) is to produce estimates of public expenditure on drug-related issues. Doing so is a challenge, due to the range of political structures and government accounting systems present in Europe.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tDrug-related economic evaluation: key issues \r\n•\tDrug-related public expenditure in Europe \r\n•\tConclusions and recommendations"^^ . "2008" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Towards a better understanding of drug-related public expenditure in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Selected_issue_2007_Public_expenditure.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Towards a better understanding of drug-related public expenditure in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Towards a better understanding of drug-related public expenditure in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Towards a better understanding of drug-related public expenditure in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Towards a better understanding of drug-related public expenditure in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Towards a better understanding of drug-related public expenditure in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11595 \n\nEMCDDA 2008 selected issue - Towards a better understanding of drug-related public expenditure in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Economic aspects of drugs and alcohol (cost / pricing)"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2008: the state of the drugs problem in Europe."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policymakers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tPolicies and laws \r\n•\tResponding to drug problems in Europe — an overview \r\n•\tCannabis \r\n•\tAmphetamines, ecstasy and LSD \r\n•\tCocaine and crack cocaine \r\n•\tOpioid use and drug injection \r\n•\tDrug-related infectious diseases and drug-related deaths \r\n•\tNew drugs and emerging trends"^^ . "2008" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2008: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2008.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2008: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2008: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2008: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2008: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2008: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11593 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2008: the state of the drugs problem in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2007."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA’s activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre’s achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nPart I: Report of activities \r\n•\tSynthesis of main results compared with the objectives of the 2006 work programme \r\n•\tOverview of activities by programme \r\n•\tAdministrative support \r\n•\tStatutory bodies and executive management \r\nPart II: Management and internal control systems \r\n•\tCharacteristics and nature of EMCDDA management and internal control systems \r\n•\tAssessment and improvement of management and internal control systems \r\n•\tDeclaration of assurance of authorising officer"^^ . "2008" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2007. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_General_report_2007.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2007. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2007. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2007. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2007. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2007. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11621 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2007.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "GHB and its precursor GBL: an emerging trend case study."^^ . "Concerns are increasing in the EU about the use of chemicals employed in the manufacture of the recreational drug GHB. The report GHB and its precursor GBL: an emerging trend case study is published as part of the EMCDDA's E-POD project to track new patterns of drug use in Europe.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tAbout the E-POD project \r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tDescription \r\n•\tPrevalence and use patterns \r\n•\tMarkets and availability \r\n•\tDose and effects \r\n•\tNegative health consequences \r\n•\tConclusions"^^ . "2008" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "GHB and its precursor GBL: an emerging trend case study. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Thematic_paper_GHB.pdf"^^ . . . "GHB and its precursor GBL: an emerging trend case study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "GHB and its precursor GBL: an emerging trend case study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "GHB and its precursor GBL: an emerging trend case study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "GHB and its precursor GBL: an emerging trend case study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "GHB and its precursor GBL: an emerging trend case study. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11657 \n\nGHB and its precursor GBL: an emerging trend case study.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Monitoring the supply of cocaine to Europe."^^ . "Growing cocaine use in several EU countries, and increased seizures of cocaine on air, sea and land routes, have become subjects of increasing concern to policymakers. This datasheet provides a short review of key issues relating to how cocaine is manufactured in Latin America and transported to European consumers via the Atlantic, Caribbean and west Africa. It also looks at the destabilising effect of the cocaine trade on producer and transshipment countries.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tCoca and cocaine production in the Andean-Amazonian region \r\n•\tEstimating coca cultivation \r\n•\tEstimating cocaine production \r\n•\tSuppressing coca in Colombia \r\n•\tDrug production and the land issue in Colombia \r\n•\tDrug production and armed groups in Colombia \r\n•\tMain trafficking routes to Europe \r\n•\tImportation to Europe and distribution \r\n•\tPotassium permanganate \r\n•\tInternational supply reduction initiatives at the EU level \r\n•\tConclusions \r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2008" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Monitoring the supply of cocaine to Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Tech_report_cocaine_supply.pdf"^^ . . . "Monitoring the supply of cocaine to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Monitoring the supply of cocaine to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Monitoring the supply of cocaine to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Monitoring the supply of cocaine to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Monitoring the supply of cocaine to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11653 \n\nMonitoring the supply of cocaine to Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Supply reduction policy"@en . . . "Illegal drug possession (seizures)"@en . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Illegal transportation of drugs (smuggling / trafficking)"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Monitoring the supply of heroin to Europe."^^ . "In recent years, anxiety in Europe has increased about the impact of record opium harvests in Afghanistan, and a decrease in heroin retail prices. This datasheet provides a condensed review of the key issues about how heroin manufactured from Afghan opium reaches European consumers via the Balkan and northern routes.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tForeword \r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tAfghanistan: main producer of illicit poppy \r\n•\tHeroin entering Europe: the different routes \r\n•\tThe Balkan route \r\n•\tThe ‘northern route’ \r\n•\tEuropean routes \r\n•\tAlternative routes and new markets \r\n•\tTraffic of acetic anhydride \r\n•\tEuropean and international initiatives \r\n•\tConclusion \r\n•\tReferences"^^ . "2008" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Monitoring the supply of heroin to Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Tech_report_heroin_supply.pdf"^^ . . . "Monitoring the supply of heroin to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Monitoring the supply of heroin to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Monitoring the supply of heroin to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Monitoring the supply of heroin to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Monitoring the supply of heroin to Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11652 \n\nMonitoring the supply of heroin to Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Supply reduction policy"@en . . . "Heroin"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevention of substance abuse."^^ . "This publication provides information on best practice in drug prevention at European, national, regional and municipal level. It is a translation of a German study commissioned by the Federal Centre for Health Education, Cologne. While, in some sections, reference is made particularly to Germany, the publication’s conclusions are international, providing added value for a pan-European or global readership. It is hoped that the publication will help accelerate the development in Member States of quality standards for prevention projects and training requirements for prevention workers."^^ . "2008" . . . "9789291683130" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Prevention of substance abuse. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Insights_7.pdf"^^ . . . "Prevention of substance abuse. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Prevention of substance abuse. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Prevention of substance abuse. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Prevention of substance abuse. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Prevention of substance abuse. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11625 \n\nPrevention of substance abuse.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prevention approach"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Germany" . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Prevention programme or service"@en . . . "Sexual assaults facilitated by drugs or alcohol."^^ . "Over the past 10 years, there has been a rise in the number of reports of drugs and alcohol being used to immobilise victims for the purpose of sexual assault. Population surveys carried out in six EU countries suggest that up to 20% of women experience some form of sexual assault in their adult lifetime.\r\n\r\nA lack of appropriate monitoring systems means that the full scale of drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) remains unknown. Better monitoring of the phenomenon is an essential first step in addressing the problem.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tDrug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) \r\n•\tDrugs that facilitate sexual assault \r\n•\tEvidence of drug-facilitated sexual assault \r\n•\tResponses \r\n•\tConclusions for change in Europe"^^ . "2008" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Sexual assaults facilitated by drugs or alcohol. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Tech_report_women_and_men.pdf"^^ . . . "Sexual assaults facilitated by drugs or alcohol. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Sexual assaults facilitated by drugs or alcohol. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Sexual assaults facilitated by drugs or alcohol. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Sexual assaults facilitated by drugs or alcohol. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Sexual assaults facilitated by drugs or alcohol. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11651 \n\nSexual assaults facilitated by drugs or alcohol.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Drugs and alcohol related crime"@en . . . "Thematic paper on indicated prevention."^^ . "This review on indicated prevention adds to the current knowledge and understanding of risk factors in the development of later drug problems and dependence, focusing on the mental health and behavioural problems that develop during childhood.\r\n\r\nIndicated prevention is a relatively new branch of drug prevention and can be seen as the third part of the ‘prevention chain’, after universal and selective prevention. Its aim is not necessarily to prevent drug use or initiation to it, but rather to prevent the development of dependence, diminish frequency of use and avert ‘dangerous’ patterns of substance use (e.g. moderate instead of binge-drinking).\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tPrinciples of indicated prevention \r\n•\tRisk and protective factors in the development of substance use and substance use disorder \r\n•\tGuidelines and standards for the assessment and treatment of psychiatric risk conditions for adolescent substance abuse \r\n•\tStrategies and programmes in indicated prevention \r\n•\tEthical issues \r\n•\tConclusions and recommendations"^^ . "2008" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Thematic paper on indicated prevention. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Thematic_paper_indicated_prevention_.pdf"^^ . . . "Thematic paper on indicated prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Thematic paper on indicated prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Thematic paper on indicated prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Thematic paper on indicated prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Thematic paper on indicated prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11658 \n\nThematic paper on indicated prevention.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "Prevention through information and education"@en . . . "Health-related prevention"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences."^^ . "The EMCDDA’s cannabis monograph addresses one basic question. How can I find quality information on cannabis, amid all the bias and opinion? The monograph is divided into two volumes. The first volume centres on political, legislative, commercial and social developments relating to cannabis. Its core audience thus comprises policymakers, sociologists, historians, journalists and those involved in enforcement. The second volume is targeted at drugs professionals working in the fields of treatment, prevention and healthcare."^^ . "2008" . . . . "9789291683116" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Monograph_8.pdf"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (PDF)"^^ . . . "Monograph8Vol2[1].pdf"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "A cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11634 \n\nA cannabis reader: global issues and local experiences.