info:oai:generic.eprints.org:28067info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/28067/ User-led interventions: an expanding resource? Webster, Russell Treatment factors Peer relations Drug user Europe European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction 2017-10 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/28067/1/EuropeanResponsesGuide2017_BackgroundPaper-User-led-drug-interventions.pdf Webster, Russell <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Webster=3ARussell=3A=3A.html> [EMCDDA] . (2017) User-led interventions: an expanding resource? Lisbon: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. 14 p. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:27385info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/27385/ Responsible drinking ‘social norms’ messages not credible, say students. Prevention through information and education Level of drugs and alcohol use among peers Information use and impact Undergraduate or graduate student United Kingdom A study set in a UK university found telling students that their peers drink less than they might think did not reinforce their intentions to drink responsibly. Though the message that most students have ‘six drinks or less’ on each occasion was clear, students did not believe, trust or relate to it Key points from summary and commentary • The ‘social norms’ approach aims to correct students’ misperceptions about how much their peers drink, in a bid to curb their own excessive drinking. • Tested among 1020 University of Liverpool students, there proved to be little to no impact from disseminating norms about responsible drinking. • Though there was evidence of participants overestimating how much the majority of their peers drink, and a link between believing others followed the norm and students’ usual drinking behaviour, norms did not appear to be driving drinking in the latter. Drug and Alcohol Findings 2017-05 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/27385/1/Robinson_E_4_findings.pdf [Drug and Alcohol Findings] (2017) Responsible drinking ‘social norms’ messages not credible, say students. London: Drug and Alcohol Findings. Drug and Alcohol Findings Bulletin (5 May 2017) 4 p. http://findings.org.uk/docs/bulletins/Bull_05_05_17.php?s=ebinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:27089info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/27089/ Does AA really help drinkers stop? Alcohol Alcohol dependence Group therapy Spirituality and religion in treatment Treatment outcome Treatment factors Peer relations England 12-step fellowships offer a way to reconcile shrunken resources with the desire to get more patients safely out of treatment. Accounting for the self-selection bias which has obscured AA’s impacts, this synthesis of US trials finds that attending more meetings after treatment boosts abstinence. Why then is research equivocal on whether promoting attendance improves drink-related outcomes? Key points from summary and commentary • This synthesis of US trials found that the more AA meetings problem drinkers attend after treatment, the fewer the days on which they drink, even after accounting for the possibility that more promising patients self-select into AA. • However, research is equivocal on whether systematically and intensively encouraging attendance at 12-step groups significantly improves drink-related outcomes; heavy drinking and adverse consequences are usually unaffected even if abstinence is modestly boosted. • A trial in England found no statistically significant improvements in abstinence after more active referral to 12-step groups, but was not a definitive test of these types of interventions. Drug and Alcohol Findings 2017-03 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/27089/1/Drug_%26_Alcohol_Findings_Humphreys_Estimating_efficacy_of_AA_K_28_findings.pdf [Drug and Alcohol Findings] (2017) Does AA really help drinkers stop? London: Drug and Alcohol Findings. (28 March 2017) 4 p. http://findings.org.uk/docs/bulletins/Bull_28_03_17.php?s=ebinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:27522info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/27522/ Youth social behaviour and network therapy (Y-SBNT): adaptation of a family and social network intervention for young people who misuse alcohol and drugs - a randomised controlled feasibility trial. Watson, Judith Toner, Paul Day, Ed Back, Donna Brady, Louca-Mai Fairhurst, Caroline Renwick, Charlotte Templeton, Lorna Akhtar, Shabana Lloyd, Charlie Li, Jinshuo Cocks, Kim Ambegaokar, Sangeeta Parrott, Steve McArdle, Paul Gilvarry, Eilish Copello, Alex Alcohol consumption Alcohol Psychosocial treatment method Treatment outcome Family-focused prevention Treatment factors Peer relations Family support Family role Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) United Kingdom BACKGROUND: Family interventions appear to be effective at treating young people's substance misuse. However, implementation of family approaches in UK services is low. This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of recruiting young people to an intervention based on an adaptation of adult social behaviour and network therapy. It also sought to involve young people with experience of using substance misuse services in the research process. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the feasibility of recruiting young people to family and social network therapy and to explore ways in which young people with experience of using substance misuse services could be involved in a study of this nature. DESIGN: A pragmatic, two-armed, randomised controlled open feasibility trial. SETTING: Two UK-based treatment services for young people with substance use problems, with recruitment taking place from May to November 2014. PARTICIPANTS: Young people aged 12-18 years, newly referred and accepted for structured interventions for drug and/or alcohol problems. INTERVENTIONS: A remote, web-based computer randomisation system allocated young people to adapted youth social behaviour and network therapy (Y-SBNT) or treatment as usual (TAU). Y-SBNT participants were intended to receive up to six 50-minute sessions over a maximum of 12 weeks. TAU participants continued to receive usual care delivered by their service. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Feasibility was measured by recruitment rates, retention in treatment and follow-up completion rates. The main clinical outcome was the proportion of days on which the main problem substance was used in the preceding 90-day period as captured by the Timeline Follow-Back interview at 3 and 12 months. RESULTS: In total, 53 young people were randomised (Y-SBNT, n = 26; TAU, n = 27) against a target of 60 (88.3%). Forty-two young people attended at least one treatment session [Y-SBNT 22/26 (84.6%); TAU 20/27 (74.1%)]; follow-up rates were 77.4% at month 3 and 73.6% at month 12. Data for nine young people were missing at both months 3 and 12, so the main clinical outcome analysis was based on 24 young people (92.3%) in the Y-SBNT group and 20 young people (74.1%) in the TAU group. At month 12, the average proportion of days that the main problem substance was used in the preceding 90 days was higher in the Y-SBNT group than in the TAU group (0.54 vs. 0.41; adjusted mean difference 0.13, 95% confidence interval -0.12 to 0.39; p = 0.30). No adverse events were reported. Seventeen young people with experience of substance misuse services were actively involved throughout the study. They informed key elements of the intervention and research process, ensuring that the intervention was acceptable and relevant to our target groups; contributing to the design of key trial documents, ideas for a new model of public involvement and this report. Two parents were also involved. CONCLUSIONS: The adapted intervention could be delivered in young people's services, and qualitative interviews found that Y-SBNT was acceptable to young people, family members and staff. Engagement of family and network members proved difficult within the intervention and research aspects. The study proved the feasibility of this work in routine services but outcome measurement based on narrow substance use variables may be limited and may fail to capture other important changes in wider areas of functioning for young people. Validation of the EuroQol-5 Dimensions for young people aged 12-18 years should be considered and flexible models for involvement of young people in research are required to achieve