1. INTRODUCTION p.1
1.1 Emergence of new psychoactive substances
1.2 Definition and categories of new psychoactive substances

2. MAIN NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES ENCOUNTERED IN ILLICIT MARKETS AND THEIR EFFECTS p.3
2.1 Synthetic cannabinoids
2.2 Synthetic cathinones
2.3 Ketamine
2.4 Phenethylamines
2.5 Piperazines
2.6 Plant-based substances
2.6.1 Khat
2.6.2 Kratom
2.6.3 Salvia divinorum
2.7 Miscellaneous substances
2.7.1 Aminoindanes
2.7.2 Phencyclidine-type substances
2.7.3 Tryptamines

3. GLOBAL SPREAD OF NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES p.19
3.1 Emergence of new psychoactive substances
3.2 Legal situation
3.2.1 The international drug control system
3.2.2 Regional responses: the European Union
3.2.3 National responses to new psychoactive substances
3.2.4 Other regulatory frameworks

4. USE OF NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES p.33
4.1 Global use estimates
4.2 Regional use estimates
4.3 National use estimates
4.4 National treatment data estimates
4.5 Internet surveys on the use of new psychoactive substances

5. SOURCES OF NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES p.43
5.1 Countries reporting seizures of new psychoactive substances
5.2 Number of new psychoactive substances in global markets
5.3 Perceived sources of new psychoactive substances and the role of internet
5.4 Identification of new psychoactive substances

ANNEXES p.57
• New psychoactive substances reported in 2012
• Synthetic cannabinoids
• Synthetic cathinones
• Ketamine
• Phenethylamines
• Piperazines
• Plant-based substances
• Aminoindanes
• Phencyclidine-type substances
• Tryptamines
• Others
• References