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "International aspects"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of treatment in the field of problem drug use; a manual for researchers and professionals."^^ . "The main objective of the guidelines is to provide a European audience with basic information on the options, elements and procedures of drug-related treatment evaluation. The target readership includes professionals working in treatment services for substance use and dependence, administrators and officials in social and health authorities, researchers dealing with treatment of substance dependence, and those who professionally or politically may have an interest in evidence from treatment evaluation.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nPart 1: Approaching evaluation \r\n•\tWhy evaluate treatment? \r\n•\tPreparing for treatment evaluation \r\nPart 2: Implementing evaluation \r\n•\tQuantitative evaluation \r\n•\tQualitative evaluation \r\n•\tImplementing and assuring the evaluation process \r\n•\tCommunicating and presenting your results \r\nPart 3: Evaluation networks \r\n•\tEvaluation and research networkks \r\nPart 4: Glossary"^^ . "2007" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of treatment in the field of problem drug use; a manual for researchers and professionals. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Manual_3.pdf"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of treatment in the field of problem drug use; a manual for researchers and professionals. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of treatment in the field of problem drug use; a manual for researchers and professionals. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of treatment in the field of problem drug use; a manual for researchers and professionals. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of treatment in the field of problem drug use; a manual for researchers and professionals. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of treatment in the field of problem drug use; a manual for researchers and professionals. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11630 \n\nGuidelines for the evaluation of treatment in the field of problem drug use; a manual for researchers and professionals.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Research and evaluation"@en . . . "Treatment outcome"@en . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "European Union" . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drug use and related problems among very young people (under 15 years old)."^^ . "Table of contents\r\n•\tPrevalence and patterns of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use \r\n•\tDrug-related consequences among very young people: under-15s entering treatment for drug use and other problems \r\n•\tHigh-risk groups and correlates \r\n•\tResponses \r\n•\tLegislation and regulations \r\n•\tConclusions"^^ . "2007" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drug use and related problems among very young people (under 15 years old). (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Selected_issue_2007_Drug_use_young_people.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drug use and related problems among very young people (under 15 years old). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drug use and related problems among very young people (under 15 years old). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drug use and related problems among very young people (under 15 years old). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drug use and related problems among very young people (under 15 years old). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drug use and related problems among very young people (under 15 years old). (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #6369 \n\nEMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drug use and related problems among very young people (under 15 years old).\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Young drug user"@en . . . "Child"@en . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drugs and driving."^^ . "Since the late 1990s, much European and world research has addressed the issue of driving under the influence of psychoactive substances. This Selected issue on ‘Drugs and driving’ focuses on driving after taking cannabis and benzodiazepines. Country responses were analysed to determine the prevalence of these substances among drivers and studied in the context of policy and legislation, law enforcement and prevention. \r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tSituation analysis \r\n•\tPolicy and legislation \r\n•\tLaw enforcement procedures \r\n•\tPrevention approaches and programmes \r\n•\tConclusion"^^ . "2007" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drugs and driving. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Selected_issue_2007_Driving.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drugs and driving. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drugs and driving. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drugs and driving. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drugs and driving. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drugs and driving. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #6368 \n\nEMCDDA 2007 selected issue - Drugs and driving.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drinking-and-drug driving laws"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drug use and driving"@en . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - cocaine and crack cocaine: a growing public health issue."^^ . "In a Selected issue on ‘Cocaine and crack cocaine: a growing public health issue’ the EMCDDA shows that, in some European countries, there has been a marked increase in recent years in the use of cocaine, in treatment demands for cocaine problems and in seizures of the drug. The potential for cocaine use to have a major impact on public health is examined and special attention given to the health consequences of cocaine use, which are often not well recognised in existing reporting systems. Also examined are the challenges to providing effective treatment for cocaine and crack cocaine dependence.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tPrevalence of and patterns and trends in cocaine and crack cocaine use \r\n•\tProblems related to cocaine and crack cocaine use \r\n•\tResponses to and interventions in cocaine and crack cocaine use"^^ . "2007" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - cocaine and crack cocaine: a growing public health issue. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Selected_issue_2007_Cocaine.pdf"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - cocaine and crack cocaine: a growing public health issue. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - cocaine and crack cocaine: a growing public health issue. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - cocaine and crack cocaine: a growing public health issue. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - cocaine and crack cocaine: a growing public health issue. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "EMCDDA 2007 selected issue - cocaine and crack cocaine: a growing public health issue. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #6367 \n\nEMCDDA 2007 selected issue - cocaine and crack cocaine: a growing public health issue.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Illegal drug possession (seizures)"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Crack cocaine"@en . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Public health"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2007: the state of the drugs problem in Europe."^^ . "Table of contents\r\n•\tPolicies and laws \r\n•\tResponding to drug problems in Europe — an overview \r\n•\tCannabis \r\n•\tAmphetamines, ecstasy and LSD \r\n•\tCocaine and crack cocaine \r\n•\tOpioid use and drug injection \r\n•\tNew and emerging drug trends and action on new drugs \r\n•\tDrug-related infectious diseases and drug-related deaths"^^ . "2007" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2007: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2007.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2007: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2007: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2007: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2007: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2007: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #6370 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual report 2007: the state of the drugs problem in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2006."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA's activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre's achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work. \r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nPart I: Report of activities \r\n•\tSynthesis of main results compared with the objectives of the 2006 work programme \r\n•\tOverview of activities by programme \r\n•\tSupporting activities \r\n•\tStatutory bodies and executive management \r\nPart II: Management and internal control systems \r\n•\tCharacteristics and nature of EMCDDA management and internal control systems \r\n•\tAssessment and improvement of management and internal control systems \r\n•\tDeclaration of assurance of authorising officer"^^ . "2007" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2006. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_General_report_2006.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2006. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2006. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2006. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2006. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2006. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11620 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2006.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature."^^ . "Previously perceived as a drug for the wealthy, cocaine use has become more prevalent in Europe in the last decade. Problem use of the drug has likewise experienced a strong surge, and this has put strain on providers of drug treatment. Increasingly, practitioners need to provide evidence-based treatment services to a heterogeneous population of problem cocaine users.\r\n\r\nIn order to inform the general public and professionals, the EMCDDA has published a comprehensive review of the literature on treatment of problem cocaine use. In accessible language, the review aims to summarise a variety of topics related to cocaine treatment: current issues in the treatment of cocaine dependence; pharmacological and psychosocial treatment; harm reduction; inpatient treatment and aftercare. It also explores a number of innovative European and global responses to cocaine treatment.\r\n\r\nIn addition to a traditional review of the literature, the review includes original information provided by a network of European researchers and practitioners, as well as other key opinion leaders and clinicians working in the field of treatment of cocaine dependence. It thus serves as a snapshot of the state of the art in health responses to cocaine use."^^ . "2007" . . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_lit_review_cocaine.pdf"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (PDF)"^^ . . . . "EMCDDA_lit_review_cocaine_a_short_update.pdf"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Treatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11648 \n\nTreatment of problem cocaine use: a review of the literature.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Treatment outcome"@en . . . "Cocaine"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Early-warning system on new psychoactive substances: operating guidelines."^^ . "These practical guidelines have been published to assist the implementation of the Council decision on information exchange, risk-assessment and control of new psychoactive substances. They deal with phase 1 of the measures foreseen — the early-warning system. \r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tThe scope of the Council decision \r\n•\tElements of the early-warning system \r\n•\tThe Europol-EMCDDA joint report \r\n•\tReference compounds"^^ . "2007" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Leslie A"^^ . "King"^^ . "Leslie A King"^^ . . "Roumen"^^ . "Sedefov"^^ . "Roumen Sedefov"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Early-warning system on new psychoactive substances: operating guidelines. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "3783-4031.pdf"^^ . . . "Early-warning system on new psychoactive substances: operating guidelines. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Early-warning system on new psychoactive substances: operating guidelines. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Early-warning system on new psychoactive substances: operating guidelines. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Early-warning system on new psychoactive substances: operating guidelines. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Early-warning system on new psychoactive substances: operating guidelines. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #4166 \n\nEarly-warning system on new psychoactive substances: operating guidelines.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Recommendations or guidelines"@en . . . "Prevention through information and education"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual Report 2006: The state of the drugs problem in Europe."^^ . "Table of contents\r\n•\tPolicies and laws \r\n•\tResponding to drug problems in Europe — an overview \r\n•\tCannabis \r\n•\tAmphetamines, ecstasy and other psychotropic drugs \r\n•\tCocaine and crack cocaine \r\n•\tOpioid use and drug injection \r\n•\tDrug-related infectious diseases and drug-related deaths \r\n•\tImproving the monitoring of problem consumption and multiple drug consumption"^^ . "2006" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual Report 2006: The state of the drugs problem in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2006.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual Report 2006: The state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual Report 2006: The state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual Report 2006: The state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual Report 2006: The state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual Report 2006: The state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #6283 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Annual Report 2006: The state of the drugs problem in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: the state of the drugs problem in Europe."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tNew developments in policies and laws \r\n•\tSchools, youth and drugs \r\n•\tCannabis \r\n•\tAmphetamine-type stimulants, LSD and other synthetic drugs \r\n•\tCocaine and crack cocaine \r\n•\tHeroin and injecting drug use \r\n•\tCrime and prison issues"^^ . "2006" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2005.