inclusive representation throughout all aspects of the research process. Although recommendation of a full trial of the Y-SBNT intervention compared with TAU is not supported, this study can inform future intervention development and UK research within routine addiction services. National Institute for Health Research 2017-03 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed Watson, Judith <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Watson=3AJudith=3A=3A.html> and Toner, Paul <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Toner=3APaul=3A=3A.html> and Day, Ed <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Day=3AEd=3A=3A.html> and Back, Donna <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Back=3ADonna=3A=3A.html> and Brady, Louca-Mai <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Brady=3ALouca-Mai=3A=3A.html> and Fairhurst, Caroline <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Fairhurst=3ACaroline=3A=3A.html> and Renwick, Charlotte <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Renwick=3ACharlotte=3A=3A.html> and Templeton, Lorna <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Templeton=3ALorna=3A=3A.html> and Akhtar, Shabana <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Akhtar=3AShabana=3A=3A.html> and Lloyd, Charlie <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Lloyd=3ACharlie=3A=3A.html> and Li, Jinshuo <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Li=3AJinshuo=3A=3A.html> and Cocks, Kim <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Cocks=3AKim=3A=3A.html> and Ambegaokar, Sangeeta <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Ambegaokar=3ASangeeta=3A=3A.html> and Parrott, Steve <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Parrott=3ASteve=3A=3A.html> and McArdle, Paul <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McArdle=3APaul=3A=3A.html> and Gilvarry, Eilish <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Gilvarry=3AEilish=3A=3A.html> and Copello, Alex <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Copello=3AAlex=3A=3A.html> [NIHR] . (2017) Youth social behaviour and network therapy (Y-SBNT): adaptation of a family and social network intervention for young people who misuse alcohol and drugs - a randomised controlled feasibility trial. Southampton: National Institute for Health Research. Health Technology Assessment, 21 (15) https://www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk/hta/hta21150/#/abstractinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:26414info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalHorganAineHorgan, Aine <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Horgan=3AAine=3A=3A.html>SweeneyJohnSweeney, John <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Sweeney=3AJohn=3A=3A.html>BehanLauraBehan, Laura <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Behan=3ALaura=3A=3A.html>McCarthyGeraldineMcCarthy, Geraldine <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McCarthy=3AGeraldine=3A=3A.html>1272December 20161365-2648Depressive symptoms, college adjustment and peer support among undergraduate nursing and midwifery students.Journal of Advanced Nursing3081-3092articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:27676info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/27676/ What influences 11-year-olds to drink? Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study. Kelly, Yvonne Goisis, Alice Sacker, Amanda Cable, Noriko Watt, Richard G Britton, Annie Alcohol consumption Alcohol Risk and protective factors risk factors Level of drugs and alcohol use among peers Family role Role of parent Child Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) BACKGROUND: Drinking in youth is linked to other risky behaviours, educational failure and premature death. Prior research has examined drinking in mid and late teenagers, but little is known about the factors that influence drinking at the beginning of adolescence. Objectives were: 1. to assess associations of parental and friends' drinking with reported drinking among 11 year olds; 2. to investigate the roles of perceptions of harm, expectancies towards alcohol, parental supervision and family relationships on reported drinking among 11 year olds. METHODS: Analysis of data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study on 10498 11-year-olds. The outcome measure was having drank an alcoholic drink, self-reported by cohort members. RESULTS: 13.6 % of 11 year olds reported having drank. Estimates reported are odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals. Cohort members whose mothers drank were more likely to drink (light/moderate = 1.6, 1.3 to 2.0, heavy/binge = 1.8, 1.4 to 2.3). Cohort members whose fathers drank were also more likely to drink but these estimates lost statistical significance when covariates were adjusted for (light/moderate = 1.3, 0.9 to 1.9, heavy/binge = 1.3, 0.9 to 1.9). Having friends who drank was strongly associated with cohort member drinking (4.8, 3.9 to 5.9). Associated with reduced odds of cohort member drinking were: heightened perception of harm from 1-2 drinks daily (some = 0.9, 0.7 to 1.1, great = 0.6, 0.5 to 0.7); and negative expectancies towards alcohol (0.5, 0.4 to 0.7). Associated with increased odds of cohort member drinking were: positive expectancies towards alcohol (1.9, 1.4 to 2.5); not being supervised on weekends and weekdays (often = 1.2, 1.0 to 1.4); frequent battles of will (1.3, 1.1 to 1.5); and not being happy with family (1.2, 1.0 to 1.5). CONCLUSIONS: Examining drinking at this point in the lifecourse has potentially important public health implications as around one in seven 11 year olds have drank, although the vast majority are yet to explore alcohol. Findings support interventions working at multiple levels that incorporate family and peer factors to help shape choices around risky behaviours including drinking. BioMed Central 2016-03-04 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed Kelly, Yvonne <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Kelly=3AYvonne=3A=3A.html> and Goisis, Alice <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Goisis=3AAlice=3A=3A.html> and Sacker, Amanda <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Sacker=3AAmanda=3A=3A.html> and Cable, Noriko <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Cable=3ANoriko=3A=3A.html> and Watt, Richard G <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Watt=3ARichard_G=3A=3A.html> and Britton, Annie <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Britton=3AAnnie=3A=3A.html> [Biomed Central] . (2016) What influences 11-year-olds to drink? Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study. BioMed Central. BMC Public Health, 16 (169) https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-016-2847-xinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:25274info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/25274/ Parental alcohol use and resilience in young people in Northern Ireland: a study of family, peer & school processes. McLaughlin, Aisling O'Neill, Tara McCarten, Claire Percy, Andy McCann, Mark Perra, Oliver Higgins, Kathryn Problem drugs and alcohol use suicidal behaviour / suicide Alcohol use Peer relations Drugs and alcohol related family problems School Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) Northern Ireland HSC Research and Development Division, Public Health Agency 2016-03 Report NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/25274/1/Parental%20alcohol%20use%20and%20resilience%20in%20young%20people%20in%20Northern%20Ireland.pdf McLaughlin, Aisling <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McLaughlin=3AAisling=3A=3A.html> and O'Neill, Tara <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/O=27Neill=3ATara=3A=3A.html> and McCarten, Claire <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McCarten=3AClaire=3A=3A.html> and Percy, Andy <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Percy=3AAndy=3A=3A.html> and McCann, Mark <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McCann=3AMark=3A=3A.html> and Perra, Oliver <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Perra=3AOliver=3A=3A.html> and Higgins, Kathryn <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Higgins=3AKathryn=3A=3A.html> (2016) Parental alcohol use and resilience in young people in Northern Ireland: a study of family, peer & school processes. Belfast: HSC Research and Development Division, Public Health Agency. