Hughes, Brendan and Griffiths, Paul (2014) Regulatory approaches to new psychoactive substances (NPS) in the European Union. Addiction, 109, (10), pp. 1591-1593.
As in New Zealand, three European countries (Ireland, Poland, Romania) have chosen to reverse the established control model, using effect-based definitions; the supply of any unregulated psychoactive substance that meets certain criteria is banned unless specifically permitted.
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