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #6009 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: the state of the drugs problem in Europe.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues."^^ . "1. Nearly all European countries now frame their drug policy initiatives within an overall national drugs strategy or action plan. An in-depth analysis of drug policy in Europe in this Selected issue reveals a broadening of the scope of these drug strategies to encompass licit addictive substances, such as alcohol, tobacco and medicines, as well as illicit drugs. \r\n\r\n2. The influence of gender not only on patterns and levels of drug consumption in Europe but also on how responses to drug problems are planned and implemented is explored in this Selected issue. Based on a scientific analysis of the available data, it concludes that policymakers, professionals and scientists must always take gender into consideration in the planning of research, analysis, interventions and policy in the drugs field\r\n\r\n3. This Selected issue covers all aspects of drug use by young people in music and dance settings, providing data on prevalence and patterns of use, drug availability and the role of the Internet in drug supply and promotion. The risk factors for this type of drug use are outlined as are the health consequences of drug use in these settings. Responses to drug use in recreational settings are covered in depth, both in terms of legislation at national and European levels and in terms of drug prevention programmes"^^ . "2006" . . . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Selected_issues_2006.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Selected_issue_2006_Gender.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Selected_issue_2006_recreational.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #6284 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2006: selected issues.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Social context"@en . . . "Recreational drug use"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Gender differences" . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Internet retailing (online sales)"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2005."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA's activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre's achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work. \r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nPart I: Report of activities \r\n•\tSynthesis of main results compared with the objectives of the 2005 work programme \r\n•\tOverview of activities by programme \r\n•\tSupporting activities \r\n•\tStatutory bodies and executive management \r\nPart II: Management and internal control systems \r\n•\tCharacteristics and nature of EMCDDA management and internal control systems \r\n•\tAssessment and improvement of management and internal control systems \r\n•\tDeclaration of assurance of authorising officer"^^ . "2006" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2005. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_General_report_2005.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2005. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2005. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2005. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2005. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2005. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11619 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2005.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Hallucinogenic mushrooms."^^ . "Many young Europeans are experimenting with hallucinogenic ('magic') mushrooms, according to this study. The phenomenon may be driven by a broader consumer trend for young people to actively seek out intense experiences and 'natural highs' and by an increasing interest in organic products. \r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tMarkets and availability \r\n•\tDose and effects \r\n•\tConsequences \r\n•\tResponses \r\n•\tConclusions"^^ . "2006" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Hallucinogenic mushrooms. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Thematic_paper_mushrooms_.pdf"^^ . . . "Hallucinogenic mushrooms. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Hallucinogenic mushrooms. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Hallucinogenic mushrooms. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Hallucinogenic mushrooms. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Hallucinogenic mushrooms. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11656 \n\nHallucinogenic mushrooms.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Mushrooms"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Monitoring new drugs."^^ . "2006" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Monitoring new drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "Monitoring_new_drugs_72902.pdf"^^ . . . "Monitoring new drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Monitoring new drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Monitoring new drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Monitoring new drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Monitoring new drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #25767 \n\nMonitoring new drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "New (novel) psychoactive substances"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Differences in patterns of drug use between women and men."^^ . "Gender differences in patterns of drug use are addressed in this technical paper. According to the paper, men in the EU are still more likely than women to use illicit drugs. But there are concerns around possible signs of a ‘narrowing of the gap’ between male and female drug use, and greater similarities in lifetime drug-taking experience, particularly among school students. The paper analyses data from three sources: ESPAD school surveys (1995, 1999, 2003); general population surveys; and drug treatment centres.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tKey findings \r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tCannabis \r\n•\tEcstasy \r\n•\tTranquillisers and sedatives \r\n•\tAlcohol and drug comparisons \r\n•\tUse of drug treatment services \r\n•\tDiscussion"^^ . "2005" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Differences in patterns of drug use between women and men. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Tech_report_women_and_men.pdf"^^ . . . "Differences in patterns of drug use between women and men. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Differences in patterns of drug use between women and men. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Differences in patterns of drug use between women and men. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Differences in patterns of drug use between women and men. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Differences in patterns of drug use between women and men. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11650 \n\nDifferences in patterns of drug use between women and men.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Man (men / male)"@en . . . "Woman (women / female)"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Gender differences" . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues."^^ . "1. This Selected issue is not intended to present a systematic and exhaustive review either of all possible definitions of drug-related public nuisance or of all measures, provisions and policies aimed at reducing the problem in the European Union, nor does it aim to reflect precisely the situation regarding public nuisance in each of the countries concerned. Rather, it seeks to contribute to our understanding of the issues and problems related to a new – and somewhat still limited – area for intervention in Member States, candidate countries and Norway. This document aims to present the first EMCDDA qualitative insight into an emerging concern within drug policy debate, at both national and European levels.\r\n\r\n2. The alternatives to prison that may be offered to drug-using offenders cover a range of sanctions that may delay, avoid, replace or complement prison sentences for those drug users who have committed an offence normally sanctioned with imprisonment by national law. In this Selected issue, the focus is on those measures that have a drug-related treatment component. It will describe the political and legal background, the application and implementation, including common problems, and the effects of treatment as an alternative to imprisonment. \r\n\r\n3. Since the mid-1990s buprenorphine has increasingly become available in Europe as an alternative to methadone for the treatment of opiate dependence. In this Selected issue, the reasons why clinicians are attracted to this drug, as well as the costs and benefits of buprenorphine in comparison with other treatment options, are explored in detail, and, for the first time, the increasing popularity of buprenorphine for the treatment of opiate dependence in many European countries is documented"^^ . "2005" . . . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Selected_issue_2005_Drug-related_public_nuisance.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Selected_issue_2005_imprisonment.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_selected_issue_2005_Buprenorphine.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11597 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2005: selected issues.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Buprenorphine"@en . . . "Justice system"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Drugs and alcohol related crime"@en . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2004."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA's activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre's achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work."^^ . "2005" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2004. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_General_report_2004.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2004. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2004. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2004. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2004. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2004. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11618 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2004.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Illicit drug use in the EU: legislative approaches."^^ . "The paper offers an overview of the current legal provisions on the use and possession of drugs for personal use in the EU Member States.\r\n\r\nThe first part of the study focuses on the international legal framework governing drug use and possession, namely the United Nations Conventions (1961, 1971 and 1988). The study explains that while the three Conventions govern international drug control, it is the responsibility of the signatory countries to translate them into domestic law. All 25 EU countries have ratified and implemented the UN Conventions.\r\n\r\nThe second part of the study offers a summary of the various legal approaches to the personal use of drugs at national level. These range from tolerance of the use of certain drugs to penal sanctions for any use of any substance. Also explored are the concepts of decriminalisation and depenalisation of drug use as well as the relationship between penal and health interventions.\r\n\r\nTable of contents \r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tInternational legal framework on drugs \r\n•\tNational drug use legislation across the European Union \r\n•\tConclusions"^^ . "2005" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Illicit drug use in the EU: legislative approaches. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Thematic_paper_legislative_.pdf"^^ . . . "Illicit drug use in the EU: legislative approaches. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Illicit drug use in the EU: legislative approaches. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Illicit drug use in the EU: legislative approaches. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Illicit drug use in the EU: legislative approaches. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Illicit drug use in the EU: legislative approaches. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11654 \n\nIllicit drug use in the EU: legislative approaches.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prohibition (Drugs and alcohol public policy)"@en . . . "Supply reduction policy"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Drug laws"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Youth media."^^ . "For the magazine industry, young people represent big business. Editors and advertisers invest in research to know their readership intimately and they design their products to reflect the interests, lifestyles and fashions of their target audience.\r\n\r\nThis paper shows how the ‘youth media’ – youth, music and lifestyle magazines – can help detect, monitor and respond to emerging drug trends among young people. The paper looks at the youth media as a possible information source on new drug ‘fashions’ and explores their potential as a channel to prevent drug-related harm among young people\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tSummary \r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tMethods \r\n•\tContextual frame for drug references in youth media \r\n•\tResults \r\n•\tDiscussion and conclusions"^^ . "2005" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Youth media. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Thematic_paper_youth_media_.pdf"^^ . . . "Youth media. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Youth media. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Youth media. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Youth media. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Youth media. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11655 \n\nYouth media.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person)"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Young adult"@en . . . "Portrayal of drugs and alcohol use in the media"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) 2004 Annual report: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tAn overview of the European drug situation \r\n•\tNew developments in policies and laws \r\n•\tDrug prevention — working with communities and targeting those most at risk \r\n•\tCannabis \r\n•\tAmphetamine-type stimulants, LSD and other synthetic drugs \r\n•\tCocaine and crack cocaine \r\n•\tHeroin and injecting drug use \r\n•\tTreatment — meeting the needs of those with problems \r\n•\tCrime and prison issues \r\n•\tEvaluation of ‘national drugs strategies’ in Europe \r\nSelected issues: \r\n•\tCannabis problems in context — understanding the increase in European treatment demands \r\n•\tCo-morbidity"^^ . "2004" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) 2004 Annual report: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2004.