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:25764info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/25764/ Peer engagement in harm reduction strategies and services: a critical case study and evaluation framework from British Columbia, Canada. Greer, Alissa M Luchenski, Serena A Amlani, Ashraf A Lacroix, Katie Burmeister, Charlene Buxton, Jane A Coping skills Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction Treatment and maintenance Peer relations Social support Inclusion and exclusion Drug user Canada BACKGROUND: Engaging people with drug use experience, or 'peers,' in decision-making helps to ensure harm reduction services reflect current need. There is little published on the implementation, evaluation, and effectiveness of meaningful peer engagement. This paper aims to describe and evaluate peer engagement in British Columbia from 2010-2014. METHODS: A process evaluation framework specific to peer engagement was developed and used to assess progress made, lessons learned, and future opportunities under four domains: supportive environment, equitable participation, capacity building and empowerment, and improved programming and policy. The evaluation was conducted by reviewing primary and secondary qualitative data including focus groups, formal documents, and meeting minutes. RESULTS: Peer engagement was an iterative process that increased and improved over time as a consequence of reflexive learning. Practical ways to develop trust, redress power imbalances, and improve relationships were crosscutting themes. Lack of support, coordination, and building on existing capacity were factors that could undermine peer engagement. Peers involved across the province reviewed and provided feedback on these results. CONCLUSION: Recommendations from this evaluation can be applied to other peer engagement initiatives in decision-making settings to improve relationships between peers and professionals and to ensure programs and policies are relevant and equitable. BioMed Central 2016 Evidence resource PeerReviewed Greer, Alissa M <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Greer=3AAlissa_M=3A=3A.html> and Luchenski, Serena A <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Luchenski=3ASerena_A=3A=3A.html> and Amlani, Ashraf A <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Amlani=3AAshraf_A=3A=3A.html> and Lacroix, Katie <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Lacroix=3AKatie=3A=3A.html> and Burmeister, Charlene <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Burmeister=3ACharlene=3A=3A.html> and Buxton, Jane A <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Buxton=3AJane_A=3A=3A.html> [Biomed Central] . (2016) Peer engagement in harm reduction strategies and services: a critical case study and evaluation framework from British Columbia, Canada. BioMed Central. BMC Public Health, 16 (1) 452. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3136-4 https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-016-3136-4 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3136-4info:oai:generic.eprints.org:26022info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalFitzgeraldAmandaFitzgerald, Amanda <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Fitzgerald=3AAmanda=3A=3A.html>MaguireJaneMaguire, Jane <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Maguire=3AJane=3A=3A.html>DooleyBarbaraDooley, Barbara <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Dooley=3ABarbara=3A=3A.html>135120161532-2491Substance misuse and behavioral adjustment problems in Irish adolescents: examining contextual risk and social proximal factors.Substance Use & Misuse1790-1809articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:25613info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/25613/ Refreshing perspectives: exploring the application of peer research with populations facing severe and multiple disadvantage. Terry, Lucy Health services, drugs and alcohol research Peer relations Inclusion and exclusion Research organization and management Research and evaluation method United Kingdom Part Two of a series of literature reviews on severe and multiple disadvantage. Contents: • Introduction • Key concepts in peer research • Practical considerations of peer research • Ethics in peer research: a theoretical underpinning and a practical consideration • Conclusion: Where next for peer research? Lankelly Chase 2016 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/25613/2/refreshing_perspectives_peer_research.pdf Revolving Doors Agency. Terry, Lucy <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Terry=3ALucy=3A=3A.html> . (2016) Refreshing perspectives: exploring the application of peer research with populations facing severe and multiple disadvantage. Lankelly Chase. 33 p. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:23378info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/23378/ Social norms information for alcohol misuse in university and college students. Foxcroft, David Moreira, Maria Teresa Almeida Santimano, Nerissa ML Smith, Lesley A Alcohol consumption Alcohol Prevention through information and education Health information and education Level of drugs and alcohol use among peers Information use and impact Student behaviour and participation Undergraduate or graduate student John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2015-12 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed Foxcroft, David <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Foxcroft=3ADavid=3A=3A.html> and Moreira, Maria Teresa <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Moreira=3AMaria_Teresa=3A=3A.html> and Almeida Santimano, Nerissa ML <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Almeida_Santimano=3ANerissa_ML=3A=3A.html> and Smith, Lesley A <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Smith=3ALesley_A=3A=3A.html> [The Cochrane Library] . (2015) Social norms information for alcohol misuse in university and college students. London: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 12 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006748.pub4 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006748.pub3 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006748.pub4info:oai:generic.eprints.org:24565info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/24565/ Takes one to know one. An evaluation of peer mentoring in the drug dependency treatment sector. Bright, Janet Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method Psychosocial treatment method Peer relations Social support United Kingdom Peer mentoring is defined by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime as ‘the use of same age or same background educators to convey educational messages to a target group. Peer educators work by endorsing “healthy” norms, beliefs and behaviours within their own peer group or “community” and challenging those which are “unhealthy”’ (2002: 8). The primary focus of this study was to explore the views of the stakeholders in peer mentoring. Studies have rarely, if ever, focused on the perspective of the peer mentor, instead they have examined the impact on the mentee. This study sought to build upon existing research into peer mentoring in the drug dependency treatment sector by exploring the perceived benefits and drawbacks of the intervention from the perspectives of peer mentors and service providers. To further understanding of peer mentoring in treatment for dependency, the following questions were asked: • What are the benefits of peer mentoring as perceived by the mentor and service providers? • What are the drawbacks of peer mentoring as perceived by the mentor and service providers? • What added benefit does a peer mentor bring, as opposed to a non-peer mentor? • Why do the parties involved think that mentoring is beneficial? The Howard League for Penal Reform 2015-09 Report NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/24565/1/Peer_mentoring_Takes_one_to_know_one.pdf Bright, Janet <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Bright=3AJanet=3A=3A.html> (2015) Takes one to know one. An evaluation of peer mentoring in the drug dependency treatment sector. London: The Howard League for Penal Reform. