This manual is one of a series of UNODC LSS publications on guidelines, best practices and recommended methods of analysis of drugs under international control and related substances. Developed as a practical guide of best practices and logical procedures, this manual will assist in the investigation, analytical detection and prosecution in DFC cases. It is intended for worldwide use with the aim of improving investigational and analytical capabilities. Specifically, it provides guidance to:
• Investigators and medical professionals as to requirements for successful evidence collection including sample collection and storage.
• Analytical toxicologists to carry out analysis of these substances and interpret results in cases of DFCs.

The manual outlines the investigative and analytical challenges related to DFC and emphasizes the importance of evidence collection as a basis for further investigation.

In this regard, it also provides recommendations on practical tools for the collection of evidence. Further, it addresses the limitations of the analytical toxicological investigation and other issues that may impact the interpretation of results.

Detailed consideration is given to all analytical aspects important in the detection and identification of substances and interpretation of results in the context of DFSA cases. References to validated methods for analysis of blood, urine and hair samples are given in bibliography. The manual emphasizes the importance of collaboration of all those involved in the investigation and the importance of collecting consistent data.

While the emphasis of this document is on DFSA, similar considerations apply in the investigation of other drug-facilitated crimes (DFC), such as robbery, money extortion, human trafficking and the abuse of the elderly, children and mental health patients.