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) 2004 Annual report: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) 2004 Annual report: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) 2004 Annual report: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) 2004 Annual report: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) 2004 Annual report: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11599 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) 2004 Annual report: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Dual diagnosis (comorbidity)"@en . . . "Cannabis / Marijuana"@en . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Policy on drugs and alcohol"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2003."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA's activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre's achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work."^^ . "2004" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2003. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_General_report_2003_pdf.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2003. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2003. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2003. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2003. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2003. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11617 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2003.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs."^^ . "The risk-assessment reports on the synthetic drugs 2C-I; 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 were submitted by the EMCDDA to the European Council and Commission on 4 April 2003. The reports were drawn up at a meeting in Lisbon from 31 March to 1 April under the auspices of an enlarged EMCDDA Scientific Committee. The drugs were singled out by the Council of the EU for risk assessment on 12 December 2002 under the 1997 Joint action on new synthetic drugs.\r\n\r\nThe reports conclude that, due to their structural features, the drugs are potent hallucinogens/stimulants, similar to substances already classified under Schedules I and II of the 1971 UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances. They also note that the substances have no current medical or industrial use.\r\n\r\nThe reports recommend that, due to a potential serious health risk, the drugs should be controlled substances, although some experts consider that insufficient scientific evidence exists to support such a decision. Experts agreed however that whatever the control measures chosen, they should contribute to collecting and disseminating accurate information on the substances to users, and to relevant professionals for preventive and harm-reduction purposes.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tReports on the risk assessment of 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tEuropol–EMCDDA progress report on 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 \r\n•\tReview of the pharmacotoxicological data on 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 \r\n•\tSociological and criminological evidence and public health risks of 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7"^^ . "2004" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Risk_assessment_2C1.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11642 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 2C-I, 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Report on the risk assessment of TMA-2 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs."^^ . "The risk-assessment report on the synthetic drug TMA-2 was submitted by the EMCDDA to the European Council and Commission on 4 April 2003. The report was drawn up at a meeting in Lisbon from 31 March to 1 April under the auspices of an enlarged EMCDDA Scientific Committee. The drug was singled out by the Council of the EU for risk assessment on 12 December 2002 under the 1997 Joint action on new synthetic drugs.\r\n\r\nThe report concludes that, due to its structural features, TMA-2 is a potent hallucinogen/stimulant, similar to substances already classified under Schedules I and II of the 1971 UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It also notes that the substance has no current medical or industrial use.\r\n\r\nThe report recommends that, due to a potential serious health risk, TMA-2 should be a controlled substance, although some experts consider that insufficient scientific evidence exists to support such a decision. Experts agreed however that whatever the control measures chosen, they should contribute to collecting and disseminating accurate information on the substance to users, and to relevant professionals for preventive and harm-reduction purposes.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tReport on the risk assessment of TMA-2 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tEuropol–EMCDDA progress report on TMA-2 \r\n•\tReview of the pharmacotoxicological data on TMA-2 \r\n•\tSociological and criminological evidence and public health risks"^^ . "2004" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of TMA-2 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Risk_assessment_TMA2.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of TMA-2 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of TMA-2 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of TMA-2 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of TMA-2 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of TMA-2 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11643 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of TMA-2 in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "European report on drug consumption rooms."^^ . "The European report on drug consumption rooms describes what consumption rooms are and why and how they came about; whom they target, which specific objectives they have and how they function. It summarises available evidence on the expected benefits and risks of such facilities. Expected benefits are decreases among the target population in high risk drug use, morbidity and mortality, increased uptake of health and social care including drug treatment, and reductions in public drug use and neighbourhood nuisance."^^ . "2004" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Dagmar"^^ . "Hedrich"^^ . "Dagmar Hedrich"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European report on drug consumption rooms. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Thematic_paper_consumption_rooms.pdf"^^ . . . "European report on drug consumption rooms. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European report on drug consumption rooms. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European report on drug consumption rooms. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European report on drug consumption rooms. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European report on drug consumption rooms. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #5809 \n\nEuropean report on drug consumption rooms.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Physical context or place"@en . . . "Safe spaces for drug users (injecting centre)"@en . . . "Harm reduction policy"@en . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Hepatitis C and injecting drug use: impact, costs and policy options."^^ . "Hepatitis C infections occurring in recent years in the European Union may cost countries billions of euros in future healthcare, according to research published in this monograph.\r\n\r\nA conglomeration of state-of-the-art research on hepatitis C, drug use and public health methods, this publication presents analyses on the impact and costs of the disease among injecting drug users, as a basis for sound policy-making. Other issues addressed include: quality of life; treatment, surveillance and prevention; and the cost-effectiveness of measures such as needle-exchange programmes and substitution therapy.\r\n\r\nHepatitis C affects an estimated 170 million people worldwide and at least a million, but possibly several million, people in Western Europe who are at risk of developing liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. It is a highly infectious and potentially fatal blood-borne disease that attacks the liver and for which there is as yet no vaccine.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tPart I: Natural history, treatment, quality of life, epidemiology and prevention \r\n•\tPart II: Models of hepatitis C in injecting drug users \r\n•\tPart III: Healthcare costs of drug-related hepatitis C infection \r\n•\tPart IV: Wider costs of drug use \r\n•\tPart V: Cost-effectiveness of needle and syringe programmes and methadone maintenance"^^ . "2004" . . . "9291681687" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Johannes"^^ . "Jager"^^ . "Johannes Jager"^^ . . "Mirjam"^^ . "Kretzschmar"^^ . "Mirjam Kretzschmar"^^ . . "Wien"^^ . "Limburg"^^ . "Wien Limburg"^^ . . "Lucas"^^ . "Wiessing"^^ . "Lucas Wiessing"^^ . . "Maarten"^^ . "Postma"^^ . "Maarten Postma"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Hepatitis C and injecting drug use: impact, costs and policy options. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Monograph_7.pdf"^^ . . . "Hepatitis C and injecting drug use: impact, costs and policy options. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Hepatitis C and injecting drug use: impact, costs and policy options. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Hepatitis C and injecting drug use: impact, costs and policy options. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Hepatitis C and injecting drug use: impact, costs and policy options. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Hepatitis C and injecting drug use: impact, costs and policy options. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #5931 \n\nHepatitis C and injecting drug use: impact, costs and policy options.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "Communicable disease"@en . . . "Hepatitis C"@en . . . "Harm reduction policy"@en . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tDrug situation \r\n•\tResponses to drug use \r\nSelected issues: \r\n•\tDrug and alcohol use among young people \r\n•\tSocial exclusion and reintegration \r\n•\tPublic expenditure in the area of drug-demand reduction"^^ . "2003" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2003.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11601 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Inclusion and exclusion"@en . . . "Underage drinker"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Alcohol consumption"@en . . . "Economic aspects of drugs and alcohol (cost / pricing)"@en . . . "Underage drinking"@en . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2002."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA's activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre's achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work."^^ . "2003" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2002. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_General_report_2002.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11616 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2002.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the acceding and candidate countries to the European Union."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tOverview of the drugs situation in the CEECs — situation and responses \r\n•\tDrug and alcohol use among young people \r\n•\tDrug-related infectious diseases \r\n•\tCharacteristics of drug strategies in the acceding and candidate countries"^^ . "2003" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the acceding and candidate countries to the European Union. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2003_candidate_countries.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the acceding and candidate countries to the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the acceding and candidate countries to the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the acceding and candidate countries to the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the acceding and candidate countries to the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the acceding and candidate countries to the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #5606 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction annual report 2003: the state of the drugs problem in the acceding and candidate countries to the European Union.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Annual report on the state of the dugs problem in the European Union and Norway 2002."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tDrug situation \r\n•\tResponses to drug use \r\nSelected issues: \r\n•\tPolydrug use \r\n•\tSuccessful treatment \r\n•\tDrug use in prison"^^ . "2002" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Annual report on the state of the dugs problem in the European Union and Norway 2002. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2002.pdf"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the dugs problem in the European Union and Norway 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the dugs problem in the European Union and Norway 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the dugs problem in the European Union and Norway 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the dugs problem in the European Union and Norway 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the dugs problem in the European Union and Norway 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #5201 \n\nAnnual report on the state of the dugs problem in the European Union and Norway 2002.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Prison"@en . . . "Treatment outcome"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Multiple drugs and alcohol use (Polydrug)"@en . . . "Early-warning system on new synthetic drugs: guidance on implementation."^^ . "2002" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #11635 \n\nEarly-warning system on new synthetic drugs: guidance on implementation.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Targeted prevention"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): Report on the drug situation in the candidate CEECs 2002."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures. \r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tExperimental and recreational drug use and responses.. \r\n•\tProblem drug use and treatment responses \r\n•\tDrug-related infectious diseases \r\n•\tThe drug market and drug-related criminality"^^ . "2002" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): Report on the drug situation in the candidate CEECs 2002. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2002_candiate_CEEC.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): Report on the drug situation in the candidate CEECs 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): Report on the drug situation in the candidate CEECs 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): Report on the drug situation in the candidate CEECs 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): Report on the drug situation in the candidate CEECs 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): Report on the drug situation in the candidate CEECs 2002. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #5260 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): Report on the drug situation in the candidate CEECs 2002.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2001."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA's activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre's achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work."^^ . "2002" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2001. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_General_report_2001.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2001. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2001. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2001. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2001. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2001. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11615 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2001.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Prosecution of drug users in Europe: varying pathways to similar objectives."^^ . "Researching and analysing the responses of the criminal-justice systems to drug offenders throughout Europe is one of the EMCDDA’s priorities. This study is the result of a decision taken by the EMCDDA’s Management Board in 1999 to set up a legal information system on drugs. This study, focusing on the gap between law and practice, aims to highlight the real outcomes for individuals arrested for using and selling drugs and committing property crimes.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tSynthesis of the country reports \r\n•\tCountry reports"^^ . "2002" . . . "9291681245" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Prosecution of drug users in Europe: varying pathways to similar objectives. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Insights_5.pdf"^^ . . . "Prosecution of drug users in Europe: varying pathways to similar objectives. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Prosecution of drug users in Europe: varying pathways to similar objectives. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Prosecution of drug users in Europe: varying pathways to similar objectives. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Prosecution of drug users in Europe: varying pathways to similar objectives. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Prosecution of drug users in Europe: varying pathways to similar objectives. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #3555 \n\nProsecution of drug users in Europe: varying pathways to similar objectives.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Law enforcement and the justice system"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol laws"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of GHB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs."^^ . "Since the mid-1990s, GHB – widely used in human and veterinary medicine for 30 years – has been surfacing as a recreational drug. Some EU countries have reported worries over GHB’s surreptitious use in sexual assaults. Although the extent of this is unknown, the EMCDDA and its risk-assessment partners are recommending that Member States consider the role of GHB and other drugs in this area.\r\n\r\nThe risk-assessment exercise was carried out in 2000 in the framework of the Joint action on new synthetic drugs. In March 2001, the EU Justice and Home Affairs Council adopted formal conclusions that Member States should monitor this drug closely.\r\n\r\nThis publication records the findings and conclusions of the exercise. Among others, it draws together the various elements used to assess the substance including: the final risk-assessment report; contributions from Europol and the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products; a review of pharmacotoxicological data; epidemiological evidence on the associated public-health risks and sociological and criminological evidence.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tReport on the risk assessment of GHB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tEuropol-EMCDDA progress report on GHB in accordance with Article 3 on the joint action of 16 June 1997 concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and the control of new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tUse of GHB as a medicilnal product (EMEA) \r\n•\tReview of the pharmacotoxicological data on gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) \r\n•\tSociological and criminological (Europol) evidence on the risks of GHB \r\n•\tPublic health risks of GHB - epidemiological evidence"^^ . "2002" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of GHB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Risk_assessment_GHB.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of GHB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of GHB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of GHB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of GHB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of GHB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11639 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of GHB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Report on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs."^^ . "The report assesses the risks of PMMA, especially in association with the already controlled substance PMA (para-methoxyamphetamine). PMMA, is an amphetamine-like substance very close to PMA, and is almost exclusively sold in tablet form in combination with the latter and consumed as ‘ecstasy’. It has been associated, in combination with PMA, with three deaths in the EU. PMMA is devoid of any therapeutic value.\r\n\r\nFurther to the conclusions of the EMCDDA risk assessment, on 28 February 2002, the Council of the European Union adopted a unanimous decision defining the new synthetic drug PMMA (para-methoxymethylamphetamine) as a substance to be placed under control measures and criminal penalties in the EU Member States\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tReport on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tCouncil decision \r\n•\tEuropol-EMCDDA progress report on PMMA and PMA \r\n•\tReview of the pharmacotoxicological data on PMMA \r\n•\tSociological and criminological evidence on the risks of PMMA \r\n•\tPublic health risks of PMMA: epidemiological evidence"^^ . "2002" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Risk_assessment_PMMA.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11641 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Report on the risk assessment of ketamine in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs."^^ . "Since the mid-1990s, ketamine – widely used in human and veterinary medicine for 30 years – has been surfacing as a recreational drug. Concern over ketamine centres on its unpredictability in producing ‘near-death’ experiences.\r\n\r\nThe risk-assessment exercise was carried out in 2000 in the framework of the Joint action on new synthetic drugs. In March 2001, the EU Justice and Home Affairs Council adopted formal conclusions that Member States should monitor this drug closely.\r\n\r\nThis publication records the findings and conclusions of the exercise. Among others, it draws together the various elements used to assess the substance including: the final risk-assessment report; contributions from Europol and the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products; a review of pharmacotoxicological data; epidemiological evidence on the associated public-health risks and sociological and criminological evidence.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tReport on the risk assessment of ketamine in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tEuropol-EMCDDA progress report on ketamine in accordance with Article 3 on the joint action of 16 June 1997 concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and the control of new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tUse of ketamine in human medicine in the EU Member States \r\n•\tUse of ketamine in veterinary medicine in the EU Member States \r\n•\tReview of the pharmacotoxicological data on ketamine (2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methyloamino)-cyclohexanone) \r\n•\tSociological and criminological (Europol) evidence \r\n•\tPublic health risks - epidemiological evidence"^^ . "2002" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of ketamine in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Risk_assessment_Ketamine.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of ketamine in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of ketamine in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of ketamine in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of ketamine in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of ketamine in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11640 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of ketamine in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2001."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tDrug demand and drug supply/li> \r\n•\tResponses to drug use \r\nSelected issues: \r\n•\tCocaine and ‘base/crack’ cocaine \r\n•\tInfectious diseases \r\n•\tSynthetic drugs \r\n•\tThe drugs problem in central and east European countries"^^ . "2001" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2001. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2001.pdf"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2001. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2001. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2001. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2001. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2001. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #5559 \n\nAnnual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2001.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Communicable disease"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Pharmacology and toxicology " . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Crack cocaine"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2000."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA's activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre's achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work."^^ . "2001" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2000. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_General_report_2000.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2000. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2000. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2000. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2000. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2000. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11614 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 2000.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of outreach work: a manual for outreach practitioners."^^ . "Policymakers and practitioners around the world acknowledge the importance of outreach work in the drug field, but the fact that it is a good idea does not mean that every project is of the same standard. Clients, policymakers and project staff need ways of assessing whether projects are fulfilling their aims and objectives. These guidelines aim to help outreach projects: to understand their aims and objectives; to understand and value their activity; to improve that activity; and to show themselves and others their worth\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nIntroduction: Evaluation dialogue 1 \r\nApproaching evaluation \r\n•\tWhy evaluate? \r\n•\tFour essential principles \r\n•\tOutreach evaluation: our approach \r\n•\tEmpowerment evaluation \r\n•\tAssumption-focused evaluation \r\nDesigning and implementing your evaluation \r\n•\tOverview of the evaluation process \r\n•\tEvaluation dialogue 2 \r\n•\tThe four stages of evaluation \r\nEvaluation techniques \r\n•\tMethods and data analysis \r\n•\tCommunicating and presenting your results \r\nGlossary"^^ . "2001" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of outreach work: a manual for outreach practitioners. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Manual_2.pdf"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of outreach work: a manual for outreach practitioners. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of outreach work: a manual for outreach practitioners. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of outreach work: a manual for outreach practitioners. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of outreach work: a manual for outreach practitioners. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of outreach work: a manual for outreach practitioners. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #5658 \n\nGuidelines for the evaluation of outreach work: a manual for outreach practitioners.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Outreach"@en . . . "Treatment outcome"@en . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method"@en . . . "Practice / clinical guidelines"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Injecting drug use, risk behaviour and qualitative research in the time of AIDS."^^ . "Injecting is one of the main causes of health damage related to illegal drug use today. It is strongly related to fatal and non-fatal overdoses, as well as to the transmission of infectious diseases, such as hepatitis B and C, and HIV infection. Yet studying drug injection is no easy task, due to its hidden nature and low prevalence in general population terms. It is necessary to understand why and how people decide to engage in such dangerous behaviour, and to analyse how drug injectors perceive risk.\r\n\r\nThere are fundamental issues that need to be understood in order to interpret and better use epidemiological quantitative data on the subject. This publication is the result of a review undertaken by the EMCDDA working group on injecting drug use and risk behaviour. It helps in understanding injecting drug use and its adverse health consequences, particularly risk behaviour associated with the transmission of HIV.