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:23998info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalMoorIreneMoor, Irene <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Moor=3AIrene=3A=3A.html>RathmannKatharinaRathmann, Katharina <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Rathmann=3AKatharina=3A=3A.html>LenziMichelaLenzi, Michela <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Lenzi=3AMichela=3A=3A.html>PförtnerTimo-KoljaPförtner, Timo-Kolja <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Pf=F6rtner=3ATimo-Kolja=3A=3A.html>NagelhoutGera ENagelhout, Gera E <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Nagelhout=3AGera_E=3A=3A.html>de LoozeMargreetde Looze, Margreet <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/de_Looze=3AMargreet=3A=3A.html>BendtsenPernilleBendtsen, Pernille <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Bendtsen=3APernille=3A=3A.html>WillemsenMarcWillemsen, Marc <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Willemsen=3AMarc=3A=3A.html>KannasLasseKannas, Lasse <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Kannas=3ALasse=3A=3A.html>KunstAnton EKunst, Anton E <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Kunst=3AAnton_E=3A=3A.html>RichterMatthiasRichter, Matthias <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Richter=3AMatthias=3A=3A.html>325June 20151464-360XSocioeconomic inequalities in adolescent smoking across 35 countries: a multilevel analysis of the role of family, school and peers.European Journal of Public Health457-63articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:23293info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/23293/ Peer support toolkit. Peer relations Social support Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) Drug or health care worker Prevention worker United Kingdom There is a strong tradition of peer support in the drug and alcohol field. The people involved go by various names – recovery champions, buddies, peer mentors and more – but the gist remains the same: that people themselves in recovery from drug and alcohol use can be authentic and effective voices in supporting others along their own journeys. This toolkit brings together information for peer supporters and their managers. Substance Misuse Skills Consortium 2015-01 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/23293/1/Skills_Consortium_Peer_Support_Kit_Final.pdf0.pdf Substance Misuse Skills Consortium. [Public Health England] (2015) Peer support toolkit. London: Substance Misuse Skills Consortium. 25 p. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:23619info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalMayockPaulaMayock, Paula <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Mayock=3APaula=3A=3A.html>CronlyJenniferCronly, Jennifer <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Cronly=3AJennifer=3A=3A.html>ClattsMichael CClatts, Michael C <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Clatts=3AMichael_C=3A=3A.html>65020151532-2491The risk environment of heroin initiation: young women, intimate partners, and “drug relationships”.Substance Use & Misuse771-782articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:22795info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalMcKayMichael TMcKay, Michael T <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McKay=3AMichael_T=3A=3A.html>25020151532-2491Parental rules, parent and peer attachment, and adolescent drinking behaviors.Substance Use & Misuse184-188articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:23079info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/23079/ The efficacy and effectiveness of drug and alcohol abuse prevention programmes delivered outside of school settings. Munton, Tony Wedlock, Elaine Gomersall, Alan Drugs and alcohol prevention Prevention outcome Targeted prevention Prevention by sponsor or setting Peer relations Family support Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) Early school Leaver Ireland Health Research Board 2014 Report NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/23079/1/HRB036_Evidence_Series_Abuse_Programmes_Outside_Of_School_Settings_online.pdf video/mpeg en hrb_nota http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/23079/7/Prevention_recording_06_02_15.mp4 Munton, Tony <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Munton=3ATony=3A=3A.html> and Wedlock, Elaine <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Wedlock=3AElaine=3A=3A.html> and Gomersall, Alan <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Gomersall=3AAlan=3A=3A.html> (2014) The efficacy and effectiveness of drug and alcohol abuse prevention programmes delivered outside of school settings. Dublin: Health Research Board. HRB drug and alcohol evidence review 2info:oai:generic.eprints.org:21091info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21091/ Facilitating access to mutual aid. Three essential stages for helping clients access appropriate mutual aid support. Social support Health care delivery Drugs and alcohol recovery Organisational development United Kingdom Treatment factors Needs assessment Peer relations Workforce / staff skills and training Mutual aid groups are a source of structure and continuing support for people seeking recovery from alcohol or drug dependence, and for those directly or indirectly affected by dependence, such as partners, close friends, children and other family members. The evidence base shows that clients who actively participate in mutual aid are more likely to sustain their recovery, and the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends that treatment staff routinely provide information about mutual aid groups and facilitate access for those who want to attend (NICE, 2007; NICE, 2011; NICE, 2012). In working towards compliance with NICE quality standards, local commissioners and service providers will seek to ensure that facilitating access to mutual aid is supported within the local recovery system and that keyworkers recognise it as an integral part of their role. Keyworkers must give thought to the way they approach the subject of mutual aid with their clients because the evidence shows that simply providing information and leaving them to make contact often results in them either never attending or quickly dropping out (Humphreys, 1999). A more active approach involves services promoting and hosting local meetings, holding explicit and structured conversations with clients, and setting care-planned goals around attending and engaging. Evidence shows that this kind of approach is usually more effective (Timko et al., 2006). Some specialist interventions have been developed to help clients engage with specific mutual aid organisations (eg, 12-step facilitation, SMART Recovery Partnership programme and other structured programmes). However, these protocols require specialised training, which is usually delivered over eight to 12 weekly sessions in a group setting. This document provides keyworkers with a pragmatic intervention adapted from an evidence-based approach to facilitating access to mutual aid, using their existing skills in regular one-to-one key-work sessions. It focuses on holding explicit and structured conversations with clients, and setting care-planned goals around attending and engaging in mutual aid programmes. About the mutual aid self-assessment tool: This self-assessment tool has been developed to support local authority partnerships to improve their understanding of the availability of mutual aid locally, to identify any gaps that may exist and to highlight any potential barriers that may need to be overcome. The information gathered as a result of its undertaking will enable partnerships to develop a local action plan that ensures they are taking steps towards fostering effective links between treatment services and local mutual aid groups, and ensuring that all clients have the opportunity and encouragement to access a mutual aid programme of their choice. It is suggested that local commissioners of alcohol and drug services lead on this mutual aid self-assessment. The quality of the self-assessment is likely to be enhanced by completing it in close collaboration with local treatment providers, service user representatives and where possible representatives of local mutual aid groups. [Also see related publication at the link below] Public Health England 2013-12 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21091/1/mutualaid-facilitating_access.pdf application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21091/2/mutualaidselfassessment.pdf Public Health England. (2013) Facilitating access to mutual aid. Three essential stages for helping clients access appropriate mutual aid support. London: Public Health England. 28 p. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:21090info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21090/ A briefing on the evidence-based drug and alcohol treatment guidance recommendations on mutual aid. Treatment outcome Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method Social support protective factors United Kingdom Treatment factors Peer relations Mutual Aid refers to the social, emotional and informational support provided by, and to, members of a group at every stage of recovery. Groups often include people who are abstinent and want help to remain so – these people are actively changing their behaviour using a programme of mutual aid. They also include people who are thinking about stopping and/or actively trying to stop their drug and alcohol use. Groups also exist to support families, children and friends affected by substance misuse. The most common mutual aid groups in England include 12-step fellowships and SMART Recovery. The fellowships (eg, Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Cocaine Anonymous (CA) and Al-Anon) are based on a 12-step selfhelp philosophy developed in the 1930s. SMART Recovery applies cognitive behavioural techniques and therapeutic lifestyle change to its mutual aid groups to help people manage their recovery. The role played by mutual aid in promoting and sustaining recovery from drug and alcohol problems has already been examined by the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE), the Recovery Orientated Drug Treatment Expert Group (RODT) and the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD). This briefing aims to bring these existing findings and recommendations on mutual aid together to increase their visibility and accessibility for the alcohol and drug treatment field. Public Health England 2013-12 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21090/1/mutualaid-briefing.pdf Public Health England. (2013) A briefing on the evidence-based drug and alcohol treatment guidance recommendations on mutual aid. London: Public Health England. 6 p. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:21624info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21624/ Briefing paper 3: mutual aid. Drugs and alcohol recovery Group therapy Social support Psychosocial treatment method United Kingdom Rehabilitation Peer relations The briefing papers will provide: 1. a short overview of the topic, produced with input from an expert 2. links to the best evidence-based research and findings from the Skills Hub, the Drug and Alcohol Research Matrices and elsewhere 3. a wider resources section which contains less formal materials such as toolkits, news articles and videos. Mutual aid is typically provided outside formal treatment agencies and is one of the most commonly travelled pathways to recovery. Mutual aid groups come in many different types, with the most widely provided being based on 12-Step principles, for example Narcotics Anonymous and Cocaine Anonymous. Other forms include SMART Recovery, Intuitive Recovery and locally derived peer support networks. Engagement in peer-support for those in recovery can be encouraged by practitioners looking to help change behaviour and improve outcomes. NICE clearly recommends that the benefits of these groups can be further enhanced if keyworkers and other staff in services facilitate contact with them, for example by making an initial appointment, arranging transport or possibly accompanying patients to the first meeting and dealing with any subsequent concerns. These interventions can be of benefit to a wide range of people at different levels of the care and treatment system. Substance Misuse Skills Consortium 2013-09 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21624/1/Skills_Consortium_Briefing_Paper_3_-_Mutual_aid.pdf Substance Misuse Skills Consortium. [Skills Consortium] (2013) Briefing paper 3: mutual aid. London: Substance Misuse Skills Consortium. 4 p. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:19161info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/19161/ Turning evidence into practice. Helping clients to access and engage with mutual aid. Information transfer from research to practice Social support Psychosocial treatment method United Kingdom Peer relations Mutual aid improves drug and alcohol treatment and its recovery orientation, say NICE (2007 & 2011) and the report of the Recovery Orientated Drug Treatment expert group (2012). Treatment providers and keyworkers who actively help service users to access and engage with mutual aid are likely to see better outcomes. ‘Mutual aid’ refers to members of a group who give each other social, emotional and informational support at every stage during their recovery from drug or alcohol dependence. They can include people who are thinking about stopping their drug or alcohol use, or those who want to stay stopped. Public Health England 2013-07 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/19161/1/Helping_clients_to_access_and_engage_with_mutal_aid.pdf National Treatment Agency for Substance Misuse. [National Treatment Agency (UK)] (2013) Turning evidence into practice. Helping clients to access and engage with mutual aid. London: Public Health England. 4 p. http://www.nta.nhs.uk/news-2013-RRMA.aspxinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:19896info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/19896/ Effectiveness Bank Bulletin [Social network effects in alcohol consumption among adolescents]. United States Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) Level of drugs and alcohol use among peers Peer pressure (bullying) Alcohol use Alcohol Alcohol consumption Social network effects in alcohol consumption among adolescents. Ali M.M., Dwyer D.S. Addictive Behaviors: 2010, 35, p. 337–342. Is the peer influence on which many substance use prevention programmes are based an illusion due to other factors like pupils sharing similar environments or choosing like-minded friends? Not entirely, finds this unusually rigorous US analysis; the chances of a given child drinking rise by 4% for every 10% more of their school year-mates who drink. Summary Presumptions about the influence of friends and peers on the substance use of young people lie at the heart of important approaches to preventing substance use. However, estimating the strength of this influence is complicated by the tendency for youngsters to choose like-minded friends, meaning that the causal relation is reversed – young drinkers choosing for example to befriend other young drinkers rather than being influenced to take up drinking by their friends. Another type of complicating factor are shared influences which might affect both the focal child's drinking and that of their friends, creating the illusion that one is causally related to the other. An example might be the areas they live in and the schools they attend. Unless these confounding factors are controlled for, we risk basing prevention programmes on mistaken estimates about the influence of peers. The featured analysis sought to refine these estimates by as far as possible eliminating other influences. Data for the analysis came from the 1994 wave of a national US study of adolescent health conducted in 132 schools between grades 7 and 12. The children were asked how often they had drunk in the past year, enabling the study to assess what proportion were drinkers and how frequently on average they drank. Just over 20,000 of the pupils (they averaged 15 years of age) were not just surveyed in schools but also interviewed in their homes where their parents too were interviewed, yielding information which could help eliminate influences which might bias the estimate of the influence of peers. Another major advantage of the survey was that it gathered information about two differently constructed sources of peer influence. The first came from asking the young people to name their five closest male and five closest female friends. Since these friends were usually also surveyed, it was possible to assess the extent of their drinking and in turn assess how this might have influenced the focal child. However, these estimates were vulnerable to reverse causality – similar peers gravitating towards each other. This was not the case for the second source of peer influence assessed by the analysis – the drinking of the other children in the same grade of the child's school, an influence particularly relevant to school-based prevention programmes which operate on whole classes and grades in a