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tInjecting drug use: associated harms \r\n•\tQualitative methods in drugs research \r\n•\tThe role of qualitative research \r\n•\tUnderstanding, injecting risk behaviour \r\n•\tUnderstanding sexual risk behaviour"^^ . "2001" . . . "9291681105" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Urban"^^ . "Weber"^^ . "Urban Weber"^^ . . "Tim"^^ . "Rhodes"^^ . "Tim Rhodes"^^ . . "Marina"^^ . "Barnard"^^ . "Marina Barnard"^^ . . "Jane"^^ . "Fountain"^^ . "Jane Fountain"^^ . . "Julian"^^ . "Vicente"^^ . "Julian Vicente"^^ . . "Fabienne"^^ . "Hariga"^^ . "Fabienne Hariga"^^ . . "Nuria Romo"^^ . "Avilés"^^ . "Nuria Romo Avilés"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Injecting drug use, risk behaviour and qualitative research in the time of AIDS. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Insights_4.pdf"^^ . . . "Injecting drug use, risk behaviour and qualitative research in the time of AIDS. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Injecting drug use, risk behaviour and qualitative research in the time of AIDS. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Injecting drug use, risk behaviour and qualitative research in the time of AIDS. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Injecting drug use, risk behaviour and qualitative research in the time of AIDS. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Injecting drug use, risk behaviour and qualitative research in the time of AIDS. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #5660 \n\nInjecting drug use, risk behaviour and qualitative research in the time of AIDS.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Intravenous / injecting drug user"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Qualitative study"@en . . . "risk-taking behaviour" . . . "Communicable disease control"@en . . . "Modelling drug use: methods to quantify and understand hidden processes."^^ . "Dynamic modelling is a quantitative technique used by scientists when data are scarce to generate estimates, test hypotheses and forecast trends. This publication explores the potential role of dynamic modelling in helping to interpret data on drug use and its consequences in the European Union.\r\n\r\nThe monograph contains over a dozen expert reviews on modelling techniques and their use in estimating drug use and related health consequences. The publication presents dynamic modelling as a valuable analytical tool, not only in improving insight into drug use, but also in contributing to the development of evidence-based drug policies and interventions\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tWhat is modelling and how can it be used? \r\n•\tModelling drug use with available data \r\n•\tModelling techniques and their uses \r\n•\tModelling the health consequences of drug uses \r\n•\tEconomic models"^^ . "2001" . . "9291680567" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Frances"^^ . "Sharp"^^ . "Frances Sharp"^^ . . "Rachel"^^ . "Neaman"^^ . "Rachel Neaman"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #4037 \n\nModelling drug use: methods to quantify and understand hidden processes.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Quantitative data analysis"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2000."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tTrends in drug use and its consequences \r\n•\tTrends in responses to drug use \r\n•\tPrevalence and patterns of drug use \r\n•\tResponses to drug use \r\nSelected issues: \r\n•\tSubstitution treatment \r\n•\tProsecution of drug-related offences \r\n•\tProblems facing women drug users and their children \r\nThe drugs problem in central and eastern Europe"^^ . "2000" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2000. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_2000.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2000. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2000. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2000. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2000. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2000. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11603 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 2000.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1999."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA's activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre's achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work."^^ . "2000" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1999. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_General_report_1999.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1999. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1999. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1999. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1999. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1999. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11613 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1999.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Reviewing current practice in drug-substitution treatment in the European Union."^^ . "This volume is the result of an EMCDDA-commissioned study carried out in 1998­ and 1999 into one of the most widely discussed drug-related topics in Europe today: substitution treatment. The study was prompted by the lively debate on the issue in the mid-1990s, when Switzerland launched its first heroin trial, France began buprenorphine treatment and methadone programmes expanded rapidly throughout Europe. These initiatives led to an increased focus on substitution treatment and to the trajectories it was to follow in the future. \r\n\r\nThe volume opens with a historical overview of substitution treatment, the development of methadone maintenance and other substitution services and a section on monitoring and evaluation. It closes with a series of country profiles for each of the then 15 EU Member States, all containing an introduction to substitution treatment in the country concerned.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tSubstitution treatment in the European Union: an overview and recent trends \r\n•\tCountry reports"^^ . "2000" . . . "9291681040" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Reviewing current practice in drug-substitution treatment in the European Union. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Insights_3.pdf"^^ . . . "Reviewing current practice in drug-substitution treatment in the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Reviewing current practice in drug-substitution treatment in the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Reviewing current practice in drug-substitution treatment in the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Reviewing current practice in drug-substitution treatment in the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Reviewing current practice in drug-substitution treatment in the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11624 \n\nReviewing current practice in drug-substitution treatment in the European Union.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol replacement method (substitution)"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Evaluation: a key tool for improving drug prevention."^^ . "This publication contains over a dozen expert contributions demonstrating how evaluation theory and knowledge can be implemented to improve drug prevention practice in the European Union.\r\n\r\nThe monograph looks at both the practical and political aspects of evaluation and presents an array of tools, techniques and recommendations to improve drug prevention programmes and assess needs, processes and outcomes. Also demonstrated are ways to overcome obstacles that may weaken the evaluation process, such as poor communication between evaluators and policy-makers or conflicts between political agendas and poor evaluation results. This volume complements the EMCDDA’s second scientific monograph and forms part of a broad EMCDDA goal to promote an evaluation culture in Europe.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tRecent progress in evaluation \r\n•\tImproving drug-prevention practice \r\n•\tImproving evaluation practice \r\n•\tRecommendations and evaluation"^^ . "2000" . . . "9291681059" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Margareta"^^ . "Nilson"^^ . "Margareta Nilson"^^ . . "Ulrik"^^ . "Solberg"^^ . "Ulrik Solberg"^^ . . "Rachel"^^ . "Neaman"^^ . "Rachel Neaman"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Evaluation: a key tool for improving drug prevention. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Monograph_5.pdf"^^ . . . "Evaluation: a key tool for improving drug prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Evaluation: a key tool for improving drug prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Evaluation: a key tool for improving drug prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Evaluation: a key tool for improving drug prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Evaluation: a key tool for improving drug prevention. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11633 \n\nEvaluation: a key tool for improving drug prevention.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Research and evaluation"@en . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Understanding and responding to drug use: the role of qualitative research."^^ . "Qualitative research is increasingly recognised by drug experts in the European Union as a useful tool for understanding drug use patterns and planning suitable responses. Focusing on the meanings, perceptions, processes and contexts of the ‘world of drugs’, its main value is to complement quantitative data and analyses and provide insight into developments behind the statistics.\r\n\r\nThis publication offers a comprehensive overview of this issue in the EU. In over 40 chapters, the monograph highlights the multiple roles, techniques and methods of qualitative research, as well as its impact on policy-making.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tThe role of qualitative research \r\n•\tThe impact of qualitative research on policy-making \r\n•\tNew drug trends \r\n•\tRisk behaviour \r\n•\tSocial exclusion \r\n•\tDrug markets \r\n•\tDrug services evaluation \r\n•\tMethodological issues \r\n•\tQualitative research within a global research agenda"^^ . "2000" . . . "9291680885" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Gloria"^^ . "Greenwood"^^ . "Gloria Greenwood"^^ . . "Kathy"^^ . "Robertson"^^ . "Kathy Robertson"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Understanding and responding to drug use: the role of qualitative research. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Monograph_4.pdf"^^ . . . "Understanding and responding to drug use: the role of qualitative research. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Understanding and responding to drug use: the role of qualitative research. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Understanding and responding to drug use: the role of qualitative research. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Understanding and responding to drug use: the role of qualitative research. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Understanding and responding to drug use: the role of qualitative research. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #3432 \n\nUnderstanding and responding to drug use: the role of qualitative research.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Qualitative data analysis"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Qualitative study"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1998."^^ . "The General report of activities is an annual publication providing a detailed progress report of the EMCDDA's activities over a 12-month period. Published every spring, it catalogues the Centre's achievements in each area of its annual work programme. The report is a useful information source for all those seeking comprehensive information on the Centre and its work."^^ . "1999" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1998. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_General_report_1998.pdf"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1998. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1998. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1998. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1998. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1998. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11612 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1998.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Evaluating the treatment of drug abuse in the European Union."^^ . "This monograph describes methods, instruments and indicators designed to enhance the evaluation of treatment programmes for drug users in the EU.\r\n\r\nThrough a dozen expert papers and recommendations, the publication explores the theory of drug treatment evaluation and how the principles of such evaluation can be applied in practice and made relevant to practitioners. In particular, the monograph demonstrates how evaluation can help policy-makers take informed and appropriate decisions on treatment and help professionals boost the quality, relevance and cost-effectiveness of treatment services.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tThe theory of drug-treatment evaluation \r\n•\tTreatment evaluation in practice \r\n•\tTreatment evaluation and policy \r\n•\tWorkshop conclusions"^^ . "1999" . . "9291680516" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #11632 \n\nEvaluating the treatment of drug abuse in the European Union.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Treatment outcome"@en . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "Treatment factors" . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Extended annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1999."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures. \r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tDevelopments in drug use, problems and responses \r\n•\tPrevalence, patterns and consequences of drug use \r\n•\tEstablished responses to drug misuse in the EU \r\n•\tEuropean Drug Prevention Week \r\n•\tCannabis: trends and responses \r\n•\tSynthetic drugs: developments and responses"^^ . "1999" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Extended annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1999. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_1999.pdf"^^ . . . "Extended annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1999. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Extended annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1999. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Extended annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1999. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Extended annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1999. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Extended annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1999. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #5657 \n\nExtended annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1999.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Final report: demand reduction networking in Austria, Ireland, the Netherlands, Spain and Sweden."