school. For both sources of influence the analysis assessed the possible impact on the focal child of the proportion of their peers who drank at all and of the average intensity of their drinking. Drug and Alcohol Findings 2013-05-08 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed [Drug and Alcohol Findings] (2013) Effectiveness Bank Bulletin [Social network effects in alcohol consumption among adolescents]. London: Drug and Alcohol Findings. Effectiveness Bank Bulletin, 8 May 2013 http://findings.org.uk/docs/bulletins/Bull_08_05_13.phpinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:19318info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalMcElrathKarenMcElrath, Karen <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McElrath=3AKaren=3A=3A.html>HarrisJulieHarris, Julie <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Harris=3AJulie=3A=3A.html>118February 2013ISSN 1465-9891 print/ISSN 1475-9942 onlinePeer injecting: implications for injecting order and blood-borne viruses among men and women who inject heroin.Journal of Substance Use31-45articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:19225info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/19225/ Action plan on bullying. Report of the Anti-Bullying Working Group to the Minister for Education and Skills. Ireland Peer pressure (bullying) P.33. Self harm and suicidal behaviour The National Office for Suicide Prevention reports that Ireland has the fourth highest rate of youth suicide in Europe49 (based on 2009 data) and the National Suicide Research Foundation reports that in 2010 1,198 young people, aged 19 and under, were treated in hospital as a result of deliberate self-harm.50 It should be noted that many incidents of self-harm and suicidal behaviour are not reported. Self-harm and suicidal behaviour are often closely related and some studies have found that repeated self-harm can be a predictor of suicide. The National Suicide Prevention Strategy for England includes a section on preventing suicide following self-harm. The risk-factors for self-harm are quite similar to those for suicidal behaviour and include psychological, biological, social and environmental factors and factors related to personal history. The trigger for self-harm and suicidal behaviour can be an unfortunate event, such as a relationship breakdown, interpersonal problem or financial difficulty. Depression or other psychiatric disorders, affiliations with deviant peer groups, binge drinking, and being victimised by violence or bullying, can also be important associated contributing factors. Research by McMahon et al identifies other factors associated with self-harm for both genders as drug use and knowing a friend who had engaged in self-harm. P.35 Impact on individuals who engage in bullying behaviour There are consequences also for individuals who engage in bullying behaviour. Children who become involved in such behaviour are also at risk of depression. Indeed, it has been claimed that the greatest risk of suicidal thoughts was detected amongst youngsters who bullied. Some of the possible long-term consequences associated with bullying others include: an increased risk of developing an anti-social personality; anxiety disorders; a likelihood of drug abuse and lawbreaking behaviour in adulthood; decreased educational and occupational attainment; and an aggressive parenting style... Department of Education and Skills 2013-01 Report NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/19225/1/Action-Plan-On-Bullying-2013.pdf Anti-Bullying Working Group. (2013) Action plan on bullying. Report of the Anti-Bullying Working Group to the Minister for Education and Skills. Dublin: Department of Education and Skills. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:21056info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalMcMahonElaine MMcMahon, Elaine M <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McMahon=3AElaine_M=3A=3A.html>CorcoranPaulCorcoran, Paul <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Corcoran=3APaul=3A=3A.html>KeeleyHelenKeeley, Helen <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Keeley=3AHelen=3A=3A.html>PerryIvan JPerry, Ivan J <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Perry=3AIvan_J=3A=3A.html>ArensmanEllaArensman, Ella <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Arensman=3AElla=3A=3A.html>64320131943-278XAdolescents exposed to suicidal behavior of others: prevalence of self-harm and associated psychological, lifestyle, and life event factors.Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior634-645articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:20391info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/20391/ Routes to recovery via the community. Mapping user manual. skills building Drugs and alcohol recovery Community environment Social support Prevention through information and education United Kingdom Vocational rehabilitation (employment / occupation) Peer relations Coping skills Health information and education Drugs and alcohol use harm reduction Introduction: Outline of the manual; pages 3-8 Chapter One: Techniques and tools to enhance assessment and build a plan for recovery; pages 9-49 Chapter Two: Setting, achieving and rewarding goals; pages 50-56 Chapter Three Building social support for change; pages 57-70 Chapter Four: Providing information to reduce harm; pages 71-77 Chapter Five: Skills development; pages 78-93 Chapter Six: Exiting treatment and aftercare; pages 94-104 Public Health England 2013 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/20391/1/Routes_to_recover_via_the_community.pdf Public Health England. (2013) Routes to recovery via the community. Mapping user manual. London: Public Health England. 105 p. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:20263info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalRyanLeighannRyan, Leighann <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Ryan=3ALeighann=3A=3A.html>Van HoutMarie ClaireVan Hout, Marie Claire <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Van_Hout=3AMarie_Claire=3A=3A.html>FoleyMichelleFoley, Michelle <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Foley=3AMichelle=3A=3A.html>25720130090-1482A social norms approach to drug prevention in schools in Ireland-a pre development study.Journal of Alcohol & Drug Education27-46articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:18669info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/18669/ Effectiveness Bank Bulletin [Positive psychology] Group therapy Social support Motivation Drugs and alcohol recovery choice-making behaviour Psychosocial treatment method Peer relations Behaviour therapy 1. Review of the application of positive psychology to substance use, addiction, and recovery research. Krentzman A.R. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: 2012, in press. The contemporary recovery movement in addictions and the positive psychology movement in the broader field of psychological health have recently grown in prominence but almost entirely in parallel streams, yet the overlaps and possible synergies between them suggest that an integration could be a step forward in recovery from addiction. 2. Applying positive psychology to alcohol-misusing adolescents: a group intervention. Akhtar M., Boniwell I. Groupwork: 2010, 20(3), p. 6–31. Conducted in England, this first study to test positive psychology approaches focused on strengths and wellbeing in the treatment of substance use problems found that a small group of young drinkers and drug users responded well, with substantial remission in alcohol dependence despite the non-substance focus of the group therapy. Drug and Alcohol Findings 2012-10-22 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/18669/1/Krentzman_AR_4_findings.pdf application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/18669/2/Akhtar_M_1_findings.pdf Drug and Alcohol Findings. (2012) Effectiveness Bank Bulletin [Positive psychology]. Drug and Alcohol Findings. Effectiveness Bank Bulletin, 22 Oct http://findings.org.uk/docs/bulletins/Bull_22_10_12.phpinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:16652info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalMcKayMichael TMcKay, Michael T <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McKay=3AMichael_T=3A=3A.html>ColeJon CCole, Jon C <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Cole=3AJon_C=3A=3A.html>31920121465-3370The relationship between alcohol use and peer pressure