^^ . "1999" . . "National Institute of Public Health"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #5758 \n\nFinal report: demand reduction networking in Austria, Ireland, the Netherlands, Spain and Sweden.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Sweden" . . . "Spain" . . . "Demand reduction policy"@en . . . "Netherlands"@en . . . "Austria" . . . "Guidelines for the risk assessment of new synthetic drugs."^^ . "This publication was drawn up by the steering group created by the EMCDDA's Scientific Committee in November 1998 to establish guidelines to assess the risks of all new synthetic drugs identified under the terms of the Joint Action concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new synthetic drugs adopted on 16 June 1997 by the Council of the European Union.\r\n\r\nThe publication explains the history of the joint action and how it operates, and outlines basic principles, a conceptual framework and quality information for future risk assessments.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tBasic principles for risk assessment \r\n•\tA conceptual framework for risk assessment \r\n•\tQuality of information for risk assessment \r\n•\tHeadings for risk assessment \r\n•\tPharmacotoxicological evidence \r\n•\tPsychological risk assessment (cognition, mood and mental functioning) \r\n•\tSociological/criminological evidence \r\n•\tPublic health risks: epidemiological evidence"^^ . "1999" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Guidelines for the risk assessment of new synthetic drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Risk_assessment_guidelines.pdf"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the risk assessment of new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the risk assessment of new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the risk assessment of new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the risk assessment of new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Guidelines for the risk assessment of new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11637 \n\nGuidelines for the risk assessment of new synthetic drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Literature review on the relation between drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents."^^ . "The health consequences of drug use are a priority area for the EMCDDA and impaired driving and road traffic accidents linked to drugs constitute an important topic on which comprehensive information is lacking.\r\n\r\nThe literature review addressed inter alia the relationship between different patterns of drug consumption, impaired driving and traffic accidents. In addition drug testing procedures and associated legislation regarding drug-impaired driving in the different EU Member States were described and the issues raised by such testing reviewed. The outcomes of the study included a scientific literature review and annotated bibliography on the relation between drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tMethodological issues on determining the relationship between drug consumption, impaired driving and traffic accidents \r\n•\tEvidence from experimental and field studies \r\n•\tDescription of drug testing procedures in the context of driving in the EU, issues raised by testing, and assessment of the criteria used or proposed in relation to the scientific evidence"^^ . "1999" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Literature review on the relation between drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Lit_review_drug_use_impaired_driving.pdf"^^ . . . "Literature review on the relation between drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Literature review on the relation between drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Literature review on the relation between drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Literature review on the relation between drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Literature review on the relation between drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11649 \n\nLiterature review on the relation between drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Drug use and driving"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences"@en . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-MTA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs."^^ . "An enlarged EMCDDA Scientific Committee met from 18–19 May 1997 in Lisbon to assess the risks of the synthetic drug 4-MTA (4-methylthioamphetamine) in the framework of the Joint action on new synthetic drugs. The Committee's tasks were to assess the health and social risks of the substance and the possible consequences of prohibition.\r\n\r\nThis report concludes that 4-MTA should be placed under control in the EU Member States largely due to the high risks of overdose associated with the drug. These stem from the slow onset of the drug's effects – often misinterpreted by users as the result of a weak dose, leading to the consumption of more pills – and their long-lasting nature. Also highlighted in the report are the serious risks resulting from mixing the drug with alcohol, MDMA, amphetamines, ephedrine and certain foods.\r\n\r\nFurther to the conclusions of the EMCDDA risk assessment, on 13 September 1999, the Council of the European Union adopted a unanimous decision defining the new synthetic drug 4-MTA (4-methylthioamphetamine) as a substance to be placed under control measures and criminal penalties in the EU Member States.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tReport on the risk assessment of 4-MTA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tCouncil decision of 13 September 1999 defining 4-MTA as new synthetic drug which is to be made subject to control measures and criminal penalties \r\n•\tEuropol-EMCDDA progress report on 4-MTA in accordance with Article 3 on the joint action of 16 June 1997 concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and the control of new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tReview of the pharmacotoxicological data on 4-MTA \r\n•\tPublic health risks of 4-MTA: epidemiological evidence \r\n•\tSociological and criminological evidence on the risks of 4-MTA"^^ . "1999" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-MTA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Risk_assessment_4MTA.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-MTA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-MTA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-MTA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-MTA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of 4-MTA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11638 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of 4-MTA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "Recreational drug use"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Report on the risk assessment of MBDB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs."^^ . "On 27 February 1998, the drug MBDB (N-methyl-1-(1,3-benzodioxol- 5-yl)-2-butanamine) became the first new synthetic drug to be submitted for risk assessment under the terms of the Joint Action concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new synthetic drugs adopted on 16 June 1997 by the Council of the European Union.\r\n\r\nThis publication consists of the main results of, and supporting documents from, a special risk-assessment meeting held at the EMCDDA in November 1998 with the participation of the Centre's Scientific Committee, experts from the 15 EU Member States, and representatives of the European Commission, the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products (EMEA), London, and Europol.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tReport on the risk assessment of MBDB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tJoint action concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and the control of new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tEMCDDA-EDU progress report on the joint action on new synthetic drugs \r\n•\tThe pharmacotoxicology and neuropsychology of N-methyl-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-butanamine (MBDB) \r\n•\tSociological and criminological evidence on the risks of MBDB \r\n•\tPublic health risks of MBDB: Epidemiological evidence"^^ . "1999" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Report on the risk assessment of MBDB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Risk_assessment_MBDB.pdf"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of MBDB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of MBDB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of MBDB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of MBDB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Report on the risk assessment of MBDB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11636 \n\nReport on the risk assessment of MBDB in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Ecstasy"@en . . . "Risk assessment"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Scientific review of the literature on estimating the prevalence of drug misuse on the local level."^^ . "Prevalence of problem drug use (PDU) is one of five key indicators used by the EMCDDA to provide more comparable, scientifically based estimates of the prevalence of more severe patterns of drug use that cannot be reliably measured by surveys. This information is useful for assessing treatment needs, and offers a realistic basis for estimating the social costs of drug problems, for example drug-related crime.\r\n\r\nThis report from 1999 reviews the scientific literature relating to the use of epidemiological methods for estimating the prevalence of drug use at the local level.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tIntroduction \r\n•\tDirect methods \r\n•\tIndirect methods \r\n•\tCapture-recapture methods \r\n•\tDynamic models \r\n•\tSynthesis \r\n•\tDiscussion and conclusions"^^ . "1999" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Scientific review of the literature on estimating the prevalence of drug misuse on the local level. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Lit_review_local_prevalence_.pdf"^^ . . . "Scientific review of the literature on estimating the prevalence of drug misuse on the local level. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Scientific review of the literature on estimating the prevalence of drug misuse on the local level. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Scientific review of the literature on estimating the prevalence of drug misuse on the local level. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Scientific review of the literature on estimating the prevalence of drug misuse on the local level. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Scientific review of the literature on estimating the prevalence of drug misuse on the local level. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11647 \n\nScientific review of the literature on estimating the prevalence of drug misuse on the local level.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Data collection method"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "Community needs assessment"@en . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Outreach work among drug users in Europe: concepts, practice and terminology."^^ . "Outreach work among drug users in Europe is the culmination of a multi-country study commissioned by the EMCDDA in 1998 to assess the concepts, practice and terminology relating to outreach work among drug users in the EU Member States. Significant variations are observed in Europe in the political, social, theoretical and practical contexts in which outreach work is delivered to this group. This publication aims to facilitate communication between professionals in this area by establishing linguistic equivalents and makes a case for including outreach work in a European-wide information system. \r\nThe volume makes a significant contribution to the assessment of outreach work in Europe.\r\n\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tWhat is outreach work? \r\n•\tTarget groups, goals and working methods \r\n•\tThe organisational context of outreach work \r\n•\tTerminology in outreach work \r\n•\tDocumentation, data collection and evaluation \r\n•\tCountry overviews and examples of good practice"^^ . "1999" . . "9291680621" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Ian"^^ . "Grant"^^ . "Ian Grant"^^ . . "Roger"^^ . "Lewis"^^ . "Roger Lewis"^^ . . "Marielle"^^ . "Freeman"^^ . "Marielle Freeman"^^ . . "Elisabeth"^^ . "Jacob"^^ . "Elisabeth Jacob"^^ . . "Dirk"^^ . "Korf"^^ . "Dirk Korf"^^ . . "Margareta"^^ . "Nilson"^^ . "Margareta Nilson"^^ . . "Chantal"^^ . "Mougin"^^ . "Chantal Mougin"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #11623 \n\nOutreach work among drug users in Europe: concepts, practice and terminology.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Outreach"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tTrends, patterns and prevalence of use \r\n•\tDemand reduction \r\n•\tThe nature and extent of drug use in central and eastern Europe \r\n•\tNational strategies \r\n•\tActions taken by the European Union \r\n•\tInternational action \r\n•\tAnalysis of public spending on drugs"^^ . "1998" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_1998.pdf"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11605 \n\nAnnual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998: summary and highlights."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tTrends, patterns and prevalence of use \r\n•\tDemand reduction \r\n•\tThe nature and extent of drug use in central and eastern Europe \r\n•\tNational strategies \r\n•\tActions taken by the European Union \r\n•\tInternational action \r\n•\tAnalysis of public spending on drugs"^^ . "1998" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998: summary and highlights. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_1998_summary.pdf"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998: summary and highlights. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998: summary and highlights. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998: summary and highlights. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998: summary and highlights. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998: summary and highlights. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11606 \n\nAnnual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1998: summary and highlights.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1997."^^ . "1998" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #11611 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1997.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Evaluating drug prevention in the European Union."^^ . "Preventing drug use is a universal challenge and identifying approaches that work, and why they work, is a specific objective for drug professionals and evaluators. This monograph focuses on the ideology of prevention in Europe. In particular, it presents arguments for making evaluation a routine and scientifically sound procedure that draws on good practice and proven methodology.