susceptibility, peer popularity and general conformity in Northern Irish school children.Drugs: Education Prevention and Policy213-222articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:15202info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/15202/ Teenage drinking and interethnic friendships. Goodman, Anthony Hurcombe, Rachel Healy, Jane Goodman, Sue Ball, Emma Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) Level of drugs and alcohol use among peers Minority group (racial group, immigrant, Traveller) United Kingdom Peer relations Alcohol consumption Cross-cultural study This report explores the links between young people's interethnic friendships and their drinking patterns and behaviours. Britain is a multicultural society, but little is currently known about if, and how, young people mix with friends from different ethnic backgrounds and the potential impact of this on drinking attitudes and behaviours. Research was undertaken to examine these links using quantitative and qualitative methods among a sample of 14- and 15-year-olds in diverse locations in London and Berkshire. The report: • explores the intra- and interethnic mix of young people’s friendship groups as described by young people in questionnaires and interviews; • analyses how drinking patterns vary by ethnicity, religion and gender; • investigates the links between young people’s background characteristics, their friendship groups (including the ethnicity of friends) and their reported drinking rates; and • looks at the implications of the findings, including recommendations for harm reduction based on education and peer support programmes. Joseph Rowntree Foundation 2011 Report NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/15202/1/JRF_teenage-drinking-interethnic-FULL.pdf application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/15202/2/JRF_drinking-friendship-teenagers-summary.pdf Goodman, Anthony <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Goodman=3AAnthony=3A=3A.html> and Hurcombe, Rachel <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Hurcombe=3ARachel=3A=3A.html> and Healy, Jane <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Healy=3AJane=3A=3A.html> and Goodman, Sue <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Goodman=3ASue=3A=3A.html> and Ball, Emma <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Ball=3AEmma=3A=3A.html> (2011) Teenage drinking and interethnic friendships. London: Joseph Rowntree Foundation. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:20807info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalHaaseTrutzHaase, Trutz <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Haase=3ATrutz=3A=3A.html>PratschkeJonathanPratschke, Jonathan <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Pratschke=3AJonathan=3A=3A.html>2620111649-8747Risk and protection factors for substance use among young people. A comparative study of early school-leavers and school-attending students.Youth Studies Ireland1-9articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:16441info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/16441/ Fact or fiction: a study of attitudes to alcohol and related issues among young people in the Ballymun area. Herbert, Christian Fennelly, Cara Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) Availability or accessibility to minors Level of drugs and alcohol use among peers Underage drinker Dublin Youth-club / cafe based prevention Alcohol Underage drinking Peer pressure (bullying) Attitude toward drugs and alcohol A Questionnaire was developed to engage young people from the ages of 12-18 on their attitudes to alcohol in the Ballymun area. The purpose of this research was to determine if attitudes are different according to age group. Questions ranged from opinions on public drinking, peer pressure and relationships with parents/guardians. The study groups were divided into three categories. It was clear that the 12/13 year age group overall were still at the stage where they agreed that drinking alcohol was against the law for young people, they were at times quiet judgemental and used either stereotypes or education to influence their answers. While the 14-16 year age group were at the stage where drinking alcohol was seen to them as the norm and their answers very much reflected on their social life and their friends, they were not looking at consequences and saw no harm in the activity. The 17/18 year age group were at a reflective stage and at times their answers were quite similar to the 12/13 year olds, this time using life experience/education, they were starting to look at consequences. This research has shown that there are significant changes in attitudes to alcohol among young people; the 12/13 year olds not having a vested interest, to the 14/16 year olds at the stage of experimenting, to the 17/18 year olds now assessing their use. A number of recommendations are given based on the findings. Ballymun Youth Action Project 2011 Report NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/16441/1/BYAP-Fact-or-Fiction_Proof.pdf Herbert, Christian <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Herbert=3AChristian=3A=3A.html> and Fennelly, Cara <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Fennelly=3ACara=3A=3A.html> (2011) Fact or fiction: a study of attitudes to alcohol and related issues among young people in the Ballymun area. Dublin: Ballymun Youth Action Project. http://www.byap.ie/2011/11/reports-on-substance-misuse-launchedinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:14702info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalKeaneMartinKeane, Martin <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Keane=3AMartin=3A=3A.html>Issue 36, Winter 20102011Commentary on NACD study on risk and protective factors for substance use.Drugnet Ireland19articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:15646info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalKeaneMartinKeane, Martin <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Keane=3AMartin=3A=3A.html>Issue 38, Summer 20112011The social norms approach to tackling substance use.Drugnet Ireland16-17articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:14701info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalLongJeanLong, Jean <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Long=3AJean=3A=3A.html>KeaneMartinKeane, Martin <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Keane=3AMartin=3A=3A.html>Issue 36, Winter 20102011NACD study on risk and protective factors for substance use among young people.Drugnet Ireland16-18articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:14639info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/14639/ Teenage drinking cultures Percy, Andrew Wilson, Joanne McCartan, Claire McCrystal, Patrick Underage drinking Social drinking Availability or accessibility to minors Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) Northern Ireland Peer pressure (bullying) Alcohol Supplying drugs and alcohol to a minor Drugs and alcohol effects and consequences This report investigates the onset and development of drinking behaviours within teenage friendship groups. Joseph Rowntree Foundation 2011 Report NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/14639/1/plugin-teenage-drinking-culture-full.pdf Percy, Andrew <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Percy=3AAndrew=3A=3A.html> and Wilson, Joanne <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Wilson=3AJoanne=3A=3A.html> and McCartan, Claire <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McCartan=3AClaire=3A=3A.html> and McCrystal, Patrick <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McCrystal=3APatrick=3A=3A.html> (2011) Teenage drinking cultures. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation. http://www.jrf.org.uk/publications/teenage-drinking-culturesinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:15860info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalVan HoutMarie ClaireVan Hout, Marie Claire <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Van_Hout=3AMarie_Claire=3A=3A.html>25520110090-1482Peer and universal drug prevention in Ireland: food for thought.Journal of Alcohol & Drug Education8-13articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:13002info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/13002/ Good practice guidelines for peer led family support groups. Group therapy Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment method Ireland Practice / clinical guidelines Family-focused prevention Family and drugs and alcohol Family support Family or marital therapy Peer relations 1. Introduction 2. Starting a peer led family support group 3. Providing support in a group 4. Facilitation 5. Seeking external support 6. Setting up a family support network Appendix A: Governance Appendix B: Steering group members Appendix C: Source documents Family Support Network 2010-04 Evidence resource NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/13002/1/GoodPracticeGuidelinesforPeerLedFamilySupportGroups.pdf Family Support Network. (2010) Good practice guidelines for peer led family support groups. Dublin: Family Support Network. 66 p. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:13442info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/13442/ Coolmine Therapeutic Communities. Helping people help themselves: annual report 2008. Drugs and alcohol disorder treatment unit Community environment Dublin Peer relations Residential facility Community-based treatment (primary care) Therapeutic Communities (TC) are designed to foster change and positive growth in their clients, emphasising group work and the taking of personal responsibility within a highly structured environment. The focus is on offering a holistic approach to dealing with addiction which means that in addition to dealing with the person in recovery, support is also provided for their friends and family thereby creating a strong social network to help them succeed. Coolmine is the oldest therapeutic community in Ireland with over 35 years providing services for drug and alcohol addiction throughout Ireland. Coolmine Therapeutic Community 2010-01 Report NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/13442/1/coolmine_annualreport_2008.pdf Coolmine Therapeutic Community. (2010) Coolmine Therapeutic Communities. Helping people help themselves: annual report 2008. Dublin: Coolmine Therapeutic Community. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:16072info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/16072/ In the front line of integration: young people managing migration to Ireland. Gilligan, Robbie Curry, Philip McGrath, Judy Murphy, Derek Ní Raghallaigh, Muireann Rogers, Margaret Scholtz,, Jennifer Jean Gilligan Quinn, Aoife Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) Ireland Minority group (racial group, immigrant, Traveller) Peer relations Cross-cultural study Executive Summary •This research aimed to find out what life is like for young people aged 15 to 18 who have migrated to Ireland. •169 migrant young people from sites purposefully selected across the county took part in open-ended focus group discussions. Although not formally representative, the results give us a flavour of the views that may be found among migrant youth living in Ireland today. It is the first national study of its kind. •The young people we spoke to faced many challenges dealing with differences between life in Ireland and the life they had known prior to migration. These differences existed in many areas such as how older and younger generations are expected to relate, rules and expectations for students in school and how people interact with one another socially. Each young person had to find their own way, day in day out, of adjusting to these challenges. Friendships •Friendships with local Irish young people were valued. These were also a useful means of acquiring language and accent. However experiences were mixed with some finding it easy to make friends locally, others finding it difficult, and others not particularly wanting it. •Barriers to friendships with local Irish young people included perceived differences in cultural background, language and accent, differences in educational and life experience, racism and differences in attitude towards education, authority, religion and alcohol. •Many migrant young people are unfamiliar with the ‘slagging’ (mostly friendly trading in insults) which is common currency among local Irish young people and some struggle to understand and adjust to it. ‘Slagging’ is often harmless, but at times it can be a vehicle for more genuine hostility. Children's Research Centre 2010 Report NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/16072/1/Integration_young_people_managing_migration.pdf Gilligan, Robbie <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Gilligan=3ARobbie=3A=3A.html> and Curry, Philip <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Curry=3APhilip=3A=3A.html> and McGrath, Judy <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McGrath=3AJudy=3A=3A.html> and Murphy, Derek <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Murphy=3ADerek=3A=3A.html> and Ní Raghallaigh, Muireann <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/N=ED_Raghallaigh=3AMuireann=3A=3A.html> and Rogers, Margaret <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Rogers=3AMargaret=3A=3A.html> and Scholtz,, Jennifer Jean <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Scholtz,=3AJennifer_Jean=3A=3A.html> and Gilligan Quinn, Aoife <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Gilligan_Quinn=3AAoife=3A=3A.html> (2010) In the front line of integration: young people managing migration to Ireland. Dublin: Children's Research Centre. http://www.tcd.ie/immigration/community/index.phpinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:14100info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/14100/ Risk and protection factors for substance use among young people: a comparative study of early school-leavers and school-attending students. Haase, Trutz Pratschke, Jonathan Adolescent / youth (teenager / young person) Student behaviour and participation Inhalants and solvents Ireland School context Early school Leaver Student (secondary level) Role of parent Risk and protective factors Peer relations risk-taking behaviour Prevalence of drugs and alcohol use This report presents the results of a study of substance use among young people in Ireland based on information collected in 2008 during face-to-face interviews with 991 people, aged between 15 and 18. The target population comprised school-attending students and young people who, having left school, were attending either a Youthreach centre for education or FÁS Community Training Centre. This latter population is described in this study as “early school-leavers” and represents approximately 12% of the full annual cohort of early school-leavers. Stationery Office 2010 Report NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/14100/1/NACD_RiskYoungPeopleSchool.pdf National Advisory Committee on Drugs. Haase, Trutz <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Haase=3ATrutz=3A=3A.html> and Pratschke, Jonathan <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Pratschke=3AJonathan=3A=3A.html> (2010) Risk and protection factors for substance use among young people: a comparative study of early school-leavers and school-attending students. Dublin: Stationery Office. info:oai:generic.eprints.org:17921info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalMcMahonElaine MMcMahon, Elaine M <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/McMahon=3AElaine_M=3A=3A.html>ReulbachUReulbach, U <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Reulbach=3AU=3A=3A.html>KeeleyHelenKeeley, Helen <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Keeley=3AHelen=3A=3A.html>PerryIvan JPerry, Ivan J <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Perry=3AIvan_J=3A=3A.html>ArensmanEllaArensman, Ella <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Arensman=3AElla=3A=3A.html>77120100277-9536Bullying victimisation, self harm and associated factors in Irish adolescent boys.Social Science & Medicine1300-1307articleinfo:oai:generic.eprints.org:17979info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:journalMulderJuulMulder, Juul <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Mulder=3AJuul=3A=3A.html>ter BogtTomter Bogt, Tom <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/ter_Bogt=3ATom=3A=3A.html>RaaijmakersQuinten AWRaaijmakers, Quinten AW <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Raaijmakers=3AQuinten_AW=3A=3A.html>Nic GabhainnSaoirseNic Gabhainn, Saoirse <http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/people/Nic_Gabhainn=3ASaoirse=3A=3A.html>332010Is it the music? Peer substance use as a mediator of the link between music preferences and adolescent substance use.Journal of Adolescence387-394article