\r\n\r\nThe volume includes a broad overview of the history and status of prevention activities and their evaluation in Europe and the US, as well as an introduction to the theoretical foundations of evaluation. Also reviewed are the most commonly encountered evaluation methods, instruments, problems and obstacles and the diversity and complexity of evaluation models. The monograph explores how drug professionals can interest politicians in evaluation and how evaluation can stimulate the allocation of funds.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tBackground to evaluation \r\n•\tEvaluation in practice \r\n•\tConference workshops \r\n•\tConference roundtable"^^ . "1998" . . . "9291680508" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Evaluating drug prevention in the European Union. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Monograph_2.pdf"^^ . . . "Evaluating drug prevention in the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Evaluating drug prevention in the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Evaluating drug prevention in the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Evaluating drug prevention in the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Evaluating drug prevention in the European Union. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11631 \n\nEvaluating drug prevention in the European Union.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "European Union" . . . "Drugs and alcohol prevention"@en . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Guidelines for the evaluation of drug prevention: a manual for programme planners and evaluators."^^ . "These guidelines give detailed, step-by-step advice to programme-planners and evaluators on how to assess the different stages of drug-prevention interventions. Recently evaluated as one of the Centre's most utilised publications. \r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\nIntroduction \r\nGuidelines for planning and realising evaluation \r\n•\tEvaluating programme planning \r\n•\tProcess evaluation \r\n•\tOutcome evaluation \r\n•\tCommunicating the results \r\nExamples \r\n•\tEvaluating programme planning \r\n•\tProcess evaluation \r\n•\tOutcome evaluation \r\n•\tCommunicating the results \r\nGlossary"^^ . "1998" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #6258 \n\nGuidelines for the evaluation of drug prevention: a manual for programme planners and evaluators.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Programme evaluation" . . . "European Union" . . . "Programme planning (strategy)"@en . . . "Prevention programme or service"@en . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1997."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tPrevalence and patterns of use \r\n•\tDemand reduction \r\n•\tNew trends in synthetic drugs \r\n•\tNational strategies \r\n•\tAction taken by the EU \r\n•\tThe international environment"^^ . "1997" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1997. (PDF)"^^ . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_1997_summary.pdf"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1997. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1997. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1997. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1997. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1997. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11607 \n\nAnnual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1997.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1996."^^ . "1997" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #11610 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1996.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Joint seminar. Drugs: research initiatives in the European Union: synthesis report."^^ . "In 1996, representatives of the 15 Member States and individual researchers were invited to a joint seminar, organised by the European Commission and the EMCDDA, entitled ‘Drug research-related initiatives in the European Union’. The seminar was held under the European Commission’s project Inventing tomorrow which aimed to propose guidelines for the Fifth research and technical development framework programme. National focal points were requested by the European Commission Drugs Coordination Unit and the EMCDDA to prepare ‘national reports on the national drug research situation and identification of research needs.' The results of this initiative are presented in this report.\r\n\r\nThe current document presents an analytic summary of the 16 reports which have been produced in the context of the joint EU-EMCDDA initiative ‘National drug research situation and identification of research needs’. The document has a purely academic character in that it intends to analytically summarize the information provided in the different reports."^^ . "1997" . . . "EMCDDA; European University Institute"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . "European University Institute"^^ . . . . . . . "Joint seminar. Drugs: research initiatives in the European Union: synthesis report. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA-research-seminar_1997.pdf"^^ . . . "Joint seminar. Drugs: research initiatives in the European Union: synthesis report. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Joint seminar. Drugs: research initiatives in the European Union: synthesis report. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Joint seminar. Drugs: research initiatives in the European Union: synthesis report. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Joint seminar. Drugs: research initiatives in the European Union: synthesis report. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11806 \n\nJoint seminar. Drugs: research initiatives in the European Union: synthesis report.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Literature review of studies of mortaility and feasibility study for a common methodology."^^ . "This is the final report of the EMCDDA project 'Review of scientific studies of mortality among drug users and feasibility study for a common methodology for monitoring overall and cause-specific mortality among drug users in Member States.' The project was developed according to the following phases:\r\n1. Collection of published studies on mortality among drug users;\r\n2. Critical revision of the methods used and the results obtained in the selected studies;\r\n3. Oganisation of a meeting to discuss the major issues to be taken into account for developing a standardized methodology to assess overall and cause-specific mortality rates among drug users in Member States of European Union;\r\n4. Draft of a standardized protocol for a cohort mortality study among drug users in different European Countries."^^ . "1997" . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Literature review of studies of mortaility and feasibility study for a common methodology. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Lit_review_mortality.pdf"^^ . . . "Literature review of studies of mortaility and feasibility study for a common methodology. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Literature review of studies of mortaility and feasibility study for a common methodology. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Literature review of studies of mortaility and feasibility study for a common methodology. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Literature review of studies of mortaility and feasibility study for a common methodology. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Literature review of studies of mortaility and feasibility study for a common methodology. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11646 \n\nLiterature review of studies of mortaility and feasibility study for a common methodology.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol related mortality / death"@en . . . "Data collection method"@en . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Data analysis method"@en . . . "New trends in synthetic drugs in the EU: epidemiology and demand-reduction responses."^^ . "In June 1997, the EMCDDA was assigned a major role by the Council of the EU in the detection and risk assessment of new synthetic drugs. Later that year, it published New trends in synthetic drugs in the European Union, based on two Europe-wide reviews of the epidemiology of synthetic drug use and related demand-reduction activities in the EU. The publication responded to a clear need to audit what was known of the new synthetic drug phenomenon at that time across Europe and to develop a comprehensive knowledge base for informing policy, legislation and prevention initiatives in this area. \r\n\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tThe drugs \r\n•\tNew trends \r\n•\tThe epidemiology of synthetic drugs \r\n•\tDemand reduction and synthetic drugs"^^ . "1997" . . "9291680303" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Richard"^^ . "Hartnoll"^^ . "Richard Hartnoll"^^ . . "Margareta"^^ . "Nilson"^^ . "Margareta Nilson"^^ . . "Karl"^^ . "Jansen"^^ . "Karl Jansen"^^ . . "James"^^ . "Sherval"^^ . "James Sherval"^^ . . "Louisa"^^ . "Vingoe"^^ . "Louisa Vingoe"^^ . . "Paul"^^ . "Griffiths"^^ . "Paul Griffiths"^^ . . "Roger"^^ . "Lewis"^^ . "Roger Lewis"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #11622 \n\nNew trends in synthetic drugs in the EU: epidemiology and demand-reduction responses.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Drugs and alcohol in general"@en . . . "European Union" . . . "Pharmacology and toxicology " . . . "Estimating the prevalence of problem drug use in Europe. Papers arising from a scientific seminar on addiction prevalence estimation: methods and research strategies held in Strasbourg, France, 10-14 June 1996."^^ . "This is a landmark publication on prevalence estimation theory and method in the European Union. The monograph – the result of collaboration between 30 scientific authors – explores the relationship between epidemiological work on the estimation of drug problems and the development of drug policy and strategy.\r\n\r\nThe strengths and weaknesses of the most commonly used estimation techniques – such as case finding, capture–recapture, multiplier and nomination – are uncovered in the volume, as are the virtues of combining and comparing different methods in the estimation process. The monograph underlines the need to improve the quality of data on which prevalence estimates depend, and to complement these estimates with qualitative studies exploring other aspects of the drug situation beyond the statistics.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tScience and policy \r\n•\tCase-finding methods \r\n•\tCapture-recapture methods \r\n•\tMultiplier methods \r\n•\tNomination methods \r\n•\tCombining and comparing different estimation methods"^^ . "1997" . . . "9291680060" . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Martin"^^ . "Frischer"^^ . "Martin Frischer"^^ . . "Alan"^^ . "Quirk"^^ . "Alan Quirk"^^ . . "Matthew"^^ . "Hickman"^^ . "Matthew Hickman"^^ . . "Colin"^^ . "Taylor"^^ . "Colin Taylor"^^ . . "Gerry V"^^ . "Stimson"^^ . "Gerry V Stimson"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Estimating the prevalence of problem drug use in Europe. Papers arising from a scientific seminar on addiction prevalence estimation: methods and research strategies held in Strasbourg, France, 10-14 June 1996. (PDF)"^^ . . . . . "EMCDDA_Monograph_1.pdf"^^ . . . "Estimating the prevalence of problem drug use in Europe. Papers arising from a scientific seminar on addiction prevalence estimation: methods and research strategies held in Strasbourg, France, 10-14 June 1996. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Estimating the prevalence of problem drug use in Europe. Papers arising from a scientific seminar on addiction prevalence estimation: methods and research strategies held in Strasbourg, France, 10-14 June 1996. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Estimating the prevalence of problem drug use in Europe. Papers arising from a scientific seminar on addiction prevalence estimation: methods and research strategies held in Strasbourg, France, 10-14 June 1996. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Estimating the prevalence of problem drug use in Europe. Papers arising from a scientific seminar on addiction prevalence estimation: methods and research strategies held in Strasbourg, France, 10-14 June 1996. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Estimating the prevalence of problem drug use in Europe. Papers arising from a scientific seminar on addiction prevalence estimation: methods and research strategies held in Strasbourg, France, 10-14 June 1996. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #3476 \n\nEstimating the prevalence of problem drug use in Europe. Papers arising from a scientific seminar on addiction prevalence estimation: methods and research strategies held in Strasbourg, France, 10-14 June 1996.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Research and evaluation"@en . . . "Research and evaluation method"@en . . . "Europe"@en . . . "Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use"@en . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1995."^^ . "1996" . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #11609 \n\nEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA): general report of activities 1995.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1995."^^ . "The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.\r\n\r\nTable of contents\r\n•\tDemand and demand reduction \r\n•\tAnti-drug strategies \r\n•\tInformation sources \r\n•\tInformation structures"^^ . "1995" . . . "Office for Official Publications of the European Communities"^^ . . . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1995. (PDF)"^^ . . . . "EMCDDA_Annual_report_1995_summary.pdf"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1995. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1995. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1995. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1995. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1995. (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #11608 \n\nAnnual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union 1995.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "European Union" . . . "Cross-cultural study"@en . . . "Drugs and alcohol use behaviour"@en . . . "Annotated bibliography of epidemiological research on illicit drugs in Europe. Volume two annexes."^^ . "1993" . . "EMCDDA"^^ . . . . . . . "Richard"^^ . "Hartnoll"^^ . "Richard Hartnoll"^^ . . "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction"^^ . . . . . . "HTML Summary of #5771 \n\nAnnotated bibliography of epidemiological research on illicit drugs in Europe. Volume two annexes.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Epidemiology"@en . . . "Health services, drugs and alcohol research"@en . . . "Europe"@en .